TR
EN
Theoretical Investigations of P and P2 Bridged Fullerene C20
Abstract
The structural and electronic properties of C20 fullerenes linked by P and P2 were investigated via Density Functional Theory (DFT) in this study. The binding energies of the optimized (C20)2P and (C20P)2 structures were calculated as -41.06 eV and -21.78 eV, respectively. In the (C20)2P structure, it was observed that the inserted phosphorus atom altered the structure of one of the fullerenes, transforming the C20 framework, originally composed of twelve pentagons, into a structure consisting of two hexagons and ten pentagons. In the (C20P)2 structure, it was observed that the P – P bond between the phosphorus atoms ruptured, leading to the formation of a hexagon between the two fullerenes through bonding with carbon atoms. Under these conditions, the pentagonal structures of the fullerenes remained unchanged. The calculated GapHL values for the (C20)2P and (C20P)2 structures are 0.83 eV and 1.33 eV, respectively, indicating that they can be considered as semiconducting materials.
Keywords
Supporting Institution
The author(s) acknowledge that they received no external funding to support this research.
Ethical Statement
It is declared that scientific and ethical principles were followed during the preparation of this study and that all studies used are stated in the bibliography.
Thanks
The numerical calculations reported in this paper were performed at TUBITAK ULAKBIM, High Performance and Grid Computing Center (TRUBA resources).
References
- Yoshida, Z., Osawa, E. (1971). Aromaticity. Kyoto: Kagaku Dojin, 22, 174-178 (in Japanese)
- Bochvar, D. A., Gal’pern, E. G., (1973). Hypothetical systems: carbododecahedron, s-icosahedron, and carbo-s-icosahedron, Doklady Akademii Nauk, 209, 610-612.
- Heath, J. R., O’Brien, S. C., Zhang, Q., Liu, Y., Curl, R. F., Tittel, F. K., Kroto, H. W., Smalley R. E. (1985). Lanthanum complexes of spheroidal carbon shells. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 107, 25, 7779-7780.
- Aihara, J. (1995). Bond Resonance Energy and Verification of the Isolated Pentagon Rule. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 117, 14, 4130-4136.
- Taylor, R., Walton, D. R. M. (1993). The Chemistry of Fullerenes. Nature, 363, 685-693.
- Omacrsawa, E., (2012). Perspectives of Fullerene Nanotechnology. Springer, 376.
- Ghavanloo, E., Rafii-Tabar, H., Kausar, A., Giannopoulos, G. I., Fazelzadeh, S. A. (2023). Experimental and computational physics of fullerenes and their nanocomposites: Synthesis, thermo-mechanical characteristics and nanomedicine applications. Physics Reports, 996, 1-116.
- Prinzbach, H., Weiler, A., Landenberger, P., Wahl, F., Wörth, J., Scott, L. T., Gelmont, M., Olevano, D., v. Issendorff, B. (2000). Gas-phase production and photoelectron spectroscopy of the smallest fullerene, C20. Nature, 407, 60-63.
Details
Primary Language
English
Subjects
Atomic and Molecular Physics, Condensed Matter Modelling and Density Functional Theory, Nanomaterials
Journal Section
Research Article
Publication Date
November 30, 2025
Submission Date
February 19, 2025
Acceptance Date
April 29, 2025
Published in Issue
Year 2025 Volume: 12 Number: 2
APA
Mutluer, K., & Demiray, F. (2025). Theoretical Investigations of P and P2 Bridged Fullerene C20. Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 12(2), 448-455. https://doi.org/10.35193/bseufbd.1643102
AMA
1.Mutluer K, Demiray F. Theoretical Investigations of P and P2 Bridged Fullerene C20. Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi. 2025;12(2):448-455. doi:10.35193/bseufbd.1643102
Chicago
Mutluer, Kaan, and Ferhat Demiray. 2025. “Theoretical Investigations of P and P2 Bridged Fullerene C20”. Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 12 (2): 448-55. https://doi.org/10.35193/bseufbd.1643102.
EndNote
Mutluer K, Demiray F (November 1, 2025) Theoretical Investigations of P and P2 Bridged Fullerene C20. Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 12 2 448–455.
IEEE
[1]K. Mutluer and F. Demiray, “Theoretical Investigations of P and P2 Bridged Fullerene C20”, Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 448–455, Nov. 2025, doi: 10.35193/bseufbd.1643102.
ISNAD
Mutluer, Kaan - Demiray, Ferhat. “Theoretical Investigations of P and P2 Bridged Fullerene C20”. Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 12/2 (November 1, 2025): 448-455. https://doi.org/10.35193/bseufbd.1643102.
JAMA
1.Mutluer K, Demiray F. Theoretical Investigations of P and P2 Bridged Fullerene C20. Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi. 2025;12:448–455.
MLA
Mutluer, Kaan, and Ferhat Demiray. “Theoretical Investigations of P and P2 Bridged Fullerene C20”. Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 12, no. 2, Nov. 2025, pp. 448-55, doi:10.35193/bseufbd.1643102.
Vancouver
1.Kaan Mutluer, Ferhat Demiray. Theoretical Investigations of P and P2 Bridged Fullerene C20. Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi. 2025 Nov. 1;12(2):448-55. doi:10.35193/bseufbd.1643102