Gölgede Kurutulmuş Althaea officinalis L. Çiçeklerinin GC–MS Tabanlı Uçucu Bileşen Profili

Year 2025, Volume: 40 Issue: 2, 375 - 382, 30.12.2025

Gamze Güçlü , Onur Sevindik , Zeynep Yaren Pehlivan

Abstract

Althaea officinalis L. (hatmi), Malvaceae familyasına ait tıbbi ve süs değeri taşıyan bir bitki olup özellikle Doğu Akdeniz’de yaygın olarak yetiştirilmektedir. Çiçekleri, yüzyıllardır ateş düşürücü, yumuşatıcı ve kanamayı durdurucu özellikleri nedeniyle geleneksel tedavide kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, hatmi çiçeklerinin uçucu bileşen profili ilk kez detaylı olarak incelenmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında, A. officinalis çiçeklerinden purge and trap yöntemi ile elde edilen ekstraktın uçucu bileşenleri GC-MS ile analiz edilmiştir. Toplam 24 uçucu bileşik tanımlanmış olup bunlar arasında sekiz terpenoid, altı alkol, beş asit, bir kükürt bileşiği, bir keton, bir uçucu fenol, bir ester ve bir lakton yer almaktadır. Bitkisel aromalarda yaygın olarak görülen terpenoidler, bileşiklerin büyük çoğunluğunu oluşturmuştur. Baskın bileşenler arasında pulegon (%32.17), 3-penten-2-ol (%8.69), 4-etoksi etil benzoat (%6.68), 2-hekzanol (%6.55) ve asetik asit (%6.23) öne çıkmıştır. Çalışmada pulegon, çiçeğin baskın bileşeni olarak belirlenmiş olup mentol biyosentezinde ara ürün olması ve karakteristik nane benzeri kokusu açısından önem taşımaktadır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, hatmi çiçeklerinin aromatik bileşenlerinin hem duyusal özellikler hem de biyolojik aktiviteler açısından potansiyel önem taşıdığını göstermektedir.

Keywords

Althaea officinalis , uçucu bileşikler , GC-MS , terpenoidler , pulegon

GC–MS Based Profiling of Volatile Constituents in Shade-Dried Althaea officinalis L. Flowers

Abstract

Althaea officinalis L., commonly known as marshmallow, is a medicinal and ornamental plant belonging to the Malvaceae family and is widely cultivated in the Eastern Mediterranean region. Its flowers have traditionally been used for their antipyretic, emollient, and styptic properties. The present study provides the first comprehensive report on the volatile composition of marshmallow flowers. Volatile constituents of A. officinalis flower extract were isolated using the purge and trap technique and analysed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). A total of 24 volatile compounds were identified, including eight terpenoids, six alcohols, five acids, one sulphur-containing compound, one ketone, one volatile phenol, one ester, and one lactone. Terpenoids represented the dominant chemical group, consistent with other aromatic plants. The major components were pulegone (32.17%), 3-penten-2-ol (8.69%), 4-ethoxy ethyl benzoate (6.68%), 2-hexanol (6.55%), and acetic acid (6.23%), accompanied by minor amounts of higher alcohols, fatty acids and related compounds. Pulegone was identified as the principal constituent, notable for its mint-like aroma and its role as an intermediate in (-)-menthol biosynthesis. The findings highlight the aromatic profile and potential biological relevance of A. officinalis flowers, contributing novel data to the phytochemical characterisation of this species.

Keywords

Althaea officinalis , volatile compounds , GC-MS , terpenoids , pulegone

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