Kuluçka sırasında sıcağa alıştırma ve fotoperiyodik aydınlatmanın kuluçka performansı, kuluçka süresi, civciv kalitesi ve organ gelişimi üzerindeki etkisi

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 59 Sayı: 1, 17 - 31, 30.03.2022

Tahir Shah Sezen Özkan

https://doi.org/10.20289/zfdergi.938921

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, kuluçka sırasında sıcağa alıştırma ve fotoperiyodik aydınlatmanın kuluçka performansı, kuluçka süresi, civciv kalitesi ve organ büyümesi üzerindeki etkisini araştırmaktır.
Materyal ve Yöntem: Çalışma birbirini takip eden iki denemeden oluşmuştur. Birinci denemede, kuluçka optimal kabuk sıcaklığı (37.8ºC, Kontrol) veya kuluçkanın 11-16. günleri arasında günde 6 saat optimumdan 1ºC daha yüksek kabuğu sıcaklığı (38.8ºC) kullanılarak sıcağa alıştırma yapılmıştır. İkinci denemede, yumurtalara 16 saat aydınlık 8 saat karanlık (16A: 8K) aydınlatma altında optimum sıcaklık veya aydınlatma ile birlikte sıcağa alıştırma (38.8ºC) uygulanmıştır.
Araştırma Bulguları: Sıcağa alıştırma kuluçka perfromansını etkilememiş ancak kuluçkadan çıkışı hızlandırmış, civciv kalitesi, bursa ve tibia ağırlıklarını geriletirken kalp ve sternum ağırlıklarını artırmıştır. İkinci denemede sıcağa alıştırma ile birlikte 16A: 8K aydınlatma uygulanması civciv uzunluğu ve karaciğer ağırlığını artırmıştır.
Sonuç: Kuluçkanın 11-16. günleri arasında sıcağa alıştırma (38.8ºC) civciv kalitesini olumsuz etkilemiştir. Ancak, çıkışta artan civciv uzunluğu ve karaciğer oranı değerleri dikkate alındığında sıcağa alıştırma ile birlikte 16A: 8K aydınlatma civciv kalitesi ve kuluçka sonrası performansın iyileştirilmesinde olumlu bir yaklaşım olabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Civciv kalitesi, kuluçka performansı, kuluçkada aydınlatma, sıcağa alıştırma ve yumurta kabuk sıcaklığı

Effects of thermal manipulation and photoperiodic lighting during incubation on hatching performance, hatching time, chick quality and organ growth

Öz

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of thermal manipulation (TM) and photoperiodic lighting during the incubation on hatching performance, hatching time, chick quality and organ growth.
Material and Methods: The study was composed of two consecutive experiments. The 1st experiment was application of TM, 1ºC higher eggshell temperature (EST, 38.8ºC ) for 6 h/day from 11 to 16 embryonic day, or optimal EST of 37.8ºC (Control) during the incubation. In second experiment, eggs were exposed to a photoperiodic lighting of 16h light and 8h darkness (16L: 8D) along with optimal EST (Light-Control) or TM (Light-Heated).
Results: Thermal manipulation accelerated hatching time, reduced chick quality score, decreased relative bursa and tibia weights while heart and sternum weights increased with no effect on hatching performance. However, 16L: 8D photoperiodic lighting schedule along with TM significantly improved chick length at hatch indicating improved chick quality while other traits were not affected except for higher relative liver weight.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that TM alone had negative effects on chick quality. However, photoperiodic lighting along with TM can be a positive approach towards better chick quality and post hatch performance as indicated by increased chick length and liver weight.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Chick quality, hatching performance, incubation lighting, thermal manipulation and egg shell temperature

Kaynakça

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