Weighted Criteria Analysis in Hydroelectric Energy Production: A Hybrid Fuzzy Entropy and Network-Based MCDM Model

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An ethics committee approval must be obtained for research conducted in all disciplines and for clinical and experimental studies on humans and animals, requiring ethical committee decision, and this approval should be stated and documented in the article.
 

Introduction

The Black Sea Journal of Sciences is a peer-reviewed national journal that is published six months period by the Institute of Natural Sciences at Giresun University. The aim of the journal is to release scientific and technological research to scientists, specialists, and the general public both at home and abroad.

The page structure of the paper should be A4 size (210x297mm) and all margins should be 2 cm. Both Turkish and English titles should be appropriate for the topic of the paper, should describe the purpose of the paper and its conclusion and should be short and simple. The title of the paper should be in bold, with initials large and centered and 14 pt Times New Roman font. The Turkish title in the English papers should be given before the Turkish abstract. Author names are written side by side under the heading, without abbreviation (surnames in capital letters). Abbreviations should not be used in addresses. Numerical overhead indices should be used for authors with different addresses. Names of the authors should be Times New Roman 12 pt. and addresses should be Times New Roman 10 pt and flat. Appellations should not be written before names. In addition, the corresponding author's e-mail address should be written in 10 pt Times New Roman font in Corresponding Author.

The main text should be typed in Times New Roman font with a font size of 12 pt and lines spacing of 1.5. Main headings should be numbered and written in bold, and the initial letter of each word within the heading should be capitalized. A single 1.5-sized line spacing should be left underneath each main heading. A single line spacing should also be left between the heading and the text preceding it. Paragraphs should be indented by 1 cm. Spacing should not be left between paragraphs.

An adequate number of academic/scientific literature relating to the research in question, as well the overall aims of the research should be provided and emphasized within this section. Here, one should avoid detailed examining the literature as well as should avoid summarizing any results.

 Materials and Methods
 

Materials and methodology used in the conducting of the research need to be described in detail in this section.

Sub-Headings

This may include sub-headings within/under main headings.

Figures, Tables, and Equations

Figures can entail graphics, diagrams, photographs, illustrations, and/or maps. Figure descriptions should be written at the bottom of or below the figure(s), and should be legible. A single line space should be left between the figure and the text preceding it. Figure descriptions should be typed in a point-size of 11, as well as should be referenced. Giresun University is shown in Figure 1.

Tables preferably should be open framed. Table descriptions should be written at the top of or above table. Both the table and the table description should be aligned on the left of the page. A single line space should be left between the table and the text preceding it. Table descriptions preferably should be single-spaced and written in either 11 or 10 pt font, as well as should be referenced.

Equations—where needed—should be numbered from 1 and onwards. Equations are written starting with/following the paragraph. The equation number should be placed on the right edge. A single line spacing should be left between the equation and both the preceding as well as subsequent text. Equations should not be presented in the format of an image, but rather should be created using Microsoft Word’s Equation Editor 

 

Findings and Discussion

The results of as well as the findings obtained from the research in question are provided in this section. Here, one can compare and contrast the obtained findings with other relevant academic/scientific literature.

Conclusions and Recommendations

The conclusions of the results obtained from the research in question are given in this section. Here, one can provide readers with suggestions and personal comments.

Acknowledgements

This section is where one can acknowledge and thank the individuals and/or institutions who helped with and supported the author(s) with her/his/their research.

References

The references should be typed in Times New Roman font with a size of 11 pt font in single line spacing. Bibliographic resources should be arranged in alphabetical order according to the surname(s) of the author(s), and should be written starting from the left corner margin of the page. References to citations within the text should include the author’s surname and the year of publication in parenthesis: (Surname, 2017), (Surname and Surname, 2017). In situations whereby a citation reference involves more than two authors, the abbreviation “et al.” is to be written after the first author’s surname: (Surname et al., 2017). In case of citing more than one resource, surnames and dates are to be separated using semicolons: (Surname, 2017; Surname and Surname, 2017). References should be prepared according to APA (American Psychological Association) Style format. Examples are given below.

Periodicals:

Surname, A., Surname, B. B., and Surname, C., (2017). Title of the Published Paper. Name of the Journal that the Paper is Featured/Published in, 7(1), 1-12.

Harlow, H. F. (1983). Fundamentals for preparing psychology journal articles. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 55, 893-896.

Kernis, M. H., Cornell, D. P., Sun, C. R., Berry, A., Harlow, T., and Bach, J. S. (1993). There's more to self-esteem than whether it is high or low: The importance of stability of self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65, 1190-1204.

Scruton, R. (1996). The eclipse of listening. The New Criterion, 15(3), 5-13.

Henry, W. A., III. (1990, April 9). Making the grade in today's schools. Time, 135, 28-31.

