Disruptions in Translational Intertextuality across Multilingual Translations of a Historical Inscription
Yıl 2022,
Cilt: 20 Sayı: 32, 145 - 171, 27.05.2022
Serhat Kahyaoğlu
,
Mehmet Yıldız
Öz
This is the first research study to investigate translational intertextuality across multilingual translations of a historical inscription through retranslation and relay translation. It aims to offer a translational chain by linking the studied translations that involve different translational strategies and reveals intra- and multi-lingual alterations within the collection of the analyzed works. The corpus of the study consists of six academic works – on the interlingual translations of a historical inscription in Alanya, Türkiye – in five different languages, including the source language. To analyze the corpus, qualitative content analysis and purposeful sampling are applied. It is revealed that the translations tend to change their textuality through semantic alterations and application of translational phenomena, and thanks to the alterations, it is seen that the source text evolved through translations. It is suggested that translational intertextuality has a crucial role in the creation of new texts in a target language based on a translation, and the studied corpus illustrated that any disruptions in translational intertextuality affect the other rings of the translation chain, directly or indirectly helping to disseminate false knowledge or/and foreignizing the resultant text for the target audience. Moreover, it is highlighted that an ulterior translation can be affected by these disruptions; therefore, the disrupted prospective translational intertextuality could influence the intertextual ties across disciplines established by translations.
Teşekkür
We would like to thank Prof. Alptekin Yavaş for sharing with us his priceless knowledge on the political events concerned with the inscription’s engravement date(s) with us. In addition, we would like to acknowledge Kemal Deniz Karabacak’s efforts to provide us with the several of the academic works in the corpus.
Kaynakça
- Altın, M. (2014). Çevirmenin Yükü: Dilek Şendil Çevirisi ile Weight. In C. Ertem & T. Ertem (Eds.), Littera: Edebiyat Yazıları (Vol. 35) (pp. 227–234).
- André, J. S. (2003). Retranslation As Argument: Canon Formation, Professionalization, and International Rivalry in 19th Century Sinological Translation. Cadernos de Tradução, 1(11), 59–93.
- Azzam, S. M. (2017). The Seljuks of Anatolia: An epigraphic study [Master’s Thesis, the American University in Cairo]. AUC Knowledge Fountain.
- Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia (2021, September 20). grace. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/grace-religion
- Collet, T. (2016). Intertextuality in specialised translation: Citations as semantic markers in social science. Journal of Specialised Translation, 26, 72–95.
- Combe, E., Wiet, G., Sauvaget, J., Elisseeff, N., & Rice, D. S. (1931-1956). Répertoire Chronologique d’Epigraphie Arabe: Tome 11. Français d’Archéologie Orientale.
- De Beaugrande, R., & Dressler, W. U. (1981). Introduction to Text linguistics. Longman.
- Desmidt, I. (2009). (Re) translation Revisited. Meta: Journal Des Traducteurs / Meta: Translators’ Journal, 54(4), 669–683.
- Dollerup, C. (2014). Relay in Translation. In Cross-linguistic Interaction: Translation, Contrastive and Cognitive Studies. (pp. 21–32). St. Kliminent Ohridski University Press.
- Esser, H.-H. (1976). Grace, Spiritual Gifts. In C. Brown (Ed.), The New International Dictionary of New Testament Theology: Volume 2. Zondervan Publishing House.
- Ezzy, D. (2002). Qualitative Analysis: Practice and Innovation. In Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling.
- Gambier, Y. (1994). La retraduction, retour et détour. Meta: Journal Des Traducteurs, 39(3), 413. https://doi.org/10.7202/002799ar
- Gambier, Y. (2003). Working with Relay: An Old Story and a New Challenge. In L. P. González (Ed.), Speaking in Tongues: Language Across Contexts and Users (pp. 47–66). Universitat de València.
- Kantar, D. (2003). Mikhail Bakhtin'e Göre Dilde ve Roman Dilinde Söyleşimlilik. In A. (Eziler) Kıran, E. Korkut, & S. Ağıldere (Eds.), Günümüz Dilbilim Çalışmaları (pp. 156–164). Multilingual.
- Knight, C. (1845). Political dictionary; forming a work of universal reference, both constitutional and legal; and embracing the terms of civil administration, of political economy and social relations, and of all the more important statistical departments of finance and commerce. Charles Knight and Co., Ludgate Street.
