Research Article

On the Regularity and Sampling Behavior of the Median Interindividual Difference

Number: 13 June 29, 2026
TR EN

On the Regularity and Sampling Behavior of the Median Interindividual Difference

Abstract

The Median Interindividual Difference (MEID), defined as the median of all positive pairwise differences within a sample, has been proposed as an absolute measure of variability with both asymptotic and bootstrap procedures for interval estimation; however, its finite-sample behavior requires further evaluation. This Monte Carlo simulation examined whether bootstrap and asymptotic approaches show comparable performance in terms of standard errors and confidence interval widths, and whether the sampling distribution of the MEID converges to normality under different distributional conditions. For each of 65 conditions (13 sample sizes × 5 distributions), 1000 samples were generated. Within each condition, mean Wald-type and bootstrap confidence interval widths and log-transformed standard errors were compared using paired t-tests; equality of variability was assessed with the Pitman–Morgan test, and normality of bootstrap-generated sampling distributions was evaluated using the Shapiro–Francia test. Results did not support overall equivalence between asymptotic and bootstrap inference. Practical equivalence emerged under approximately regular continuous distributions and large samples, whereas discrepancies persisted under strong asymmetry. In discrete distributions, the MEID converged to a constant as the sample size increased, resulting in near-zero bootstrap variability and limiting the practical usefulness of certain resampling-based confidence interval procedures. Convergence toward normality occurred only in continuous settings and increased with sample size. These findings delineate the conditions under which the MEID yields stable, interpretable inference.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

This study was fully funded by the author’s personal resources. The author is affiliated with the School of Psychology, UANL, Mexico.

Ethical Statement

Since this study was based entirely on simulated data with no identifiable content and did not involve human participants, biological samples, or empirical experimental procedures, no ethical issues were implicated. As a methodological simulation study, it did not require review or approval from an Ethics Committee

Thanks

The author thanks the reviewers and the editor for their valuable comments and suggestions, which substantially improved the quality of the manuscript.

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Biostatistics, Probability Theory, Statistics (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

June 29, 2026

Submission Date

March 1, 2026

Acceptance Date

June 28, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Number: 13

APA
Moral De La Rubia, J. (2026). On the Regularity and Sampling Behavior of the Median Interindividual Difference. Journal of Statistics and Applied Sciences, 13. https://doi.org/10.52693/jsas.1900569
AMA
1.Moral De La Rubia J. On the Regularity and Sampling Behavior of the Median Interindividual Difference. JSAS. 2026;(13). doi:10.52693/jsas.1900569
Chicago
Moral De La Rubia, Jose. 2026. “On the Regularity and Sampling Behavior of the Median Interindividual Difference”. Journal of Statistics and Applied Sciences, nos. 13. https://doi.org/10.52693/jsas.1900569.
EndNote
Moral De La Rubia J (June 1, 2026) On the Regularity and Sampling Behavior of the Median Interindividual Difference. Journal of Statistics and Applied Sciences 13
IEEE
[1]J. Moral De La Rubia, “On the Regularity and Sampling Behavior of the Median Interindividual Difference”, JSAS, no. 13, June 2026, doi: 10.52693/jsas.1900569.
ISNAD
Moral De La Rubia, Jose. “On the Regularity and Sampling Behavior of the Median Interindividual Difference”. Journal of Statistics and Applied Sciences. 13 (June 1, 2026). https://doi.org/10.52693/jsas.1900569.
JAMA
1.Moral De La Rubia J. On the Regularity and Sampling Behavior of the Median Interindividual Difference. JSAS. 2026. doi:10.52693/jsas.1900569.
MLA
Moral De La Rubia, Jose. “On the Regularity and Sampling Behavior of the Median Interindividual Difference”. Journal of Statistics and Applied Sciences, no. 13, June 2026, doi:10.52693/jsas.1900569.
Vancouver
1.Jose Moral De La Rubia. On the Regularity and Sampling Behavior of the Median Interindividual Difference. JSAS. 2026 Jun. 1;(13). doi:10.52693/jsas.1900569