Ziyaretçilerin Kara Turizm Destinasyonlarını Ziyaret Etme Motivasyonları Üzerine Ampirik Bir Çalışma: Ulucanlar Cezaevi Müzesi Örneği

Yıl 2024, , 87 - 107, 24.03.2024

Cemal Kaleli , Tamer Özlü , Kuttusi Zorlu

https://doi.org/10.32572/guntad.1326808

Öz

Kara turizm çalışmaları son zamanlarda turizm çalışmaları içerisinde artış gösteren önemli bir konu alanı olmuştur. Ancak bu konu özelinde yapılan çalışmaların ampirik yönü eksik kalmıştır. Türkiye’de ise kara turizm çalışmaları oldukça sınırlıdır. Bu çalışmada, Ulucanlar Cezaevi Müzesi'ni ziyaret edenlerin davranışlarını açıklayabilmek için Planlı Davranış Teorisi’nin (PDT) tutum yapısı ile beş adet kara turizm yapısı (iç karartıcı deneyim, ilgi çekici eğlence, benzersiz öğrenme deneyimi, geçici ilgi ve duygusal rekreasyon) arasındaki nedensel ilişkilerin ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla Ulucanlar Cezaevi Müzesi’ni ziyaret eden kişilerden basit örnekleme dayalı olarak 366 anket verisi toplanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli (YEM) ile analiz edilerek araştırmada öne sürülen beş hipotez test edilmiştir. Bulgular, benzersiz öğrenme deneyimi ve duygusal rekreasyon yapılarının, ziyaretçilerin tutumları üzerinde güçlü bir belirleyiciliğinin olduğunu göstermiştir. Ayrıca geçici ilgi ve ilgi çekici eğlence yapıları ile tutum arasındaki ilişkinin pozitif yönlü olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu sonuçlar bu tür destinasyonları ziyaret etmeye niyetli turistlerin davranışlarının açıklanmasında önerilen modelin kullanılabileceğini destekler niteliktedir. Elde edilen sonuçların hem teorik hem de pratik anlamda çeşitli çıkarımlar sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kara Turizm, Planlanmış Davranış Teorisi, Tutum, Müze Turizmi, Ulucanlar Cezaevi Müzesi

An Empirical Study on Visitors' Motivation to Visit Dark Tourism Destinations: The Case of Ulucanlar Prison Museum

Öz

Dark tourism studies have recently become an increasingly important subject area within tourism studies. However, the empirical aspect of the studies on this subject has been lacking. In Türkiye, dark tourism studies are pretty limited. In this study, to explain the behaviour of visitors to Ulucanlar Prison Museum, the causal relationship between the attitude structure of Planned Behavior Theory (PDT) and five dark tourism constructs (depressing experience, exciting entertainment, unique learning experience, temporary interest and emotional recreation) is examined. The aim is to reveal the relationships. For this purpose, 366 survey data were collected from simple sampling from people visiting the Ulucanlar Prison Museum. The obtained data were analyzed with the Structural Equation Model (SEM), and five hypotheses were tested in the research. The findings showed that unique learning experiences and emotional recreation structures strongly determine visitors' attitudes. In addition, it was determined that the relationship between temporary interest and interesting entertainment structures and attitudes was positive. These results support that the proposed model can be used to explain the behaviour of tourists who intend to visit such destinations. The results obtained are thought to provide various inferences theoretically and practicall.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Dark Tourism, Theory of Planned Behavior, Attitude, Museum Tourism, Ulucanlar Prison Museum

Kaynakça

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