- Konyalı, İ. H. (1946). Alanya (Alâiyye). Ayaydın Basımevi
- Koskinen, K., & Paloposki, O. (2010). Retranslation. In Y. Gambier & L. van Doorslaer (Eds.), Handbook of Translation Studies 1 (pp. 294–297). John Benjamins Publishing Company.
- Krippendorff, K. (2004). Content Analysis: An introduction to its methodology (2nd Edition). Sage Publications, Inc.
- Lloyd, S., & Rice, D. S. (1958). Alanya ('Alā’iyya). British Institute of Archaeology at Ankara.
- Lloyd, S., & Rice, D. S. (1964). Alanya ('Alā’iyya) (N. Sinemoğlu, Trans.). Türk Tarih Kurumu. (Original work published 1958)
- Lloyd, S., & Rice, D. S. (1989). Alanya ('Alā’iyya) (N. Sinemoğlu, Trans.). Türk Tarih Kurumu. (Original work published 1958)
- Lockwood, C., Munn, Z., & Porritt, K. (2015). Qualitative research synthesis: methodological guidance for systematic reviewers utilizing meta-aggregation. International journal of evidence-based healthcare, 13(3), 179–187. https://doi.org/10.1097/XEB.0000000000000062
- Lowe, Elizabeth (2014). Revisiting Retranslation: Re-creation and Historical Re-vision. In S. Bermann & C. Porter (Eds.), A companion to translation studies 11. Wiley Blackwell. pp. 413–424.
- Mayring, P. (2000). Qualitative Content Analysis. Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 1(2). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.17169/fqs-1.2.1089
- Riefstahl, R. M. (1931). Turkish Architecture in southwestern Anatolia. Harvard University Press.
- Riefstahl, R. M. (1941). Cenubu Garbî Anadolu’da Türk Mimarisi (O.Ş. Gökyay, Trans.). Maarif Matbası. (Original work published 1931)
- Palinkas, L. A., Horwitz, S. M., Green, C. A., Wisdom, J. P., Duan, N., & Hoagwood, K. (2015). Purposeful Sampling for Qualitative Data Collection and Analysis in Mixed Method Implementation Research. Administration and policy in mental health, 42(5), 533–544. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10488-013-0528-y
- Patton, M. (2001). Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods (Third ed.). Sage Publications Inc.
- Pym, A. (2011). Translation research terms: a tentative glossary for moments of perplexity and dispute. Translation Research Projects 3, 3(November), 75–99. http://wwwa.urv.cat/deaa/isg/publicity/isg/publications/trp_3_2011/isgbook3_web.pdf#page=67
- Ringmar, M. (2012). Relay translation. In Y. Gambier & L. van Doorslaer (Eds.), Handbook of Translation Studies 3 (pp. 141–143). John Benjamins Publishing Company.
- Tahir-Gürçağlar, Ş. (2020). Retranslation. In M. Baker & G. Saldanha (Eds.), Routledge Encyclopedia of Translation Studies (Third, pp. 484–489). Routledge.
- Venuti, L. (2008). The Translator’s Invisibility (Second ed.). Routledge
- Venuti, L. (2009). Translation, intertextuality, interpretation. Romance Studies, 27(3), 157–173. https://doi.org/10.1179/174581509X455169
- Washbourne, K. (2014). Nonlinear Narratives: Paths of Indirect and Relay Translation. Meta, 58(3), 607–625. https://doi.org/10.7202/1025054ar
- Yardım, A. (2002). Alanya Kitabeleri. İstanbul Fetih Cemiyeti Yayınları.
- Yıldız, M. (2020). Identification of Morphological, Lexical, and Syntactical Obfuscating Elements in Pseudo-Retranslations. Amasya Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi (ASOBİD). Translation Studies Special Issue (April 2020), 131–161.
- Yıldız, M. (2021a). In Search of Patient Zero: Pseudo-Retranslation in Turkish Academic Works. Journal of Academic Ethics, 19(2), 253–278. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10805-020-09371-4
- Yıldız, M. (2021b, September 2). Pseudo-retranslation: A novel perspective on translational intertextuality [Paper presentation]. The Łódź‐ZHAW Duo Colloquium on Translation and Meaning, Winterthur, Switzerland.
