Tele-Hiçleme (Phubbing) Davranışına Maruz Kalmanın Öğrenme-Öğretme Süreçlerine Etkilerine İlişkin Algılar

Öz

Mobil cihaz kullanımının günümüzdeki yeri ve yoğunluğu günden güne artış göstermektedir. Bu artış beraberinde tele-hiçleme davranışı gibi olumsuz durumların ortaya çıkmasına yol açmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, görece yeni bir olgu olan tele-hiçleme davranışının öğrenme süreçlerine etkilerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda 148 yükseköğrenim öğrencisinden, betimsel tarama modeli ve tele-hiçlemeye maruz kalma ölçeği kullanılarak; tele-hiçlemeye maruz kalmaları ile ilgili veriler toplanmıştır. Araştırma bulguları katılımcıların, tele-hiçlemeye maruz kalma algıları ile öğrenme süreçlerinin etkilenmesine yönelik algıları arasında bir ilişki olduğuna işaret etmektedir. Buna göre tele-hiçlemeye görece daha az maruz kaldığını ifade eden öğrenciler, tele-hiçleme davranışının sınıf içinde, öğretim sürecinde sergilenmesinin, öğretmenlerinin, arkadaşlarının ve kendilerinin öğrenme-öğretme süreçlerine görece daha az olumsuz etki ettiğini belirtmektedirler. Bunun yanı sıra bu durumun tersi de söylenebilir. Mobil cihazların günlük yaşamdaki yeri ve gelişimleri göz önünde bulundurularak, mobil cihazların da dâhil edildiği, yeni öğretim tasarımları bu tür olumsuzlukları aşmada ve hatta daha etkili ve verimli öğrenme-öğretme süreçlerinin yaşanması adına değerlendirilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Tele-hiçleme (phubbing)
• yükseköğrenim
• öğrenme-öğretme
• mobil cihaz

Perceptions Towards the Effects of Exposure to Phubbing Behavior on Learning-Teaching Processes

Abstract

The current place and intensity of mobile device use areincreasing day by day. This increase leads to the emergence of negative situations such as phubbing behavior. This study aims to examine the effects of phubbing behavior, which is a relatively new phenomenon, on learning processes. For this purpose, data were collected from 148 higher education students about their exposure to phubbing. Research findings indicate that there is a relationship between the participants' perceptions of being exposed to phubbing and their perceptions of influencing learning processes. Accordingly, students who state that they are relatively less exposed to phubbing state that displaying phubbing behavior in the classroom during the learning-teaching process has a relatively less negative impact on the learning-teaching processes of their teachers, friends and themselves. The opposite of this situation can also be said. Considering the place and development of mobile devices in daily life, new instructional designs, emerging mobile devices, can be considered in order to overcome such negativities and even to experience more effective and efficient learning-teaching processes.

Keywords

• Phubbing
• higher education
• learning-teaching
• mobile device

References

1. Braguglia, K. H. (2008). Cellular telephone use: A survey of college business students. Hampton University Journal of College Teaching & Learning, 5(4), 55-62.
2. Burns, S.M. & Lohenry, K. (2010). Cellular Phone Use in Class: Implications for Teaching and Learning a Pilot Study. College Student Journal, 44(3), 805-810.
3. Chotpitayasunondh, V., & Douglas, K. M. (2016). How “phubbing” becomes the norm: The antecedents and consequences of snubbing via smartphone. Computers in Human Behavior, 63, 9–18.
4. Chotpitayasunondh, V., & Douglas, K. M. (2018). Measuring phone snubbing behavior: Development and validation of the Generic Scale of Phubbing (GSP) and the Generic Scale of Being Phubbed (GSBP). Computers in Human Behavior, 88, 5-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2018.06.020.
5. Ergün, N., Göksu, İ., & Sakız, H. (2020). Effects of phubbing: Relationships with psychodemographic variables. Psychological reports, 123(5), 1578-1613.
6. Gilroy, M. (2004). Invasion of the classroom cell phones. Education Digest, 69(6), 56-60.
7. Jenkins, R. (2011). The Rules About Classroom Rules. The Chronicle of Higher Education.
8. Karadağ, E., Tosuntaş, Ş. B., Erzen, E., Duru, P., Bostan, N., Mızrak Şahin, B., Culha, İ. & Babadağ, B. (2016). The virtual world’s current addiction: Phubbing. Addicta: The Turkish Journal on Addictions, 3(2). DOI: 10.15805/addicta.2016.3.0013

