ATMOSFERİK SOĞUK PLAZMA UYGULAMASININ MADEN SUYUNDA MİNERAL KOMPOZİSYONU VE İN VİTRO BİYOERİŞİLEBİLİRLİK ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ

Abstract

Atmosferik soğuk plazma, plazma-sıvı ara yüzeyinde fizikokimyasal değişiklikler oluşturabilen yeni gelişen termal olmayan bir teknolojidir; ancak karbonatlı maden suyunda çözünmüş mineral fraksiyonları ve gastrointestinal olarak erişilebilir mineraller üzerindeki etkisi henüz yeterince tanımlanmamıştır. Bu çalışmada, atmosferik basınçlı plazma jet uygulamasının Türkiye’de ticari olarak temin edilebilen markalardan eşit hacimlerin birleştirilmesiyle hazırlanan kompozit karbonatlı maden suyu örneğinin çözünmüş elementel kompozisyonu ve in vitro mineral biyoerişilebilirliği üzerindeki etkisi araştırılmıştır. Plazma uygulaması, kuru hava kullanılarak 512–515 Hz frekansta ve 3 bar giriş basıncında 60, 90 ve 180 s süreyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Element konsantrasyonları, 0.45 μm filtrasyon sonrasında operasyonel olarak tanımlanan çözünmüş fraksiyonda ICP-OES ile belirlenmiştir. İn vitro mineral biyoerişilebilirliği, statik gastrointestinal sindirim modeli sonrasında santrifüjleme, filtrasyon ve ICP-OES analizi kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Plazma uygulaması çözünmüş mineral profilini anlamlı düzeyde etkilemiştir (P<0.05). Kalsiyum ve stronsiyum artan uygulama süresiyle azalırken, potasyum ve magnezyum orta düzeyde fakat anlamlı artışlar göstermiştir. Sodyum en kısa uygulama süresinden sonra artmış, ancak tutarlı bir zamana bağlı değişim göstermemiştir. Sindirim modelinde kalsiyum biyoerişilebilirliği nispeten stabil kalırken (%61.59-64.85), potasyum (%70.88-78.58) ve magnezyum (%77.95-83.57) plazma uygulamasından sonra daha yüksek biyoerişilebilir fraksiyonlar göstermiştir. Genel olarak elde edilen sonuçlar, atmosferik soğuk plazma uygulamasının karbonatlı maden suyu örneğinde çözünmüş Ca ve Sr konsantrasyonlarını azalttığını, çözünmüş K ve Mg konsantrasyonlarını artırdığını ve K ile Mg’nin in vitro biyoerişilebilir fraksiyonlarında artışa yol açtığını göstermiştir.

Keywords

• Soğuk plazma
• mineral biyoerişilebilirliği
• fonksiyonel içecekler
• in vitro sindirim
• karbonatlı maden suyu

INFLUENCE OF ATMOSPHERIC COLD PLASMA TREATMENT ON MINERAL COMPOSITION AND BIOACCESSIBILITY IN CARBONATED MINERAL WATER

Abstract

Atmospheric cold plasma is an emerging non-thermal technology that can induce physicochemical changes at the plasma-liquid interface; however, its influence on dissolved mineral fractions and gastrointestinally accessible minerals in carbonated mineral water remains poorly defined. This study investigated the effect of atmospheric-pressure plasma jet treatment on the dissolved elemental composition and in-vitro mineral bioaccessibility of a composite carbonated mineral water sample prepared by pooling equal volumes of commercially available brands in Türkiye. Plasma treatment was performed using dry air at 512-515 Hz and 3 bar inlet pressure for 60, 90, and 180 s. Element concentrations were determined by ICP-OES in the operationally defined dissolved fraction after 0.45 μm filtration. In-vitro mineral bioaccessibility was evaluated using a static gastrointestinal digestion model followed by centrifugation, filtration, and ICP-OES analysis. Plasma exposure significantly affected the dissolved mineral profile (P<0.05). Calcium and strontium decreased with increasing treatment time, whereas potassium and magnesium showed moderate but significant increases. Sodium increased after the shortest treatment but did not exhibit a consistent time-dependent pattern. In the digestion model, calcium bioaccessibility remained relatively stable (61.59-64.85%), while potassium (70.88-78.58%) and magnesium (77.95-83.57%) showed higher bioaccessible fractions after plasma treatment. Overall, the results showed that atmospheric cold plasma treatment reduced the dissolved Ca and Sr concentrations, increased the dissolved K and Mg concentrations, and enhanced the in vitro bioaccessible fractions of K and Mg in the carbonated mineral water sample.

Keywords

• Cold plasma
• mineral bioaccessibility
• functional beverages
• in-vitro digestion
• carbonated mineral water

Supporting Institution

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Ethical Statement

Ethical approval was not required for this study as it did not involve human or animal subjects.

Thanks

The authors would like to express their sincere gratitude to “Erişler Gıda San. ve Tic. A.Ş.” for their valuable support in this study.

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