GENERAL PRINCIPLES

1. The article should be submitted by the responsible author responsible as Microsoft Word (Doc, Docx).

2. The responsible author is responsible for monitoring all the processes of the article.

3. The main section headings should be bold and the first letter in capital letters, the first letter of the first word in the 2nd-degree headings should be large. If a third-degree title is required, the title should be in italics and only the first letter of the first word should be capitalized. If possible, articles with fourth-degree titles should not be used in our journal.

4. The main headings and sub-headings should not be numbered.

5. Turkish and English titles of the articles should be short, descriptive, and not more than fourteen words (except prepositions).

6. In the Pre-Control and Evaluation processes, the authors must submit the proposed corrections within 30 days at the latest. Otherwise, the article will be rejected.

7. Please click here to see the article written according to tothe rules of our journal.

Note: The general similarity rate should not exceed 20% except the bibliography part of the submitted articles. It is necessary to inform the journal editor if the rate specified in the necessary cases is exceeded. All articles submitted to the journal are screened with ithenticate plagiarism program.

8. Except for the Turkish and English titles of the work, all remaining parts should be written on the right side.

9. The text should be written on an A4-size page, in 12-font size Times New Roman, and double-spaced.

10. There should be 3 cm margin on the left, right, and top of the page.

11 Text should be written in a single column, all pages should be given a page number.

There is no page limit in publishing an article in our journal.

 

NAMES SECTION

A double-blind peer reviewer system is applied in our journal. Therefore, the names and addresses of authors should not be given in the main text when loading the Manuscript to the system. Author names and contact information should be written on a separate cover page. The cover page is available in the article submission section of our journal.

 

ABSTRACT

The article can be written in Turkish and English. English and Turkish abstracts should be written at the beginning of the Turkish manuscripts.

The abstract should contain brief and clear information about the purpose, method , and results of the article. 10 font size, single line spacing and maximum 300 words should be written. No reference should be made to the "Abstract".

Keywords: Keywords should be 10 font sizes, minimum 3, and maximum of 5 words. Keywords must be separated with a comma (,) sign and should be in lowercase.

 

INTRODUCTION

The sections of the main part of the study should be written in 14 font sizes; Bold and the first letter should be capitalized; Article should have Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion, and Conclusion sections. The second level titles should be written in the left, in 12 font sizes, the first letter of the first word should be capitalized, bold, and numbered. A line in the previous paragraph must be separated by a space.

 

FIGURES AND TABLES

In the Turkish article for Figures and Tables;” Şekil“, ”Tablo“; whereas in The English article “Fig”, “Table” should be used (Table 1, Fig 1).

Figure and Table words should be written in bold, and at the end of the description of figures and tables should not have a dot (.)

Figures, graphics, photographs and the like should be written under Figures and written with 11 fonts. Figure and Table should be given in the main document in the relevant places, should not be uploaded as separate files or should not be added to the end of the text.

Examples

Table 1 Possible effects of genetically modified organisms

 

Table 2 Methods of tissue culture in tomato plants

 

Fig. 1 Amount of GMO products in the world

 

Fig. 2 Countries with the highest number of GM cultivation in the world

 

 

CITATION INSIDE THE TEXT

In the text, the author should be numbered. Name and year should not be specified.

Example: Potatoes produced on a global scale are used in many basic areas [1, 2, 3]. Fifty percent of primarily produced potatoes are used for fresh consumption, such as baking, frying, boiling [4, 5, 6, 7].

 

REFERENCES

The references section should be written in 10 font sizes and without hanging indentations. In the references section, italics should not be written except in italic words such as “in vivo, in vitro, ex-situ” and species names. References should be written according to the “Chicago style”. Besides, there is an endnote style preparing for "International Journal of Life Sciences and Biotechnology". You can prepare your references using that style. For Endnote style, you can reach it by clicking on the endnote at the bottom right part of the main page of the journal.

 

Examples

Example of an article with 1 author;

Marakli, S., A Brief Review of Molecular Markers to Analyze Medicinally Important Plants. International Journal of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, 2018. 1 (1): p. 29-36.

Example of an article with 2 authors;

Kocacaliskan, I. and I. Tailor, Allelopathic effects of walnut leaf extracts and juglone on seed germination and seedling growth. The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 2001. 76 (4): p. 436-440.

