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DEĞERLER AÇISINDAN ETNİK KİMLİKLERİN TUTUMLARI

Yıl 2014, Sayı: 22, 214 - 229, 01.06.2014

Öz

Bu çalışma, farklı etnik kimliklerin etnik, dini ve sosyo-kültürel değerler açısından tutumlarını sınar. Ortak etnik, dini ve sosyo-kültürel kimlik boyutları ve bu kimliklerin özellikle değerler açısından tutumlarının belirlenmesi bize çeşitli grupları barındıran Türkiye'nin zengin mozayiğinin tercihlerini daha net ve karşılaştırmalı bir resmini sunacaktır. Çalışma, Mardin ilinde yaşayan etnik yapılar düzeyinde tutumların ölçülmesi, geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmalarının yapıldığı bir araştırmadır. Ölçme aracını geliştirmeye ilişkin süreçte, ölçme maddelerini hazırlma, kapsam geçerliliği için uzman görüşü alma, deneme uygulaması, geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması yapma şeklinde bir yol izlemektedir. Anket formunun birinci bölümü araştırmaya katılanların sosyo-demografik bilgilerini ölçerken, ikinci bölüm ise katılımcıların değer tutumlarını ölçen tercihlere yer verilmiştir. Araştırma verilerinin değerlendirilmesinde çeşitli istatistiksel tekniklerden yararlanılmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • Alba, R. (1990). Ethnic İdentity, Transformation of White America. New Haven, CT, Yale University Press.
  • Armenta, B. E., Knight, G. P., Carlo, G. & Jacobson, R. P. (2011). The Relation Between Ethnic Group Attachment Ve Prosocial Tendencies, The Mediating Role Of Cultural Values. European Journal of Social Psychology, AZ, USA, 41, 107–115.
  • Bardi, A., & Schwartz, S. (2003). Values Ve Behavior, Strength Ve Structure Of Relations. Personality ve Social Psychology Bulletin, 29, 1207-20
  • Benhabib, S. (1999). Modernizm, Evrensellik ve Birey. Çev. Mehmet Küçük, İstanbul, Ayrıntı Yayınları.
  • Berry, J.W., Kim, U., & Boski, P. (1987). Psychological Acculturation Of Immigrants. Y.Y Kim, W Gudykunst (Eds.), Cross-cultural adaptation, current approaches, Sage, Newbury Park, CA.
  • Brehier, E. (1966). Bugünkü Felsefe Konuları. Çev, Mehmet Toprak, İstanbul, Remzi Kitabevi.
  • Cajveer, A., Daniels, M., & McDermott, R. (2012). On Valuing Peers, Theories Of Learning Ve Intercultural Competence. Computer Science Education, Special Issue, Contributing Student Pedagogy, Valume 22, Issue 4, 319-342
  • Carlo, G., & ve de Guzman, M. R. T. (2009). Theories Ve Research On Prosocial Competencies Among US Latinos/As. In F. Villaruel, G. Carlo, M. Azmitia, J. Grau, N. Cabrera, ve J. Chahin (Eds.), Hvebook of U.S. Latino Psychology, Thousve Oaks, Sage Publications, 191–211.
  • Casas, J. M., & Pytluk, S. D. (1995). Hispanic Identity Development, Implica- Tions For Research Ve Practice. In J. G. Ponterotto, L. A. Suzuki, ve C. M. Alexveer (Eds.), Hvebook Of Multicultural Counseling, Thousve Oaks, CA, Sage Publications, 155– 180.
  • Cassidy, P. (2003). Leadership In International Settings, Lessons Learned. In C. Cherry, J. Gardiner, ve N. Huber (Eds.). Building Leadership Bridges, Chapel Hill, NC, North Carolina Press, 43-57.