Bir Tarihi Kitabenin Çokdilli Çevirilerinde Gerçekleşen Çevirisel Metinlerarasılıkta Bozulmalar
Yıl 2022,
Cilt: 20 Sayı: 32, 145 - 171, 27.05.2022
Serhat Kahyaoğlu
,
Mehmet Yıldız
Öz
Bu çalışma, bir tarihi kitabenin çokdilli çevirilerinde gerçekleşen çevirisel metinlerarasılık üzerinde yeniden çeviri ve aktarım çevirilerini ele alışı bakımından bir ilk niteliği taşımaktadır. Çalışılan çevirilerin birbirlerine bağlanılarak bir çeviri zinciri oluşturulması amaçlanmıştır. Bu zincirde çalışılan çeviriler için uygulanmış farklı yöntemler ve diliçi ve dillerarasındaki değişimler öne çıkarılmıştır. Çalışmanın bütüncesi altı akademik çalışma ve kaynak dil dahil olmak üzere beş dil içermektedir. Bahsedilen altı çalışma Türkiye’nin Alanya ilçesinde bulunan bir tarihi kitabenin dillerarası çevirilerinden oluşmaktadır. Bütüncenin çözümlemesinde nitel içerik çözümlemesi ve nitel amaçlı örneklem yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Çözümleme sonucunda, anlambilimsel değişikliklere ve çeviri görüngülerimin uygulanmasına maruz kalan çevirilerin metinliklerini değiştirmeye yatkın olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca, bu yapılan değişiklikler sonucunda kaynak metne yeni anlamlar kazandırıldığı gözlemlenmiştir. Bu bağlamda, çevirisel metinlerarasılık kavramının hedef dilde oluşturulacak çeviriye dayalı çeviri metinlerde önem arz ettiği vurgulanmıştır. Buna ek olarak, çevirisel metinlerarasılıkta muhtemel bozulmaların çeviri zincirinin diğer halkalarını da etkilediği izlenmiştir. Bu bozulmalar doğrudan veya dolaylı olarak yanlış bilginin yayılmasına ve/ya da hedef dildeki okuyucuya yabancılaştırma hissi vereceği gözlemlenmiştir. Son olarak, gelecekte yapılacak çevirilerin bu bozulmalardan etkileneceği vurgulanmış ve böylelikle bozulmuş ileri dönük çevirisel metinlerarasılık bağlarından çeviriler aracılığıyla disiplinler arası oluşturulmuş metinlerarası bağlarının da etkilenebileceği görülmüştür.
Kaynakça
- Altın, M. (2014). Çevirmenin Yükü: Dilek Şendil Çevirisi ile Weight. In C. Ertem & T. Ertem (Eds.), Littera: Edebiyat Yazıları (Vol. 35) (pp. 227–234).
- André, J. S. (2003). Retranslation As Argument: Canon Formation, Professionalization, and International Rivalry in 19th Century Sinological Translation. Cadernos de Tradução, 1(11), 59–93.
- Azzam, S. M. (2017). The Seljuks of Anatolia: An epigraphic study [Master’s Thesis, the American University in Cairo]. AUC Knowledge Fountain.
- Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia (2021, September 20). grace. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/grace-religion
- Collet, T. (2016). Intertextuality in specialised translation: Citations as semantic markers in social science. Journal of Specialised Translation, 26, 72–95.
- Combe, E., Wiet, G., Sauvaget, J., Elisseeff, N., & Rice, D. S. (1931-1956). Répertoire Chronologique d’Epigraphie Arabe: Tome 11. Français d’Archéologie Orientale.
- De Beaugrande, R., & Dressler, W. U. (1981). Introduction to Text linguistics. Longman.
- Desmidt, I. (2009). (Re) translation Revisited. Meta: Journal Des Traducteurs / Meta: Translators’ Journal, 54(4), 669–683.
- Dollerup, C. (2014). Relay in Translation. In Cross-linguistic Interaction: Translation, Contrastive and Cognitive Studies. (pp. 21–32). St. Kliminent Ohridski University Press.
- Esser, H.-H. (1976). Grace, Spiritual Gifts. In C. Brown (Ed.), The New International Dictionary of New Testament Theology: Volume 2. Zondervan Publishing House.
- Ezzy, D. (2002). Qualitative Analysis: Practice and Innovation. In Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling.
- Gambier, Y. (1994). La retraduction, retour et détour. Meta: Journal Des Traducteurs, 39(3), 413. https://doi.org/10.7202/002799ar
- Gambier, Y. (2003). Working with Relay: An Old Story and a New Challenge. In L. P. González (Ed.), Speaking in Tongues: Language Across Contexts and Users (pp. 47–66). Universitat de València.
- Kantar, D. (2003). Mikhail Bakhtin'e Göre Dilde ve Roman Dilinde Söyleşimlilik. In A. (Eziler) Kıran, E. Korkut, & S. Ağıldere (Eds.), Günümüz Dilbilim Çalışmaları (pp. 156–164). Multilingual.