 

Example of an article with 3 authors;

Segura-Aguilar, J., I. Hakman, and J. Rydström, The effect of 5OH-1,4-naphthoquinone on Norway spruce seeds during germination. Plant Physiology, 1992. 100 (4): p. 1955-1961.

 

Example of articles with 4 or more authors;

Arasoglu, T., et al., Synthesis, characterization, and antibacterial activity of juglone encapsulated PLGA nanoparticles. Journal of applied microbiology, 2017. 123 (6): p. 1407-1419.

 

Example for the book;

Kocalishkan, I., Allelopathy. 2006, Ankara, Turkey: Our Office Press-In Turkish.

 

Example for Book Chapter;

Kaya, Y., F.Z. Huyop, and M.F. Edbeib, Genetic Diversity in Plants, in Advances in Biosciences, F.Z. Huyop and S. Mohammed, Editors. 2019, Penerbit UTM Press. Malaysia: Malaysia. p. 04-24.

Ethical standards for publication exist to ensure high-quality scientific publications, public trust in scientific findings, and that people receive credit for their ideas. In addition, the authors are encouraged to follow the ethic guidelines of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) which can be viewed on the COPE website. 

International Journal of Life Sciences and Biotechnology (Int J. Life Sci. Biotechnol.) is an electronic peer-reviewed international journal trying to have the highest standards of publication ethics. For that, we affirm the following principles of the Publication Ethics and Malpractice Statement.

If malpractice is discovered at any time even after the publication, the articles not in accordance with these standards will be removed from the publication. Int J. Life Sci. Biotechnol. is checking all papers in a double-blind peer-review process. We also check for plagiarisms, research fabrication, falsification, and improper use of any organisms in research. We will also report any cases of suspected plagiarism or duplicate publishing. Int J. Life Sci. Biotechnol. reserves the right to use plagiarism detecting software to screen submitted papers at all times.

All the Int J. Life Sci. Biotechnol.Editorial Team members;

1. Respect their journal’s constituents (readers, authors, reviewers, and the human subjects of research) by:
Making the journal’s processes (e.g., governance, editorial staff members, number of reviewers, review times, acceptance rate) transparent;
Thanking reviewers for their work;
Protecting the confidentiality of human subjects.

2. Promote self-correction in science and participate in efforts to improve the practice of scientific investigation by:
Publishing corrections, retractions, and critiques of published articles;
Take responsibility for improving the level of scientific investigation and writing in the larger community of potential authors and readers.

3. Assure honesty and integrity of the content of their journal and minimize bias by:
Managing conflicts of interest;
Maintaining confidentiality of information;
Separating the editorial and business functions of the journal.

4. Improve the quality of their journal by:
Becoming familiar with the best practice in editing, peer review, research ethics, methods of investigation, and the rationale and evidence base supporting them;
Establishing appropriate programs to monitor journals’ performance;
Soliciting external evaluations of the journal’s effectiveness

Authors and Authors responsibilities;

