ON MULTIMODAL TEXT PRODUCTION AND REFORMULATION IN ONLINE NEWS

Abstract

This study focuses on text production methods in online news and (verbal) operations performed during text production. The findings of a qualitative analysis, based on a database consisting of 100 news articles published on the TRTHaber website between April 14, 2019 and November 17, 2022, have shown that the major methods in text production are re-publishing news texts produced by official bodies, customizing news packages acquired from agencies, constructing news packages using materials compiled from multiple foreign sources, and in-house production. Multimodal text production is influenced by the presentation of news content through different media as well as by the interaction of modes. Among the basic operations performed at the word, sentence, and text levels, during the transition between modes and media, are addition (adiectio), subtraction (detractio), substitution (immutatio), and transformation (transmutatio), which are among the classical rhetorical operations. The paper argues that reformulation is an umbrella category that covers such verbal operations intended to preserve the institutional language of TRTHaber. Having adopted Standard Turkish, TRTHaber seems to avoid features of natural spoken language, local dialects and foreign accents, especially in transcribed speech.

Keywords

• online news
• multimodality
• reformulation
• rhetorical operations
• Institutional language

ÇEVRİMİÇİ HABERLERDE ÇOKKİPLİ METİN ÜRETİMİ VE YENİDEN BİÇİMLENDİRME ÜZERİNE

Öz

Bu çalışmada, çevrimiçi haber metni üretiminde başvurulan yöntemlere ve metin üretimi sırasında gerçekleştirilen (sözel) işlemlere odaklanılmıştır. TRTHaber internet sitesinde 14 Nisan 2019–17 Kasım 2022 arasında yayınlanmış 100 adet haberden oluşan bir veri tabanı, nitel yöntemle çözümlenmiş olup elde dilen bulgular, metin üretiminde öne çıkan yöntemlerin, alıntılama, özelleştirme, derleme ve kurum-içi retim olduğunu göstermiştir. Çokkipli metin üretimi, hem haber içeriklerinin farklı ortamlardan unulmasından hem de farklı gösterge kiplerinin etkileşiminden etkilenmektedir. Farklı ortam ve kipler arasında geçiş amacıyla, sözcük, tümce ve metin düzeyinde gerçekleştirilen temel işlemler arasında, ekleme (adiectio), çıkarma (detractio), yerine koyma (immutatio) ve dönüştürme (transmutatio) ulunmaktadır. Ölçünlü Türkçenin benimsendiği TRTHaber yayınlarında, özellikle yazılı metne geçişlerde, doğal konuşma dili, yerel ağız ve yabancı şive özelliklerinden kaçınıldığı görülmektedir. Kurumsal dili korumak amacıyla gerçekleştirilen yeniden biçimlendirmenin klasik retorik işlemler arasında yer alan sözel işlemleri kapsayan bir üst ulam olduğu ileri sürülebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• çevrimiçi haber
• çokkiplilik
• yeniden biçimlendirme
• retorik işlemler
• kurumsal dil

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