Hasat Öncesi Uygulanan Doğal ve Sentetik Sürgün Gelişimi Engelleyicilerinin Patates (Solanum tuberosum L.)’in Verim ve Depo Kalitesine Etkileri

Year 2021, , 3546 - 3558, 30.12.2021

Fatma Zehra Ok , Arif Şanlı

https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1028651

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Bu çalışma, hasat öncesi uygulanan doğal ve sentetik sürgün gelişimi engelleyicilerinin Alegria ve Desiree patates
çeşitlerinde yumru verimi ile tohumluk yumruların depoda dormansi süresi üzerine etkilerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla,
2018-2019 yıllarında yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada farklı dozlarda dereotu (Anethum graveolens L.), kimyon (Carum carvi
L.), karanfil (Syzygium aromaticum L.) ve nane (Mentha spicata L.) uçucu yağları ile chlorpropham (CIPC) ve maleik
hidrazit (MH) hasattan 30 gün önce bitki yapraklarına uygulanmıştır. Hasat edilen tohumluk yumrular kontrollü şartlarda 5
ay süre ile depolanmış ve 30 gün aralıklarla yumrularda; dormansi süresi, sürgün uzunluğu, ağırlık kaybı ve yumru sertlik
derecesi parametreleri incelenmiştir. Doğal ve sentetik sürgün gelişimi engelleyicileri; patateste vejetasyon süresi ve
toplam yumru verimini önemli derecede etkilemiş ve çeşitlerin uygulamalara tepkisi farklı olmuştur. Çalışmada
uygulamalara bağlı olarak patates çeşitlerinin vejetasyon süreleri 108-157 gün, toplam yumru verimleri ise 1980-4249 kg
da-1 arasında değişmiştir. Uygulamalar yumruların dormansi süresini önemli derecede etkilemiş, her iki çeşitte de en uzun
dormansi süreleri MH ile 1000 ppm karanfil ve 2500 ppm dereotu uçucu yağı uygulamalarında belirlenmiştir. Depolama
devresi sonunda uygulamalara bağlı olarak yumru ağırlık kayıpları %5.32-6.53 arasında değişmiş, CIPC ve karanfil 2500
ppm uygulamaları hariç diğer tüm uygulamalarda ağırlık kayıpları kontrole göre daha düşük olmuştur. Genellikle dormansi
süresini uzatan uygulamalarda sürgün uzunluğu daha kısa olurken, yumru sertlik dereceleri daha yüksek bulunmuştur.
Çalışmada, dormansi süresini uzatan ve ağırlık kayıplarını azaltıcı etki gösteren dereotu ve karanfil uçucu yağlarının hasat
öncesi uygulamalarının tohumluk patates yumrularının depo kayıplarının azaltılması ve fizyolojik yaşlanmanın
geciktirilmesinde kullanılabileceği, bununla birlikte bu uygulamaların farklı dönem ve dozlarda tekrar denenmeleri
gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Keywords

Patates, dormansi süresi, sürgün gelişimi, inhibitör, hasat öncesi uygulama

Supporting Institution

Isparta Uygulamalı Bilimler Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Birimi

Project Number

2019-YL1-0013

Thanks

Bu çalışma, Isparta Uygulamalı Bilimler Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Birimi tarafından “2019-YL1-0013” kodlu proje ile desteklenmiştir.

Effects of Pre-Harvest Application with Natural and Synthetic Sprout Inhibitors on Yield and Storage Quality of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)

Abstract

This study was carried out in 2018-2019 to determine the effects of pre-harvest applications of natural and
synthetic sprout inhibitors on tuber yield and dormancy period of seed tubers (cv. Alegria and Desiree) at storage period.
Different doses of dill (Anethum graveolens L.), caraway (Carum carvi L.), clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.), and
spearmint (Mentha spicata L.) essential oils and chlorpropham (CIPC) and maleic hydrazide (MH) were applied to the
plant leaves at 30 days before harvest. Harvested seed tubers were stored for 5 months under controlled conditions and
dormancy period, sprout length, weight loss and tuber firmness examined at 30-day intervals. All applications significantly
affected the vegetation period and tuber yield in potatoes, and the response of the cultivars to the applications was
different. Vegetation period of varieties ranged between 108-157 days and tuber yields ranged between 1980-4249 kg da-1
depending on the applications. Dormancy period was significantly affected from the applications and the longest dormancy
periods in both cultivars were determined in MH and 1000 ppm clove and 2500 ppm dill essential oil. Tuber weight losses
varied between 5.32-6.53%, and were lower in all applications than the control, except for CIPC and 2500 ppm clove applications. Generally, sprout length was shorter in applications which extended the dormancy period, while tuber firmness were higher. It was concluded that pre-harvest applications of dill and clove essential oils, which prolong
dormancy and reduce weight loss, can be used to reduce storage losses of seed potato tubers and delay physiological aging,
however, these applications should be tried again at different periods and doses.