Authorship is a way of making explicit both credit and responsibility for the contents of published articles. Credit and responsibility are inseparable. The guiding principle for authorship decisions is to present an honest account of what took place. Criteria for authorship apply to all intellectual products, including electronic publications of words, data, and images. the Int J. Life Sci. Biotechnol. Editorial should make their own policies on authorship transparent and accessible.
- Everyone who has made substantial intellectual contributions to the study on which the article is based (for example, to the research question, design, analysis, interpretation, and written description) should be an author.
- It is dishonest to omit mention of someone who has participated in writing the manuscript (“ghost authorship”) and unfair to omit investigators who has had an important engagement with other aspects of the work.
- Only an individual who has made substantial intellectual contributions should be an author.
- Performing technical services, translating text, supplying materials, and providing funding or administrative oversight over facilities where the work was done are not, in themselves, sufficient for authorship, although these contributions may be acknowledged in the manuscript.
- It is dishonest to include authors only because of their reputation, the position of authority, or friendship (“guest authorship”).
- One author (a “guarantor”) should take responsibility for the integrity of the work as a whole. Often this is the corresponding author, the one who sends in the manuscript and receives reviews, but other authors can have this role. All authors should approve the final version of the manuscript.
- It is preferable that all authors be familiar with all aspects of the work. However, modern research is often done in teams with complementary expertise so that every author may not be equally familiar with all aspects of the work. For example, a biostatistician may have greater mastery of statistical aspects of the manuscript than other authors but have somewhat less understanding of clinical variables or laboratory measurements. Therefore, some authors’ contributions may be limited to specific aspects of the work as a whole.
- All authors should comply with the journals’ policies on conflict of interest.
- Editors should not arbitrarily limit the number of authors.
- There are legitimate reasons for multiple authors in some kinds of research, such as multi-center, randomized controlled trials. In these situations, a subset of authors may be listed with the title, with the notation that they have prepared the manuscript on behalf of all contributors, who are then listed in an appendix to the published article.
- A “corporate” author (e.g., a “Group” name) representing all authors in a named study may be listed, as long as one investigator takes responsibility for the work as a whole. In either case, all individuals listed as authors should meet the criteria for authorship whether or not they are listed explicitly on the byline.
- If editors believe the number of authors is unusually large, relative to the scope and complexity of the work, they can ask for a detailed description of each author’s contributions to the work. If some do not meet the criteria for authorship, editors can require that their names be removed as a condition of publication.
- The authors themselves should decide the order in which authors are listed in an article.
- No one else other than authors knows as well as they do their respective contributions and the agreements they have made among themselves.
- Many different criteria are used to decide the order of authorship. Among these are relative contributions to the work and, in situations where all authors have contributed equally, alphabetical or random order.
- Readers cannot know, and should not assume, the meaning of the order of authorship unless the approach to assigning order has been described by the authors.
- Authors may want to include with their manuscript a description of how the order was decided. If so, editors should welcome this information and publish it with the manuscript.
- Disputes about authorship are best settled at the local level before journals review the manuscript. However, at their discretion editors may become involved in resolving authorship disputes.
- Changes in authorship at any stage of manuscript review, revision, or acceptance should be accompanied by a written request and explanation from all of the original authors.
- The integrity of the published record of scientific research depends not only on the validity of the science but also on honesty in authorship.
- Editors and readers need to be confident that authors have undertaken the work described and have ensured that the manuscript accurately reflects their work, irrespective if whether they took the lead in writing or sought assistance from a writer in the field.
- The scientific record is distorted if the primary purpose of an article is to persuade readers in favor of special interest, rather than to inform and educate, and this purpose is concealed.
- Ghost authorship exists when someone has made substantial contributions to writing a manuscript and this role is not mentioned in the manuscript itself. To prevent some instances of ghost authorship, editors should make clear in their journal's information for authors that writers can be legitimate contributors and that their roles and affiliations should be described in the manuscript. When editors detect ghost-written manuscripts, their actions should involve both the submitting authors and commercial participants if they are involved. Several actions are possible:
publish a notice that a manuscript has been ghostwritten, along with the names of the responsible companies and the submitting author;
alert the authors' academic institutions, identifying the commercial companies; and
provide specific names if contacted by the popular media or government organizations;
Together, these actions would increase transparency and public accountability about ghostwriting and its manipulation of the scientific record and deter others from this practice.


Peer-review process
Duties of Reviewers
Contribution to Editorial Decisions
- Peer review assists the editor in making editorial decisions and through the editorial communications with the author may also assist the author in improving the paper.
Promptness
- Any selected referee who feels unqualified to review the research reported in a manuscript or knows that its prompt review will be impossible should notify the editor and excuse himself from the review process.
Confidentiality
- Any manuscripts received for review must be treated as confidential documents. They must not be shown to or discussed with others except as authorized by the editor.
Standards of Objectivity
- Reviews should be conducted objectively. Personal criticism of the author is inappropriate. Referees should express their views clearly with supporting arguments.
Acknowledgment of Sources
- Reviewers should identify relevant published work that has not been cited by the authors. Any statement that an observation, derivation, or argument had been previously reported should be accompanied by the relevant citation. A reviewer should also call to the editor’s attention any substantial similarity or overlap between the manuscript under consideration and any other published paper of which they have personal knowledge.
Disclosure and Conflict of Interest
- Privileged information or ideas obtained through peer review must be kept confidential and not used for personal advantage. Reviewers should not consider manuscripts in which they have conflicts of interest resulting from competitive, collaborative, or other relationships or connections with any of the authors, companies, or institutions connected to the papers.