Schultz, S. (2005, December 28). Calls made to strengthen state energy policies. The Country Today, pp. 1A, 2A.

Moller, G. (2002, August). Ripples versus rumbles [Letter to the editor]. Scientific American, 287(2), 12.

Baumeister, R. F. (1993). Exposing the self-knowledge myth [Review of the book The self-knower: A hero under control, by R. A. Wicklund and M. Eckert]. Contemporary Psychology, 38, 466-467.

Brownlie, D. (2007). Toward effective poster presentations: An annotated bibliography. European Journal of Marketing, 41, 1245-1283. doi:10.1108/03090560710821161

Wooldridge, M. B., and Shapka, J. (2012). Playing with technology: Mother-toddler interaction scores lower during play with electronic toys. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 33(5), 211-218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.appdev.2012.05.005

Kenneth, I. A. (2000). A Buddhist response to the nature of human rights. Journal of Buddhist Ethics, 8. Retrieved from http://www.cac.psu.edu/jbe/twocont.html

Smyth, A. M., Parker, A. L., and Pease, D. L. (2002). A study of enjoyment of peas. Journal of Abnormal Eating, 8(3), 120-125. Retrieved from 

http://www.articlehomepage.com/full/url/

Books:

Surname, A. A., (2017). Book title. Location of where the book was published: Publisher.

Mayer, D. (2010). Essential evidence-based medicine (2nd ed.). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

Glasgow, N. A., McNary, S. J., and Hicks, C. D. (2006). What successful teachers do in diverse classrooms. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press.

Calfee, R. C., and Valencia, R. R. (1991). APA guide to preparing manuscripts for journal publication. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

Duncan, G. J., and Brooks-Gunn, J. (Eds.). (1997). Consequences of growing up poor. New York, NY: Russell Sage Foundation.

Plath, S. (2000). The unabridged journals. K. V. Kukil (Ed.). New York, NY: Anchor.

Laplace, P. S. (1951). A philosophical essay on probabilities. (F. W. Truscott and F. L. Emory, Trans.). New York, NY: Dover. (Original work published 1814)

Helfer, M. E., Kempe, R. S., and Krugman, R. D. (1997). The battered child (5th ed.). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.

O'Neil, J. M., and Egan, J. (1992). Men's and women's gender role journeys: A metaphor for healing, transition, and transformation. In B. R. Wainrib (Ed.), Gender issues across the life cycle (pp. 107-123). New York, NY: Springer.

Wiener, P. (Ed.). (1973). Dictionary of the history of ideas (Vols. 1-4). New York, NY: Scribner's.

Symposiums, Congresses, Presentations:

Surname, A., Surname, B. B., and Surname, C., (2017, Month). Title of the Published Presentation. Name of the Symphosium, Congress, Meeting or Conference that the Presentation was delivered at. (pp. 1-12). City: University or Institution (If available).

Schnase, J. L., and Cunnius, E. L. (Eds.). (1995). Proceedings from CSCL '95: The First International Conference on Computer Support for Collaborative Learning. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.

Armstrong, D. B., Fogarty, G. J., and Dingsdag, D. (2007). Scales measuring characteristics of small business information systems. In W-G. Tan (Ed.), Proceedings of Research, Relevance and Rigour: Coming of age: 18th Australasian Conference on Information Systems (pp. 163-171). Toowoomba, Australia: University of Southern Queensland.

Green, D. B. and DeSilva, A. (2015, June). The toxicity levels of household chemicals. Paper presented at the National Symposium on Air Pollution, University of Southern California, California.

Taylor, J. A. (2006, November). Assessment: a tool for development and engagement in the first year of university study. Paper presented at the Engaging Students: 9th Pacific Rim in Higher Education (FYHE) Conference, Griffith, Australia. Retrieved from http://www.fyhe.com.au/past_papers/2006/Papers/Taylor.pdf

Theses and Dissertations:

Surname, A. A., (2017). Title of the Graduate or Doctoral Thesis/Dissertations. Graduate Thesis, Giresun University, Institute of Natural Sciences, Giresun.

Yoshida, Y. (2001). Essays in urban transportation. Dissertation Abstracts International, 62, 7741A.

Considine, M. (1986). Australian insurance politics in the 1970s: Two case studies. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.

Kassover,A. (1987). Treatment of abusive males: Voluntary vs. court-mandated referrals (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Nova University, Fort Lauderdale, FL.

Biswas, S. (2008). Dopamine D3 receptor: A neuroprotective treatment target in Parkinson's disease. Retrieved from ProQuest Digital Dissertations. (AAT 3295214)

Cooley, T. (2009). Design, development, and implementation of a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN): The Hartford Job Corps Academy case study (Doctoral dissertation). Available from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 3344745)

Adams, R. J. (1973). Building a foundation for evaluation of instruction in higher education and continuing education (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/

Other Resources:

Bergmann, P. G. (1993). Relativity. In The New Encyclopedia Britannica. (Vol. 26, pp. 501-508). Chicago, IL: Encyclopedia Britannica.

