I. TEMPLATES AND REQUIRED DOCUMENTS
Authors must prepare their manuscripts only by using the official templates provided by the journal:
Detailed formatting and writing rules are also described in the official article templates.
II. SIMILARITY RATE
- The total similarity rate must be below 20%.
- The similarity from any single source must not exceed 3%.
- References, proper names, addresses, chemical compounds, and biological species names are excluded from evaluation.
- Uploading the similarity report in PDF format is mandatory.
Studies that have been previously published in full or abstract form in conferences or symposiums are not accepted.
III. PAGE STRUCTURE AND GENERAL LAYOUT
The manuscript should be prepared on Letter-sized paper (216 × 279 mm). Margins must be set to 1.78 cm (top and bottom) and 1.65 cm (left and right). The main text should use Times New Roman, 10 pt font size, and be justified on both sides. Line spacing must be single (1.0), with 0 pt before and after each paragraph. The first line of each paragraph should be indented by 0.36 cm. There should be one blank line between paragraphs, and section headings should have 6 nk spacing before and 3 nk after. There is no page limit for manuscripts.
IV. MANUSCRIPT SECTIONS AND HEADING STYLES
The entire text must be prepared in Times New Roman, justified on both sides. Main headings should be 10 pt, bold, and in uppercase letters. Subheadings should be 10 pt, bold, and use title case capitalization. Line spacing should be 1.05, and paragraph spacing should be 6 nk before and 3 nk after. The first line indentation should be 0.36 cm.
Heading Rules
- Main headings (e.g., 1. INTRODUCTION): written in bold uppercase, justified.
- First-level subheadings (e.g., 1.2. Manuscript Sections): bold, title case, justified.
- Second-level subheadings (e.g., 1.2.1. Classification of Headings): bold, sentence case, justified.
Recommended Main Sections
The general structure of the manuscript is as follows (may vary depending on the study):
- INTRODUCTION
- MATERIALS AND METHODS
- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
- CONCLUSIONS
- REFERENCES
If necessary, an Acknowledgment section may be added before the References. Sections such as Author Contribution Statement are inserted by the editorial office after acceptance during the layout stage.
V. WRITING STYLE AND FORMATTING
The manuscript title should be in Zilla Slab, 12 pt, bold, with only the first letters capitalized (except conjunctions). Subheadings should be 10 pt, bold, numbered, and left-aligned. The main body text should be 10 pt, justified. Turkish and English abstracts should be written in 9 pt, in a single paragraph, and contain 100–200 words. Keywords should include 3 to 6 terms, written in lowercase and 9 pt. (Detailed formatting and style rules are given in the article templates.)
VI. FIGURES AND TABLES
All figures and tables must be numbered consecutively according to their appearance in the text. Figure captions should be placed below the figure, while table titles should appear above the table. In Turkish manuscripts, figure numbers should be given as “Şekil 1.”, and in English manuscripts as “Fig. 1.”. A period must follow the figure or table number.
Images must have a resolution of at least 300–600 dpi to ensure digital and print clarity. Figures should preferably be uploaded in .JPG or .PNG format. Vector-based graphics may use .SVG or .EPS, while engineering drawings and technical diagrams may also use .TIFF or .BMP. Scientific or experimental images (e.g., microscopy, optical, or camera captures) should be prepared in RGB (8-bit) color space, preserving color accuracy. CAD-based technical drawings (.DXF, .DWG) must not be embedded directly but converted into high-resolution image formats. Graphs exported from MATLAB, Python, Origin, or similar software must have clearly labeled axes, units, and legends, using the same font family as the main text (Times New Roman).
Multiple sub-figures under the same number should be labeled as (a), (b), (c). Figure captions must be concise and descriptive, and when adapted from other sources, appropriate references should be cited. Figures should appear as close as possible to their first mention in the text.
Tables must not be inserted as images (e.g., .JPG or .PNG). All tables must be created directly within Word in editable format. Table titles should appear above the table and be written in bold. The table content must be clear, concise, and properly aligned within the page layout. Unnecessary borders, shading, or colors should be avoided. Table text should be Times New Roman, 9–10 pt, justified within the margins. All figures and tables must fully comply with the formatting and typographic standards defined in the official journal template.
Detailed examples and layout references are available in the official manuscript templates.
VII. REFERENCES AND CITATION SYSTEM (IEEE STYLE)
The Hendese Journal of Technical Sciences and Engineering follows the IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) citation style, which is widely used in technical and engineering fields. This system is based on sequential numbering and ensures clarity and consistency.
References should be numbered in the order of their first appearance in the text and listed under the heading “REFERENCES” in the same order. In-text citations are enclosed in square brackets — for example: [1], [2], [3]. Multiple citations are separated by commas ([1], [3], [5]) or shown as ranges ([2]–[5]).