Publication ethics

Ethical standards for publication exist to ensure the quality of scientific publications. International Journal of Life Sciences and Biotechnology published by the International Society of Academicians is committed to publishing only original manuscripts and work that has neither been published elsewhere (nor is under review elsewhere). So, it is critical to avoid some specific ethical violations (like plagiarism, simultaneous submission, data fabrication, duplicate publication, improper author contribution, citation manipulation).

Plagiarism: Plagiarism is deliberately using someone else’s ideas or other original material without acknowledging its source and without refer to him/her. Copying even a small part ( for example one sentence) from someone else’s manuscript, or even one of your own that has previously been published, without proper citation, is considered plagiarism.

Simultaneous Submission: Simultaneous submission occurs when a manuscript is submitted to a journal when it is already under consideration by another journal.

Data Fabrication and Falsification: Data fabrication and falsification means the researcher did not actually do the study, but made up the results and had recorded or reported the fabricated information. Data falsification means the researcher did the experiment, but manipulated, changed, or omitted data or results from the research findings. This would lead to public distrust and less willingness to provide funding support.

Duplicate Publication: Duplicate publication occurs when two or more papers, without full cross-referencing, share the same hypotheses, data, and conclusions.

Improper Author Contribution: All listed authors must have made a significant contribution to the research in the paper.

Citation Manipulation: Citation Manipulation is including excessive citations, in the submitted manuscript, that do not contribute to the content of the article and have been included solely for the purpose of increasing citations to a given author’s work, or to articles published in a particular journal.

Process for identification of and dealing with allegations of research misconduct: Editors of the International Journal of Life Sciences and Biotechnology are reasonable to identify and prevent the publication of papers where research misconduct has occurred, including plagiarism, citation manipulation, and data falsification/fabrication, among others. In doing so, the International Journal of Life Sciences and Biotechnology follows COPE’s guidelines in dealing with allegations.

Copyright and Access 

International Journal of Life Sciences and Biotechnologyadheres to the Budapest Open Access Initiative and defines its Open Access policy according to the definition developed in the original BOAI:
By “open access” to [peer-reviewed research literature], we mean its free availability on the public internet, permitting any users to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of these articles, crawl them for indexing, pass them as data to software, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without financial, legal, or technical barriers other than those inseparable from gaining access to the internet itself. The only constraint on reproduction and distribution, and the only role for copyright in this domain, should be to give authors control over the integrity of their work and the right to be properly acknowledged and cited. [See, http://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/boai-10-recommendations]

Int J. Life Sci. Biotechnol. views open access to academic publications and research as an immutable part of academic endeavour. The publisher recognizes the essence of public good provided by the journal and hence accepts its responsibility as a public service to academic and intellectual betterment.

The publisher is committed to open access to all academic endeavors and as such, accepts its duty to make published content permanently available and freely accessible by all sections of the worldwide academic community. The publisher does not charge any pecuniary fees for the processing, submission, and publication of manuscripts. The publisher commits to free and universal access to its published content in perpetuity.

The publisher via its host-providing institution Dergipark uses Lockss for the archiving and preservation of its online content.

Authors retain their intellectual property: All articles published on “Int J. Life Sci. Biotechnol. are licensed with a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license and the journal does not require a transfer of copyright.

Copyright

In addition to being available on ISM, authors are encouraged to post any version of their manuscript in their institutional repositories or on their personal websites at any stage of the pre-and post-publication process. As an open-access journal, we do not require authors to transfer copyright to Int J. Life Sci. Biotechnol. in order to publish in the journal. Authors retain full control of their intellectual property and we use the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license for all works published in the journal. This means that anyone is free to share this material in any medium or format and that anyone can remix, transform, and build upon the content, as long as they provide attribution to the content creator.

Archiving and Publishing schedule

International Journal of Life Sciences and Biotechnology is published four times a year since 2018. All the content from the beginning to the end will be available forever on the International Journal of Life Sciences and Biotechnology’s own website. Also, the International Journal of Life Sciences and Biotechnology is included at CAS databases, CrossRef, Google Scholar, Asos İndex.