Keywords

Potato, dormancy period, sprouting, inhibitor, pre-harvest application

Project Number

2019-YL1-0013

References

• Abeygunawardena DVW, Caesar K, De Vaz, CR, 1964. Factors Affecting Storage Losses and the Dormancy Period of Potato, http//www.goviya.lk/agri_learning/potato/research/shashya/pdf/Ag 12.pdf.
• Afek U, Orenstein J, Nuriel E, 2000. Using the Tabor Atomizer System to Maintain Weight and Firmness in Stored Potato Tubers. American Journal of Potato Research, 77: 203-205.
• Anonim, 2014. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu Merkezi Dağıtım Sistemi, Https://Biruni.Tuik.Gov.Tr/Medas/?Kn=104& Locale (Son Erişim Tarihi:25.03.2020).
• Anonim, 2020. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu, Tedarik Sektörü Kayıtları, Www.Tuik.Gov.Tr (Son Erişim Tarihi: 22.05.2020).
• Anonim. 2019. Kaynak: Devlet Meteoroloji Müdürlüğü, (Son Erişim Tarihi: 22.05.2020).
• Baydar H, Altındal D, Karadoğan T, 2009. Patateste Sürgün Gelişimi Üzerine Uçucu Yağların Etkisi. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 13 (2): 137-141.
• Chourasia MK, Goswami TK, 2009. Efficent Desing, Operation, Maintenaence and Management of Cold Storage. Journal of Biological Sciences, 1(1): 70-93.
• De Oliveira MS, da Costa WA, Pereira DS, Botelho JRS, de Alencar Menezes TO, de Aguiar Andrade EH, da Silva SHM, da Silva Sousa Filho AP, de Carvalho Junior RN, 2016. Chemical Composition and Phytotoxic Activity of Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) Essential Oil Obtained with Supercritical CO2. The Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 118: 185–193.
• Elsadr H, Waterer D, 2005. Efficacy of Natural Compounds to Suppress Sprouting and Fusarium Dry Rot in Potatoes, Www.Usask.Ca/Agriculture/Plantsci/Vegetable (Son Erişim Tarihi: 22.03.2020).
• Gomez D, Bobo G, Arroqui C, Virseda P, 2010. Essential Oils As Sprouting İnhibitor on Potatoes Tuber. International Conference on Food Innovation, pp. 1-4, Spain.
• Harper, 2019. Efficacy of Sprout Suppressants Either Alone or in Combination to Control Sprouting of Potato. Agriculture and Horticulture Development, Report No. 2019/1.
• Hartmans KJ, Diepenhorst P, Bakker W, Gorris LGM, 1995. The Use of Karvon in Agriculture, Sprout Suppression of Potatoes and Antifungal Activity Against Potato Tuber and Other Plant Diseases. In, W.J.M. Meijer (Editor), Applications, Properties And Production of S-(+)- Karvon From Caraway. Ind. Crops Prod., 4: 3-13.
• Kaul HN, Mehta A, 1994. Foliar Application of Maleic Hydrazide for Improving Storability of Potatoes Under High Temperature Storage Conditions. Journal of Food Science and Technology (Mysore), 31(6): 514-516.
• Kaur A, Singh N, Ezekiel R, 2007. Quality Parameters of Potato Chips From Different Potato Cultivars, Effect of Prior Storage and Frying Temperatures. Int. J. Food Prop., 11(4): 791-803.
• Kersholt RPV, Ree CM, Moll HC, 1997. Environmental Life Cycle Analysis of Potato Sprouth İnhibitors. Industrial Crops And Products, 6: 187-194.
• Kılıç M, 2016. Gibberellik Asit ve Maleik Hidrazit Uygulamalarının Patates (Solanum Tuberosum L.)’te Yumru Verimi ve Dormansi Süresi Üzerine Etkileri, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi (Basılmış).
• Kleinkopf GE, Brandt TL, Frazier MJ, Möller G, 1997. CIPC Residues on Stored Russet Burbank Potatoes, I. Maximum Label Application. American Potato Journal, 74: 107-117.
• Kleinkopf GE, Ober NA, Olsen NL, 2003. Sprout İnhibition in Storage, Current Status, New Chemistries and Natural Compounds. Am. J. Of Potato Res., 80: 317-327.