  • Cross, T., Bazron, B., Dennis, K., & Isaacs, M. (1989). Towards a culturally competent system of care, A monograph on effective services for minority children who are severely emotionally disturbed , Washington , DC , Georgetown University Center for Child ve Human Development.
  • De Vos, G., & Suarez-Orozco, M. (1990). Status Inequality, The Self In Culturesage. Newbury Park, CA.
  • Deardorff, D. (2006). The Identification Ve Assessment Of Intercultural Competence As A Student Outcome Of Internationalization At Institutions Of Higher Education In The United States. Journal of Studies in International Education , 10 , 241 – 266 .
  • Delener, N. (1994). Religious Contrasts In Consumer Decision Behaviour Patterns, Their Dimensions Ve Marketing Implications. European Journal of Marketing, 28 (5), 36– 53.
  • Dutt, N. K. (1986). Values, The Foundation of Meaningful Life. In Ruhela, S.P. Human Values ve Education, Sterling Publisher Private Limited, New Delhi.
  • Erginer, G. (2007). Etno-Kültürel Sınırlar Tur Abdin Süryaniler Örneğinde. Ankara Üniversitesi BilimselAraştırma Projesi Kesin Raporu, Ankara, Ankara Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri.
  • Fam, K. S., Waller, D. S., & Erdoğan, B. Z. (2004). The Influence Of Religion On Attitudes Towards The Advertising Of Controversial Products. European Journal of Marketing, 35 (5–6), 537–555.
  • Fenton, S. (2001). Etnisite, Irkçılık, Sınıf ve Kü ltu
  • ̈r. (Çev. Nihat Sad). Ankara, Phoneix Yayınları.
  • Fichter, J. (1996). Sosyoloji nedir?. (Çev., N. Çelebi), Ankara, Attila Kitabevi. Güngören, A. (1998). Cadıların Gü nbatımı. İstanbul, Yol Yayınları.
  • Gupta, N. L. (2000). Human Values In Education, Ashok Kumar Mittal Concept Puplishing Company, India, New Delhi.
  • Hecht, M., Collier, M. J., & Ribeau, S (1993). African American Communication, Ethnic Identity Ve Cultural Interpretationsage, Newbury Park, CA.
  • Hoecklin, L. (1995). Managing Cultural Differences, Strategies For Competitive Advantage. NY, Addison-Wesley Publishing Company.
  • İnam, A. (2007). ¨Türkiyede Anlam Sağlığı Açısından Değerlerimiz¨. Değerler ve Eğitimi Uluslararası Sempozyumu, 26 - 28 Kasım 2004, İstanbul, Dem Yayınları.
  • İonna, K. (1998). İnsan ve Değerleri. Ankara, Türkiye Felsefe Kurumu.
  • Karasar, Niyazi (2006). Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemi, Ankara, Nobel Yayınları.
  • Knight, G. P., Bernal, M. E., & Carlo, G. (1995). Socialization Ve The Development Of Cooperative, Competitive, Ve Individualistic Behaviors Among Mexican American Children. In E. E. Garcia, ve B. McLaughlin (Eds.), Meeting The Challenge Of Linguistic Ve Cultural Diversity In Early Childhood, New York, NY, Teachers College Press, 85–102.
  • Kroeber, A.L., & Kluckhohn, C. (1969). Culture, A Critical Review of Concept ve Definitions. New York, Vintage Books.
  • Lewis, C.I. (1971). An Analysis of Knowledge ve Valuation. USA, Open Court.
  • Mar ́ın, G. (1984). Stereo Typing Hispanics,The Differential Effectof Research Method, Label, Ve Degree Of Contact. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 8, 17–27.
