Improving growth and productivity of shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) applied using organic and inorganic fertilizer

Yıl 2024, , 297 - 305, 18.09.2024

Siti Hajrah Arif , Feranita Haring Muhammad Riadi

https://doi.org/10.20289/zfdergi.1385019

Öz

Objective: This research aims to identify and examine organic and inorganic fertilizer on the growth and productivity of shallots.
Materials and Methods: This study was carried out under field conditions in the research and application fields of Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University. The main plot is the liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) consisting of control, 10 mL/L, and 20 mL/L. The subplots, namely the zwavelzure ammonium (ZA) fertilizer, consist of control, 50 kg/ha, 100 kg/ha, and 150 kg/ha.
Results: Based on the research conducted, it can be seen that the interaction between the application of LOF (20 mL/L) and ZA fertilizer (150 kg/ha) recorded the highest average fresh bulb weight (145.60 g). Applying LOF (20 mL/L) can increase the average plant height (23.50 cm at 21 days after planting (DAP)), number of leaves (25.60 at 35 DAP), the number of bulbs (10.93), bulb diameter (2.77 cm), production per hectare (21.91 t), and chlorophyll index (20.48) of shallot plants. On the other hand, ZA fertilizer (150 kg/ha) influences plant height (44.03 cm at 42 DAP), number of leaves (26.67), production per hectare (20.96 t), and chlorophyll index (20.64) of shallot plants.
Conclusion: The application of organic and inorganic fertilizers has a significant influence on the growth and production of shallot plants, both in interaction and individually.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Fertilizer, inorganic, organic, shallot, growth

Organik ve inorganik gübre uygulaması ile şalot soğanının (Allium ascalonicum L.) büyüme ve verimliliğinin arttırılması

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, şalot soğanının büyüme ve gelişimine organik ve inorganik gübre uygulamalarının etkilerinin araştırılmasıdır.
Materyal ve Yöntem: Bu çalışma, Hasanuddin Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi araştırma ve uygulama alanlarında arazi koşullarında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ana parsel, kontrol, 10 mL/L ve 20 mL/L'den oluşan sıvı organik gübredir (LOF). Alt parseller, yani amonyum sülfat (ZA) gübresi uygulamaları kontrol, 50 kg/ha, 100 kg/ha ve 150 kg/ha'dan oluşmaktadır.
Araştırma Bulguları: Yapılan araştırmalara göre LOF (20 mL/L) ve ZA gübresi (150 kg/ha) uygulaması ile en yüksek ortalama taze soğan ağırlığı (145,60 g) elde edilmiştir. LOF (20 mL/L) uygulanması ortalama bitki boyunu (Dikimden 21 gün sonra 23,50 cm), yaprak sayısını (Dikimden 35 gün sonra 25,60), soğan sayısını (10,93), soğan çapını (2,77 cm), hektar başına üretimi (21,91 t) ve klorofil indeksini (20,48) artırabilir. Öte yandan, ZA gübresi (150 kg/ha) bitki boyunu (Dikimden 42 gün sonra 44,03 cm), yaprak sayısını (26,67), hektar başına üretimi (20,96 t) ve şalot soğanı bitkilerinin klorofil indeksi (20.64) etkilemiştir.
Sonuç: Organik ve inorganik gübrelerin uygulanması arpacık soğanı bitkilerinin büyümesi ve üretimi üzerinde hem ayrı ayrı, hem de birlikte önemli bir etkiye sahiptir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Gübre, inorganik, organik, arpacık soğanı