Citations should appear smoothly within the sentence flow. Examples:
- “This method was previously used in similar studies [3].”
- “Similar approaches are also observed in the literature [2], [4], [7].”
- “For detailed information, see [5]–[8].”
- “In the study conducted by Wangler [1], RF accelerator systems were described in detail.”
When preparing the reference list, each item should follow the order of appearance and maintain a consistent format. Journal, book, thesis, and report titles must be written in italics. For works with more than six authors, use the first author’s surname followed by et al.. Include the DOI (Digital Object Identifier) for all references where available, and add the access date for online sources.
The reference section should use 1.05 line spacing, 3 nk space after paragraphs, and a 0.65 cm hanging indent. The heading “REFERENCES” should be 10 pt, bold, and in uppercase letters.
Authors are encouraged to use reference management tools such as Mendeley, EndNote, or Zotero to minimize formatting errors and ensure consistency. These tools fully support the IEEE citation style and help standardize the referencing process. Examples of citation formats, punctuation, and layout styles are provided in the official Turkish and English manuscript templates. Authors must adhere to these examples to maintain consistency across publications.
VIII. UNIT SYSTEM (SI – INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM OF UNITS)
All physical quantities, measurements, and units in the manuscript must comply with the International System of Units. This globally accepted system ensures consistency in scientific communication and prevents confusion between measurement systems.
- Quantities such as force, length, time, temperature, energy, pressure, velocity, stress, and density must be expressed in SI units. For example: length – meter (m), mass – kilogram (kg), time – second (s), temperature – Kelvin (K), pressure – pascal (Pa), energy – joule (J), power – watt (W), frequency – hertz (Hz), force – newton (N), and stress – megapascal (MPa).
- Dimensionless quantities (e.g., ratios, percentages, coefficients) should be written as pure numbers. Use a space between the numeric value and the unit (e.g., “25 mm”, “3.5 N·m”). Decimal points must be written with a dot (.), not a comma.
- All axes, labels, and legends in tables, graphs, and figures must also use SI units. If data are collected in non-SI units (e.g., imperial or CGS), the equivalent SI values must be provided in parentheses.
Detailed examples of unit representation are included in the manuscript templates.
IX. LANGUAGE AND CONSISTENCY
The manuscript must be written in clear, fluent, and academically appropriate language. All authors are responsible for the grammatical accuracy, spelling, and overall clarity of the text. The journal does not perform language correction or editing; this responsibility lies entirely with the authors.
- For Turkish manuscripts, spelling and punctuation must follow the rules of the Turkish Language Association (TDK) Spelling Guide. Technical terms should be used in Turkish whenever possible; if foreign terms are necessary, they should be written in italics and explained clearly.
- For English manuscripts, linguistic accuracy and technical terminology are the sole responsibility of the author(s). The structure and academic tone must be consistent and precise. Authors must choose either American (US) or British (UK) English and use it consistently throughout the entire text (e.g., color–behavior vs. colour–behaviour).
If necessary, authors are encouraged to obtain professional language editing (proofreading) services before submission — especially for English manuscripts — to ensure grammatical correctness and clarity. Language consistency must be maintained throughout the entire article, including section titles, abstracts, tables, figure captions, and references. The journal assumes no responsibility for translation, language correction, or terminology accuracy; these remain entirely the responsibility of the authors.
X. EK NOTLAR
- Formatting and typographic consistency must be maintained throughout the manuscript. The alignment of figures, tables, equations, and text must fully comply with the journal’s official Word template. Authors should not manually alter the predefined styles of headings, paragraphs, or captions.
- Each paragraph should end with one blank line, and unnecessary spaces, line breaks, or formatting inconsistencies should be avoided. Page setup, font, paragraph indentation, table alignment, and figure placement must remain consistent with the template.
- Figures, graphics, and tables must be positioned coherently within the text, and each should have an appropriate caption and numbering format. The caption styles and in-table fonts must follow the journal template precisely.
- Before submission, authors must carefully review the final version of their manuscript for spelling, formatting, alignment, and reference consistency. The editorial team conducts only preliminary format checks; the responsibility for content, language, and meaning lies entirely with the authors.
- Authors must ensure that all figures are in publishable resolution and that all tables and references are correctly formatted. Any attempt to redesign the template layout or upload figures/tables as images will not be accepted.
The journal reserves the right to return submissions that fail to meet template and formatting requirements during the pre-evaluation stage.
TECHNICAL SUPPORT AND CONTACT
For any technical inquiries, assistance with manuscript submission, or system-related issues, please visit the journal’s official contact page:
From this page, authors can directly contact the editorial team for support regarding submission procedures, template compliance, or technical assistance.