  • Markus, H., & Kitayama, S. (1994). A Collective Fear Of The Collective, Implications For Selves Ve Theories Of Selves. Personality ve Social Psychology Bulletin, 20, 568-79.
  • Moore, J. W. (1970). Mexican Americans. Englewood Cliffs, NJ, Prentice- Hall.
  • Önür, N. (2007). Modernlerşme Sürecinde Okul, Ail eve Medya Kavşağında Toplumsal Değerler. Değerler ve Eğitimi Uluslararası Sempozyumu, R. Kaymakcan, S. Kenan, H. Hökelekli, Ş. Arslan ve M. Zengin (Ed.), 26 - 28 Kasım 2004, İstanbul, Dem Yay., 145-155.
  • Perry, R. B. (1954). Realms of Value. Chambridge, Harvard University Press.
  • Peterson, L. R., & Roy, A. (1985). Religiosity, Anxiety, Ve Meaning Ve Purpose, Religion’s Consequences For Psychological Wellbeing. Review of Religious Research, 27, 49– 62.
  • Phinney, J. S. (1993). A Three-Stage Model Of Ethnic Identity Development In Adolescence. In M. E. Bernal, ve G. P. Knight (Eds.), Ethnic Identity, Formation Ve Transmission Among Hispanics Ve Other Minorities, Albany, NY, State University of New York Press, 61–79.
  • Pieper, A. (1999). Etiğe Giriş. Çev: Veysel Atayman-Gönül Sezer, İstanbul, Ayrıntı Yay.
  • Prosser, M. (1978). The Cultural Dialogue, An Introduction To Intercultural Communications. Boston, Houghton Mifflin Company.
  • Robertson, R. (1999). Kü
  • Roosen, J. (1989). Creating Ethnicity Sage. Newbury Park, CA.
  • Sarı, E. (2010). Mardin’de Kültürlerarasılık. İstanbul, İletişim Yayınları.
  • Schwartz, S. H. (1992). Universals in the content ve structure of value, Theorical advancesve empirical tests in 20 countries. In M. P. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 25, London, Academic Press, 1-65.
  • Schwartz, S. J., Zamboanga, B. L., & Jarvis, L. H. (2007). Ethnic Identity Ve Acculturation In Hispanic Early Adolescents, Mediated Relationships To Academic Grades, Prosocial Behaviors, Ve Externalizing Symptoms. Cultural Diversity ve Ethnic Minority Psychology, 13, 364–373.
  • Sen, A. (1987). On Ethics ve Economics. Oxford , Basil Blackwell.
  • ______ (1993). Capability ve Well-being. In The Quality of Life, Edited by, Nussbaum Martha C. ve Sen, Amartya, Oxford , The Clarendon Press ve The United Nations, 30-53
  • Shukla, R. P. (1997). Towards Developing Values Among Children, An Analytical Approach. University News, 35 (39) Sept 29, AIU House, New Delhi, 10-33.
  • _______ (2004). Value Education Ve Human Rights. Department of Education Nagalve University Kohima (Nagalve) India, New Delhi.
  • Stender, W. (2001). Etnik Uyanışlar. (Çev.Yesim Tükel), Varlık no. 120, 18-23.
  • Ting-Toomey, S., Yee-Jung, K. K., Shapiro, Robin B., Garcia, W., Wright, Trina J,. & Oetzel, John G. (2000). Ethnic/Cultural Identity Salience and Conflict Styles In Four US Ethnic Groups. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, January, 24 (1), 47– 81.
  • Turner, J. C., Hogg, M. A., Oakes, P. J., Reicher, S. D., & Wetherell, M. S. (1987). Rediscovering The Social Group, A Self-Categorization Theory. Oxford, UK, Blackwell.