Kaynakça

• Bahua, M. I. & H. Gubali, 2020. Direct seed planting system and giving liquid organic fertilizer as a new method to increase rice yield and growth (Oryza sativa L.). Agrivita Journal of Agriculture Science, 42 (1): 68-77. DOI: http://doi.org/10.17503/agrivita.v42i1.2324
• Elisabeth, H., T. Permana & E. K. Prabawati, 2022. Product development of fried shallot from dairi potentiates as souvenir. Advances in Biological Sciences Research, 16: 348-356.
• Elizani, P. & E. Sulistyaningsih, 2019. The correlation and regression analysis of the growth and physiologycal parameter: how paclobutrazol increases bulb yield on three cultivars of true shallot seed. Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, 34 (2): 128-139.
• Faried, M., E. Syam’un & K. Mantja, 2021. Growth of botanical shallot seeds (true shallot seeds) applied with vermicompost and biological fertilizer. Agrivigor, 12 (2): 65-74.
• Fathi, A., 2022. Role of nitrogen (N) in plant growth, photosynthesis pigments, and N use efficiency: a review. Agrisost, 28: 1-8. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7143588
• Fatirahma, F. & D. Kastono, 2020. The effect of liquid organic fertilizer on yield of shallots (Allium cepa L. aggregatum group) on coastal sandy land. Vegetalika, 9 (1): 305-315. DOI: 10.22146/veg.47792
• Ji, R., G. Dong, W. Shi & J. Min, 2017. Effects of liquid organic fertilizers on plant growth and rhizosphere soil characteristics of chrysanthemum. Sustainability, 9 (5): 1-16. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su9050841
• Martinez-Alcantara, B., M. R. Martinez-Cuenca, A. Bermejo, F. Legaz & A. Quinones, 2016. Liquid organic fertilizers for sustainable agriculture: nutrient uptake of organic versus mineral fertilizers in citrus tress. PloS ONE, 11 (10): 1-20. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161619
• Meher, R., J. Mandal, D. Saha & S. Mohanta, 2016. Effect of sulphur application in onion (Allium cepa L.). Journal of Crop and Weed, 12 (3): 86-90.
• Octaviani, M., H. Fadhli & E. Yuneistya, 2019. Test the antimicrobial activity of ethanol extract from shallot skin (Allium cepa L.) using the disc diffusion method. Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (PSR), 6(1): 62-68.
• Pangaribuan, D. H., Sarno, K. Hendarto, Priyanto, A. K. Darma & T. Aprillia, 2019. Liquid organic fertilizer from plant extracts improves the growth, yield, and quality of sweet corn (Zea mays L. var. saccharata). Tropical Agricultural Science, 42 (3): 1157-1166.
• Rahayu, M. & R. U. Arini, 2018. Land suitability evaluation of shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) at production centres in Losari district, Brebes. Journal Of Degraded and Mining Lands Management, (1): 1505-1511.
• Rahayu, T. D., M. Ardana & R. Rijai, 2017. Potential of shallot skin (Allium cepa L.) as an antioxidant and sunscreen. Proceeding of the 6th Mulawarman Pharmaceuticals Conferences Samarinda 6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25026/mpc.v6i1.263
• Sari, A. N., 2016. Various spice plants as a source of natural antioxidants. Elkawnie, 2 (2): 203-212.
• Sharma, A. & R. Chetani, 2017. A review on the effect of organic and chemical fertilizers on plants. International Journal of Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology, 5 (2): 677-680.
• Sihombing, P., 2018. Response of growth and production of shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.) to the application of chicken manure and NPK fertilizer. Jurnal Stindo Profesional, 4 (4): 198-213.
• Supriyono, J. R. Zakiyyah, T. D. Sulistyo & B. Pujiasmanto, 2019. The impact of ZA substitution with organic fertilizer through red ginger’s growth and yield in mixed cropping with maize and cassava. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 905. DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/905/1/012038
• Supriyono, K. S., P. Pertiwi, S. Sulandjari, D. Purnomo & B. Pujiasmanto, 2023. The use of ZA and SP 36 fertilizer on growth and yield of red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum). IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1162. DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/1162/1/012013
• Triharyanto, E., D. Setyaningrum & D. M. Muhammad, 2022. Potential of liquid organic fertilizer on flowering, yield of shallots (Allium cepa L. Aggregatum) and soil quality. Universal Journal of Agriculture Research, 10 (5): 526-533. DOI: 10.13189/ujar.2022.100507.