Ownership and management

The International Society of Academicians has tried to make a practical division between the policy-makers of services/researches and the scientific decision-makers of scholarly materials. In Int J. Life Sci. Biotechnol. opinion, this is an important issue that should not be neglected by the Int J. Life Sci. Biotechnol. management systems; because it can lead to low-quality outputs and deviates the way of science.

International Society of Academicians has 3 major principles in scholarly publishing:
- The independence of Editorial Board members especially the Editor-in-Chief in making scientific decisions;
- Performing appropriate peer-review model for selecting scholarly materials; and
- The structural consistency of published materials help the readers and researchers to recover and use them easily;

International Society of Academicians has tried to resist all parameters which conflict with these principles and also make all the participants of scholarly material production aware of the consequences of deviation from these principles.

The following are guidelines for protecting the responsibility and authority of Editor(s)-in-chief and owners:
- The conditions of the editors-in-chief’s employment, including authority, responsibilities, term of appointment, and mechanisms for resolving conflict, should be explicitly stated and approved by both editor and owners before the editor is appointed.
- Editors-in-chief should have full authority over the editorial content of the journal, generally referred to as "editorial independence." Owners should not interfere in the evaluation, selection, or editing of individual articles, either directly or by creating an environment in which editorial decisions are strongly influenced.
- Editorial decisions should be based mainly on the validity of the work and its importance to readers, not the commercial success of the journal. Editors should be free to express critical but responsible views about all aspects of life sciences and biotechnology without fear of retribution, even if these views might conflict with the commercial goals of the publisher. To maintain this position, editors should seek input from a broad array of advisors, such as reviewers, editorial staff, an editorial board, and readers.
- Editors-in-chief should establish procedures that guard against the influence of commercial and personal self-interest on editorial decisions.
- Owners have the right to hire and fire editors-in-chief, but they should dismiss them only for substantial reasons, such as a pattern of irresponsible editorial decisions, scientific misconduct, disagreement with the long-term editorial direction of the journal, or personal behavior (such as criminal acts), that are incompatible with a position of trust. Furthermore, it is preferable that any evaluation on which hiring or firing is based should be performed by a panel of independent experts, rather than a small number of executives of the owning organization.
- Editors-in-chief should report to the highest governing body of the owning organization, not its administrative officers. Major decisions regarding the editor’s employment should be made by this body with open discussion and time to hear from all interested parties. Some owners have found it useful to appoint an independent board to advise them on major decisions regarding their editor and journal.
- Editors should resist any actions that might compromise these principles in their journals, even if it places their own position at stake. If major transgressions do occur, editors should participate in drawing them to the attention of the international scientific community.

Revenue sources/Advertising/Direct marketing
International Journal of Life Sciences and Biotechnology is financially supported completely by the international Society of Academicians and has no other sources for earning funds. International Journal of Life Sciences and Biotechnology accepts No advertisements on the site or even as a report article.

Web site

The International Journal of Life Sciences and Biotechnology’s Web site, including the text that it contains, shall be demonstrated that care has been taken to ensured high ethical and professional standards.

Redundant Publications

Redundant publications involve the inappropriate division of study outcomes into several articles.


Sanctions

In the event that there are documented violations of any of the above-mentioned policies in any journal, regardless of whether or not the violations occurred in a journal published by IJLSB, the following sanctions will be applied:


Immediate rejection of the infringing manuscript.

Immediate rejection of every other manuscript submitted to any journal published by IJLSB by any of the authors of the infringing manuscript.

The prohibition against all of the authors for any new submissions to any journal published by IJLSB, either individually or in combination with other authors of the infringing manuscript, as well as in combination with any other authors. This prohibition will be imposed for a minimum of 36 months.

Prohibition against all of the authors from serving on the Editorial Board of any journal published by IJLSB.


In cases where the violations of the above policies are found to be particularly egregious, the publisher reserves the right to impose additional sanctions beyond those described above.

“International Journal of Life Sciences and Biotechnology” is an Open Access Journal and does not charge any printing charges from authors, during article delivery, assessment and printing stages.