Attitudes Of Ethnic Identities From Values Viewpoint

Yıl 2014, Sayı: 22, 214 - 229, 01.06.2014

Öz

This study analyzes attitudes of different ethnic identities from ethnic, religious and socio-cultural aspects. Determining dimensions of shared ethnic, religious and socio-cultural identities and attitudes of these identities particularly from the point of values will provide us with a clearer and comparative picture of preferences of Turkey’s rich mosaic that includes various groups. The study aims to measure with validity and reliability tests attitudes of ethnic groups inhabiting Madin Province. Preparing points of measurement, consulting with experts for content validity, trial practice, conducting validity and reliability tests are the steps followed during the development of the measurement instrument. The first section of the two-part questionnaire form contains information on socio-demographic details of participants, while the second section includes preferences that measures value attitudes of participants with certain values. SPSS 17.0 software has been used to analyze data. Various statistical techniques have been utilized in the research and in the evaluation of the data.

Kaynakça

  • Alba, R. (1990). Ethnic İdentity, Transformation of White America. New Haven, CT, Yale University Press.
  • Armenta, B. E., Knight, G. P., Carlo, G. & Jacobson, R. P. (2011). The Relation Between Ethnic Group Attachment Ve Prosocial Tendencies, The Mediating Role Of Cultural Values. European Journal of Social Psychology, AZ, USA, 41, 107–115.
  • Bardi, A., & Schwartz, S. (2003). Values Ve Behavior, Strength Ve Structure Of Relations. Personality ve Social Psychology Bulletin, 29, 1207-20
  • Benhabib, S. (1999). Modernizm, Evrensellik ve Birey. Çev. Mehmet Küçük, İstanbul, Ayrıntı Yayınları.
  • Berry, J.W., Kim, U., & Boski, P. (1987). Psychological Acculturation Of Immigrants. Y.Y Kim, W Gudykunst (Eds.), Cross-cultural adaptation, current approaches, Sage, Newbury Park, CA.
  • Brehier, E. (1966). Bugünkü Felsefe Konuları. Çev, Mehmet Toprak, İstanbul, Remzi Kitabevi.
  • Cajveer, A., Daniels, M., & McDermott, R. (2012). On Valuing Peers, Theories Of Learning Ve Intercultural Competence. Computer Science Education, Special Issue, Contributing Student Pedagogy, Valume 22, Issue 4, 319-342
  • Carlo, G., & ve de Guzman, M. R. T. (2009). Theories Ve Research On Prosocial Competencies Among US Latinos/As. In F. Villaruel, G. Carlo, M. Azmitia, J. Grau, N. Cabrera, ve J. Chahin (Eds.), Hvebook of U.S. Latino Psychology, Thousve Oaks, Sage Publications, 191–211.
  • Casas, J. M., & Pytluk, S. D. (1995). Hispanic Identity Development, Implica- Tions For Research Ve Practice. In J. G. Ponterotto, L. A. Suzuki, ve C. M. Alexveer (Eds.), Hvebook Of Multicultural Counseling, Thousve Oaks, CA, Sage Publications, 155– 180.
  • Cassidy, P. (2003). Leadership In International Settings, Lessons Learned. In C. Cherry, J. Gardiner, ve N. Huber (Eds.). Building Leadership Bridges, Chapel Hill, NC, North Carolina Press, 43-57.
  • Cross, T., Bazron, B., Dennis, K., & Isaacs, M. (1989). Towards a culturally competent system of care, A monograph on effective services for minority children who are severely emotionally disturbed , Washington , DC , Georgetown University Center for Child ve Human Development.
  • De Vos, G., & Suarez-Orozco, M. (1990). Status Inequality, The Self In Culturesage. Newbury Park, CA.
  • Deardorff, D. (2006). The Identification Ve Assessment Of Intercultural Competence As A Student Outcome Of Internationalization At Institutions Of Higher Education In The United States. Journal of Studies in International Education , 10 , 241 – 266 .
  • Delener, N. (1994). Religious Contrasts In Consumer Decision Behaviour Patterns, Their Dimensions Ve Marketing Implications. European Journal of Marketing, 28 (5), 36– 53.
  • Dutt, N. K. (1986). Values, The Foundation of Meaningful Life. In Ruhela, S.P. Human Values ve Education, Sterling Publisher Private Limited, New Delhi.
  • Erginer, G. (2007). Etno-Kültürel Sınırlar Tur Abdin Süryaniler Örneğinde. Ankara Üniversitesi BilimselAraştırma Projesi Kesin Raporu, Ankara, Ankara Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri.
  • Fam, K. S., Waller, D. S., & Erdoğan, B. Z. (2004). The Influence Of Religion On Attitudes Towards The Advertising Of Controversial Products. European Journal of Marketing, 35 (5–6), 537–555.
  • Fenton, S. (2001). Etnisite, Irkçılık, Sınıf ve Kü ltu
  • ̈r. (Çev. Nihat Sad). Ankara, Phoneix Yayınları.
  • Fichter, J. (1996). Sosyoloji nedir?. (Çev., N. Çelebi), Ankara, Attila Kitabevi. Güngören, A. (1998). Cadıların Gü nbatımı. İstanbul, Yol Yayınları.
  • Gupta, N. L. (2000). Human Values In Education, Ashok Kumar Mittal Concept Puplishing Company, India, New Delhi.
