An updated overview of Campylobacter and campylobacterıosis

Abstract

There is a continuous rise in the incidence of foodborne infections caused by Campylobacter spp., the main causative agent of bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide. Campylobacteriosis, Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli are the most frequently encountered species and pose serious health threats due to their resistance to antimicrobials. Assurance of microbial safety of poultry and cattle, the most important reservoirs of Campylobacter spp., meat and meat products, milk and dairy obtained from these animals, and detection and/or concentration determination of the pathogen both in the farm and in food ready for consumption, mandates required regulatory updates in current legislations. By taking the zoonotic potential of the agent into consideration, in this review article, aetiology, growth and pathogenicity traits; epidemiology and prevalence; pathogenesis and symptoms of the infection; sampling, isolation/enumeration, identification and rapid methods for the detection of the pathogen; treatment of disease and antimicrobial resistance information; and prevention and control requirements and regulatory approach strategies were presented based on data from current literature.

Keywords

• Campylobacter
• Campylobacteriosis
• Cattle
• Public Health
• Poultry

Campylobacter ve campylobacteriosisde güncel değerlendirme

Öz

Dünya genelinde bakteriyel gastroenteritlerin birincil nedeni olan Campylobacter spp.’nin oluşturduğu gıda kaynaklı enfeksiyonların insidansı sürekli bir artış göstermektedir. Campylobacteriosisde, özellikle Campylobacter jejuni ve Campylobacter coli, en sık rastlanılan türler olarak bilinmekte ve antimikrobiyallere gösterdikleri direnç ile halk sağlığını ciddi olarak tehdit etmektedir. Campylobacter spp.’nin en önemli rezervuarları olan kanatlı hayvanlar ve sığırlar ile bu hayvanlardan elde edilen et, süt ve ürünlerinin mikrobiyal güvenilirliğinin sağlanması yönünden patojenin hem çiftlik düzeyinde hem de tüketime sunulan bu gıdalarda tespitinin ve/veya konsantrasyonunun belirlenmesi, yasal düzenlemelerde gerekli güncellemelerin yapılmasını zorunlu kılmaktadır. Etkenin zoonotik potansiyeli göz önünde bulundurularak hazırlanan bu derleme makalesinde, Campylobacter’in etiyoloji, üreme ve patojenite özellikleri; epidemiyoloji ve prevalansı, enfeksiyonun patojenezi ve semptomları; patojenin tespitinde önem arz eden örnekleme, izolasyon/sayım, identifikasyon ve hızlı yöntemler; enfeksiyon tedavisi ve antibiyotik direnç bilgileri ile koruma kontrol gerekl

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Campylobacter
• Campylobacteriosis
• Halk Sağlığı
• Kanatlı hayvan
• Sığır

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