Nutrient Composition and Functional Properties of Black Elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.)

Abstract

Black elderberry (Sambucus nigra) is a plant species in the Adoxaceae family and native to Europe, Asia, North Africa and the USA. Black elderberry plant has the round-shaped, purple-black colored, 3-5 seeded, small fruits. The chemical structure of Sambucus species consists of major compounds, flavonoids, phenolic acids, anthocyanidols, triterpenes, lectins, cyanogenic heterosides and essential oils. Elderberry species contain significant amounts of lectins. Elderberry fruits show high antioxidant activity with rich anthocyanin content. It has therapeutic effects against many diseases like cold, flu, cancer, diabetes in human health, thanks to its antioxidant activity. In addition to its antioxidant properties; It also shows various activities such as antiviral, antidepressant, anti-inflammatory, and anticarcinogenic. Black elderberry, with all those properties, is a plant that has the potential to make an important contribution to the enrichment and/or development of modern food and medicinal products. This article reviews the studies on the nutritional content and functional properties of black elderberry fruit and aims to shed light on future studies.

Keywords

• Sambucus nigra
• Black elderberry
• lectin
• anthocyanin
• antioxidant

Kara Mürverin (Sambucus nigra L.) Besinsel İçeriği ve Fonksiyonel Özellikleri

Abstract

Kara mürver (Sambucus nigra) Adoxaceae familyasında, Avrupa, Asya, Kuzey Afrika ve ABD’ye özgü bir bitki türüdür. Kara mürver bitkisi; yuvarlak şekilli, mor-siyah renkli, 3-5 çekirdekli, küçük meyvelere sahiptir. Sambucus türlerinin kimyasal yapısını; majör bileşikler, flavonoidler, fenolik asitler, antosiyanidoller, triterpenler, lektinler, siyanojenik heterozitler ve uçucu yağlar oluşturmaktadır. Mürver türleri önemli miktarda lektin içermektedirler. Mürver meyveleri zengin antosiyanin içerikleri ile yüksek antioksidan aktivite göstermektedir. Antioksidan aktivitesi sayesinde insan sağlığında soğuk algınlığı, grip, kanser, diyabet gibi birçok hastalığa karşı terapötik etkiye sahiptir. Antioksidan özelliğinin yanı sıra; antiviral, antidepresan, antienflamatuvar ve antikarsinojenik gibi çeşitli aktiviteler de göstermektedir. Kara mürver, tüm bu özellikleri ile modern gıda ve tıbbi ürünlerin zenginleştirilmesi ve/veya geliştirilmesinde önemli katkı sağlayabilme potansiyeline sahip bir bitkidir. Bu makale kara mürver meyvesinin besinsel içeriği ve fonksiyonel özellikleri ile ilgili yapılan çalışmaları derlemektedir ve gelecekte yapılabilecek çalışmalara ışık tutmayı amaçlamaktadır.

Keywords

• Kara mürver
• Sambucus nigra
• lektin
• antosiyanin
• antioksidan

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