9. Karch, K. (2014). An investigation of perceptions about smart mobile phone usage as an instructional tool in a high school classroom, Doktora Tezi, Capella University.
10. Kuznekoff, J. H., Munz, S., & Titsworth, S. (2015). Mobile phones in the classroom: Examining the effects of texting, Twitter, and message content on student learning. Communication Education, 64(3), 344-365. doi:10.1080/03634523.2015.1038727
11. Ling, R. (2005). The sociolinguistics of SMS: An analysis of SMS use by a random sample of Norwegians. In R. Ling & P. E. Pederson (Eds.), Mobile communications: Re-negotiation of the social sphere (pp. 335–350). London, England: Springer-Verlag.
12. Macquarie Dictionary (2013). https://www.macmillandictionary.com/buzzword/entries/phubbing.html, Erişim Tarihi: 30.05.2019.
13. Maginnis, J. A. (2011). Texting in the presence of others: the use of politeness strategies in conversation. University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertation
14. McCann Erickson (2012). https://mccann.com.au/project/phubbing-a-word-is-born/, Erişim Tarihi: 14.10.2019.
15. Mottet, T. P., Frymier, A. B., & Beebe, S. A. (2006). Theorizing about instructional communication. In T. P. Mottet, V. P. Richmond, & J. C. McCroskey (Eds.),Handbook of instructional communication: Rhetorical and relational perspectives (pp. 255–282). Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon.
16. Nazir, T. (2020). Impact of classroom phubbing on teachers who face phubbing during lectures. Psychology Research on Education and Social Sciences, 1(1), 41-47.
17. Özkoçak, Y. (2016). Türkiye’de akıllı telefon kullanıcılarının oyalanma amaçıl tercih ettikleri mobil uygulamalar. Global Media Journal: Turkish Edition, 6(12), 106-130.
18. Parmaksız İ. (2019). İletişimde ve ilişkilerde phubbing. Türkiye sosyal araştirmalar dergisi. Safya: 359-37.
19. Pathak, S. (2013). McCann Melbourne made up a word to sell a print dictionary: New campaign for Macquarie birthed’phubbing’. Diambil kembali dari http://adage. com/article/news/mccann-melbourne-made-aword-sell-a-dictionary/244595.
20. Przybylski, A. K., & Weinstein, N. (2012). Can you connect with me now? How the presence of mobile communication technology influences FTF conversation quality. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 1-10.
21. Revilla, M., Cornilleau, A., Cousteaux, A. S., Legleye, S., & de Pedraza, P. (2016). What is the gain in a probability-based online panel of providing internet access to sampling units who previously had no access?. Social Science Computer Review, 34(4), 479-496.
22. Roberts, J. A., & David, M. E. (2017). Put down your phone and listen to me: How boss phubbing undermines the psychological conditions necessary for employee engagement. Computers in Human Behavior, 75, 206–217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.05.021
23. Roberts, J.A., & David, M.E. (2016). My life has become a major distraction from my cellphone: Partner phubbing and relationship satisfaction among romantic partners. Computers in Human Behavior, 54, 134–141.
24. Synnott, C. K. (2015). Smartphones in the classroom as impediments to student learning. Journal on Excellence in College Teaching, 26(1), 161-168.
25. Ugur G., Koc T. (2015). Time for digital detox: Misuse of mobile technology and phubbing. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,195, 1022-1031.
26. Ünalan, D., ve Yildirim, O. (2020). Dijital yerlilerin sosyotelizm (phubbıng) eğilimlerinin değerlendirilmesi. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi, 8(1), 276-297.
27. We are Social (2019). https://wearesocial.com/uk/digital- 2019, Erişim Tarihi: 19.10.2020.
28. Wei, FFY, Wang, KY ve Klausner, M. (2012). Rethinking College Students' Self- Regulation and Sustained Attention: Does Text Messaging During Class Influence Cognitive Learning? Communication Education, 61, 185–204. doi: 10.1080/03634523.2012.672755
29. Yam, F. C., & İlhan, T. (2020). Modern çağın bütünsel teknolojik bağımlılığı: Phubbing ve dinamikleri. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar, 11.