- Knight, C. (1845). Political dictionary; forming a work of universal reference, both constitutional and legal; and embracing the terms of civil administration, of political economy and social relations, and of all the more important statistical departments of finance and commerce. Charles Knight and Co., Ludgate Street.
- Konyalı, İ. H. (1946). Alanya (Alâiyye). Ayaydın Basımevi
- Koskinen, K., & Paloposki, O. (2010). Retranslation. In Y. Gambier & L. van Doorslaer (Eds.), Handbook of Translation Studies 1 (pp. 294–297). John Benjamins Publishing Company.
- Krippendorff, K. (2004). Content Analysis: An introduction to its methodology (2nd Edition). Sage Publications, Inc.
- Lloyd, S., & Rice, D. S. (1958). Alanya ('Alā’iyya). British Institute of Archaeology at Ankara.
- Lloyd, S., & Rice, D. S. (1964). Alanya ('Alā’iyya) (N. Sinemoğlu, Trans.). Türk Tarih Kurumu. (Original work published 1958)
- Lloyd, S., & Rice, D. S. (1989). Alanya ('Alā’iyya) (N. Sinemoğlu, Trans.). Türk Tarih Kurumu. (Original work published 1958)
- Lockwood, C., Munn, Z., & Porritt, K. (2015). Qualitative research synthesis: methodological guidance for systematic reviewers utilizing meta-aggregation. International journal of evidence-based healthcare, 13(3), 179–187. https://doi.org/10.1097/XEB.0000000000000062
- Lowe, Elizabeth (2014). Revisiting Retranslation: Re-creation and Historical Re-vision. In S. Bermann & C. Porter (Eds.), A companion to translation studies 11. Wiley Blackwell. pp. 413–424.
- Mayring, P. (2000). Qualitative Content Analysis. Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 1(2). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.17169/fqs-1.2.1089
- Riefstahl, R. M. (1931). Turkish Architecture in southwestern Anatolia. Harvard University Press.
- Riefstahl, R. M. (1941). Cenubu Garbî Anadolu’da Türk Mimarisi (O.Ş. Gökyay, Trans.). Maarif Matbası. (Original work published 1931)
- Palinkas, L. A., Horwitz, S. M., Green, C. A., Wisdom, J. P., Duan, N., & Hoagwood, K. (2015). Purposeful Sampling for Qualitative Data Collection and Analysis in Mixed Method Implementation Research. Administration and policy in mental health, 42(5), 533–544. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10488-013-0528-y
- Patton, M. (2001). Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods (Third ed.). Sage Publications Inc.
- Pym, A. (2011). Translation research terms: a tentative glossary for moments of perplexity and dispute. Translation Research Projects 3, 3(November), 75–99. http://wwwa.urv.cat/deaa/isg/publicity/isg/publications/trp_3_2011/isgbook3_web.pdf#page=67
- Ringmar, M. (2012). Relay translation. In Y. Gambier & L. van Doorslaer (Eds.), Handbook of Translation Studies 3 (pp. 141–143). John Benjamins Publishing Company.
- Tahir-Gürçağlar, Ş. (2020). Retranslation. In M. Baker & G. Saldanha (Eds.), Routledge Encyclopedia of Translation Studies (Third, pp. 484–489). Routledge.
- Venuti, L. (2008). The Translator’s Invisibility (Second ed.). Routledge
- Venuti, L. (2009). Translation, intertextuality, interpretation. Romance Studies, 27(3), 157–173. https://doi.org/10.1179/174581509X455169
- Washbourne, K. (2014). Nonlinear Narratives: Paths of Indirect and Relay Translation. Meta, 58(3), 607–625. https://doi.org/10.7202/1025054ar
- Yardım, A. (2002). Alanya Kitabeleri. İstanbul Fetih Cemiyeti Yayınları.
- Yıldız, M. (2020). Identification of Morphological, Lexical, and Syntactical Obfuscating Elements in Pseudo-Retranslations. Amasya Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi (ASOBİD). Translation Studies Special Issue (April 2020), 131–161.
- Yıldız, M. (2021a). In Search of Patient Zero: Pseudo-Retranslation in Turkish Academic Works. Journal of Academic Ethics, 19(2), 253–278. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10805-020-09371-4
- Yıldız, M. (2021b, September 2). Pseudo-retranslation: A novel perspective on translational intertextuality [Paper presentation]. The Łódź‐ZHAW Duo Colloquium on Translation and Meaning, Winterthur, Switzerland.