• Lu Z, Donner E, Yada RY, Liu Q, 2011. Impact of γ-irradiation, CIPC Treatment, and Storage Conditions on Physicochemical and Nutritional Properties of Potato Starches. Food Chemistry, 133(4): 1188-1195.
• Mehta A, Ezekiel R, 2003. Evaluation of Non-Refrigerated Storage Methods for Short Term on-Farm Storage of Potatoes. J. Indian Potato Assoc., 30: 291–300.
• Mehta A, Singh B, Ezekiel R, Kumar D, 2010. Effect of CIPC on Sprout İnhibition and Processing Quality of Potatoes Stored Under Traditional Storage Systems in India. Potato Research, 53: 1-15.
• Nehal S, El-Mougy N, 2009. Effect of Some Essential Oils for Limiting Early Blight (Alternaria Solani) Development in Potato Field. Department of Plant Pathology, 49: 57-62.
• Özcan S, Şanlı A, Ok FZ, 2019. Determination of Storage Responses and Quality Changes of Some Potato Solanum Tuberosum Cultivars During Storage. Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology, 7(2): 59–66.
• Pinhero R, Coffin, R, Yada RY, 2009. Post-Harvest Storage of Potatoes. In, Singh, J., Kaur, L., (eds.) Advances in Potato Chemistry and Technology. Academic Press, pp. 339–370.
• Raghami N, 2009. Distinction of Defected Potatoes Via Ultrasonic. (M.SC. Thesis, Shahrekord Universty).
• Reuveni M, Neifeld D, Dayan D, Kotzer Y, 2009. BM-608 a Novel Organic Product Based on Essential Tea Tree Oil for the Control of Fungal Diseases in Tomato. Acta Horticulturae, 808: 129-132.
• Silva MCE, Galhano CIC, Moreira D, Silva AMG, 2007. A New Sprout İnhibitor of Potato Tuber Based on Carvone/B-Cyclodextrin İnclusion Compound. Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry, 57: 121-124.
• Singh G, Kapoor IPS, Pandey SK, 2009. Studies on Essential Oils. Part 7. Natural Sprout İnhibitors for Potatoes. Pesticide Research Journal, 9: 121-124.
• Song X, Bandara M, Nash B, Tanino KK, Thomson J, Pond J, Wahap J, 2009. Use of Essential Oils in Sprout Suppression and Disease Control in Potato Storage. Global Science Books, 95-101.
• Song X, Neeser C, Bandara M, Tanino KK, 2004. Using Essential Oils As Sprout İnhibitors and Their Effects on Potato Seed Tubers Performance, Www.Agbio.Ca/Docs/Plant%20Canada%2 02007%20posterxin%20 Song.Pdf (Son Erişim Tarihi, 14.04.2020).
• Stokłosa A, Matraszek R, Isman MB, Upadhyaya MK, 2012. Phytotoxic Activity of Clove Oil, İts Constituents, and its Modification By Light İntensity in Broccoli and Common Lambsquarters (Chenopodium album). Weed Science, 60: 607–611.
• Suhag M, Nehra BK, Singh N, Khurana SC, 2006. Storage Behavior of Potato Under Ambient Condition Affected By Curing and Crop Duration. Haryana Journal Of Horticultural Sciences, 35:357-360.
• Şanlı A, 2012. Depo Koşullarında Patates (Solanum Tuberosum L.) Yumrularının Sürmesi Üzerine Karvon İçeren Uçucu Yağların Etkisi, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Doktora Tezi (Basılmış).
• Şanlı A, Karadoğan T, 2019. Carvone Containing Essential Oils As Sprout Suppressants in Potato Solanum Tuberosum Tubers at Different Storage Temperatures. Potato Research, 62 (3): 345–360.
• Şanlı A, Karadoğan T, Tonguç M, Baydar H, 2010. Effects of Caraway (Carum Carvi L.) Seed on Sprouting of Potato (Solanum Tuberosum L.) Tubers Under Different Temperature Conditions. Turkish Journal Of Field Crops, 15 (1): 54-58.
• Tasiu I, 2019. Stress and Defense Responses in Plant Secondary Metabolites Production. Biological Research, vol.52 Santiago.
• Wiltshire JJJ, Cobb AH, 1996. A Review of The Physiology of Potato Tuber Dormancy. Annals of Applied Biology, 129: 553-569.