  • Hecht, M., Collier, M. J., & Ribeau, S (1993). African American Communication, Ethnic Identity Ve Cultural Interpretationsage, Newbury Park, CA.
  • Hoecklin, L. (1995). Managing Cultural Differences, Strategies For Competitive Advantage. NY, Addison-Wesley Publishing Company.
  • İnam, A. (2007). ¨Türkiyede Anlam Sağlığı Açısından Değerlerimiz¨. Değerler ve Eğitimi Uluslararası Sempozyumu, 26 - 28 Kasım 2004, İstanbul, Dem Yayınları.
  • İonna, K. (1998). İnsan ve Değerleri. Ankara, Türkiye Felsefe Kurumu.
  • Karasar, Niyazi (2006). Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemi, Ankara, Nobel Yayınları.
  • Knight, G. P., Bernal, M. E., & Carlo, G. (1995). Socialization Ve The Development Of Cooperative, Competitive, Ve Individualistic Behaviors Among Mexican American Children. In E. E. Garcia, ve B. McLaughlin (Eds.), Meeting The Challenge Of Linguistic Ve Cultural Diversity In Early Childhood, New York, NY, Teachers College Press, 85–102.
  • Kroeber, A.L., & Kluckhohn, C. (1969). Culture, A Critical Review of Concept ve Definitions. New York, Vintage Books.
  • Lewis, C.I. (1971). An Analysis of Knowledge ve Valuation. USA, Open Court.
  • Mar ́ın, G. (1984). Stereo Typing Hispanics,The Differential Effectof Research Method, Label, Ve Degree Of Contact. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 8, 17–27.
  • Markus, H., & Kitayama, S. (1994). A Collective Fear Of The Collective, Implications For Selves Ve Theories Of Selves. Personality ve Social Psychology Bulletin, 20, 568-79.
  • Moore, J. W. (1970). Mexican Americans. Englewood Cliffs, NJ, Prentice- Hall.
  • Önür, N. (2007). Modernlerşme Sürecinde Okul, Ail eve Medya Kavşağında Toplumsal Değerler. Değerler ve Eğitimi Uluslararası Sempozyumu, R. Kaymakcan, S. Kenan, H. Hökelekli, Ş. Arslan ve M. Zengin (Ed.), 26 - 28 Kasım 2004, İstanbul, Dem Yay., 145-155.
  • Perry, R. B. (1954). Realms of Value. Chambridge, Harvard University Press.
  • Peterson, L. R., & Roy, A. (1985). Religiosity, Anxiety, Ve Meaning Ve Purpose, Religion’s Consequences For Psychological Wellbeing. Review of Religious Research, 27, 49– 62.
  • Phinney, J. S. (1993). A Three-Stage Model Of Ethnic Identity Development In Adolescence. In M. E. Bernal, ve G. P. Knight (Eds.), Ethnic Identity, Formation Ve Transmission Among Hispanics Ve Other Minorities, Albany, NY, State University of New York Press, 61–79.
  • Pieper, A. (1999). Etiğe Giriş. Çev: Veysel Atayman-Gönül Sezer, İstanbul, Ayrıntı Yay.
  • Prosser, M. (1978). The Cultural Dialogue, An Introduction To Intercultural Communications. Boston, Houghton Mifflin Company.
  • Robertson, R. (1999). Kü
  • Roosen, J. (1989). Creating Ethnicity Sage. Newbury Park, CA.
  • Sarı, E. (2010). Mardin’de Kültürlerarasılık. İstanbul, İletişim Yayınları.
  • Schwartz, S. H. (1992). Universals in the content ve structure of value, Theorical advancesve empirical tests in 20 countries. In M. P. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 25, London, Academic Press, 1-65.
  • Schwartz, S. J., Zamboanga, B. L., & Jarvis, L. H. (2007). Ethnic Identity Ve Acculturation In Hispanic Early Adolescents, Mediated Relationships To Academic Grades, Prosocial Behaviors, Ve Externalizing Symptoms. Cultural Diversity ve Ethnic Minority Psychology, 13, 364–373.
  • Sen, A. (1987). On Ethics ve Economics. Oxford , Basil Blackwell.
  • ______ (1993). Capability ve Well-being. In The Quality of Life, Edited by, Nussbaum Martha C. ve Sen, Amartya, Oxford , The Clarendon Press ve The United Nations, 30-53
  • Shukla, R. P. (1997). Towards Developing Values Among Children, An Analytical Approach. University News, 35 (39) Sept 29, AIU House, New Delhi, 10-33.
  • _______ (2004). Value Education Ve Human Rights. Department of Education Nagalve University Kohima (Nagalve) India, New Delhi.
  • Stender, W. (2001). Etnik Uyanışlar. (Çev.Yesim Tükel), Varlık no. 120, 18-23.
  • Ting-Toomey, S., Yee-Jung, K. K., Shapiro, Robin B., Garcia, W., Wright, Trina J,. & Oetzel, John G. (2000). Ethnic/Cultural Identity Salience and Conflict Styles In Four US Ethnic Groups. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, January, 24 (1), 47– 81.
  • Turner, J. C., Hogg, M. A., Oakes, P. J., Reicher, S. D., & Wetherell, M. S. (1987). Rediscovering The Social Group, A Self-Categorization Theory. Oxford, UK, Blackwell.
Toplam 50 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Research Article
Yazarlar

Akif Akto Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Haziran 2014
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2014 Sayı: 22

Kaynak Göster

APA Akto, A. (2014). DEĞERLER AÇISINDAN ETNİK KİMLİKLERİN TUTUMLARI. Dicle Üniversitesi Ziya Gökalp Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi(22), 214-229.