Bernstein, M. (2002). 10 tips on writing the living Web. A List Apart: For People Who Make Websites, 149. Retrieved from http://www.alistapart.com/articles/writeliving

Hallam, A. Duality in consumer theory [PDF document]. Retrieved from Lecture Notes Online Web site: http://www.econ.iastate.edu/classes/econ501/Hallam/index.html

URL-1: http://www.giresun.edu.tr, (Date Accessed: 22 Mart 2017).

Authors should prepare their papers in accordance with the editorial writing guidelines of our journal.
 

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The Black Sea Journal of Sciences is a peer-reviewed academic journal that is published four times a year in March, June, September and December.

 Prospective papers are expected to fill a gap in their respective field through innovative research.

Our journal employs a bilateral blind review system in which the personal identities of the reviewers and authors are kept confidentialed from one another, and whereby the parties involved are expected not to reveal themselves. With this objective in mind, parties submitting the file in question to the system such as the author, editor, and/or reviewer must handle the uploading of those files to the system with utmost care and attention.

The publishing team first examines (the) prospective papers in accordance with the criteria of the journal’s scope, as well as for scientific content and format. After the pre-review step, the papers are forwarded to at least two reviewers for evaluation. In order for a paper to be accepted, it must receive positive evaluations from both reviewers. Papers can be requested to be reviewed again if needed and evaluation of a third reviewer should necessity warrant it. The final decision is made by the editor.

Papers that are to be submitted for publishing are first controlled using special detection software in order to verify that they have not been previously published elsewhere, as well as to ensure that they do not include any plagiarized content.

Publishing takes between 2 to 6 months from the acceptance date.

The publishing or evaluation of manuscripts are free of charge.

KFBD sign on to the Budapest Open Access Initiative (BOAI), which promotes free access to research literature, and has adopted the Open Access Principles that clarified in this initiative.

The Black Sea Journal of Sciences is an open access journal which means that all content is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles in this journal without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This is in accordance with the BOAI definition of open access.

Academic research submitted to our journal is run through plagiarism detection software in order to check for any possible plagiarized content. Authors are expected as they declare that their work do not include any plagiarism. A report regarding this issue is sent to the authors.

The publishing or evaluation of manuscripts are free of charge.

This journal makes use of the LOCKSS system, which allows participating libraries to create a distributed digital archiving system, as well as allowing libraries to develop permanent archives for the purposes of protection and restoration.

 An author’s paper is entitled to copyright protection, and is to give her/his copyright to the journal upon its first initial publishing. One’s paper is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which enables it to be shared by others via permission from the author as well according to the terms and conditions laid out by this journal upon (the paper’s) first initial publishing.

The author is entitled to have a separate contract drawn up in which allows for her/his paper as it is published in our journal to be distributed without providing full authorisation (e.g., a paper’s being sent to the databank of an institution, or for its being published in a book, etc.)

 Authors are encouraged to share their share their papers via the internet either before they submit their work to our journal or as they wait through the submission process (e.g., to an institutional database or via their own personal websites, etc.). In doing so, this allows both for a fruitful exchange of ideas and feedback, as well as allows for the paper to be earlier as well as more widely referenced (see: The Effects of Open Access).

RESPONSIBILITIES OF EDITORS AND THE EDITORIAL BOARD

All editors of The Black Sea Journal of Sciences are independent in their evaluations and decisions in the journal. No external and/or internal factor can affect their decisions. If the editors are exposed to any kind of positive and/or negative constraints, they keep the right to take legal action against those involved in the constraint. On the other hand, editors are responsible for their decisions in the journal. The editor-in-chief is the only person responsible for journal content and on-time publishing. 

Editors and members of the Editorial Board of the journal are forbidden to share submitted materials with third parties other than section editors, statistical editors, Language editors, copy editors, design editors and referees when needed, and to use the submitted materials themselves. If there is a conflict of interest among an editor and an author or institution of the author in terms of cooperation or competition, then another member of the Editorial board is assigned to manage the evaluation process.

Editors provide peer review of submitted manuscripts by assigning at least two reviewers expert in the field. Editor-in-chief is responsible in decision of publishing a manuscript considering the importance of the manuscripts for researchers and readers, reviewer reports, plagiarism and copyright infringement as legal issues. Editor-in-chief can discuss with other editors and reviewers for his/her decision.

RESPONSIBILITIES OF REVIEWERS

Peer-reviewing of a submitted manuscript is the control of its scientific content, scientific layout and suitability according to the principles of the journal, and delivery of the reviewer opinion for unsuitable manuscript content to ensure suitability. The reviewing process not only enables reviewers to forward their evaluations about the manuscripts to the editors but also give them the opportunity to improve the contents of the manuscripts.

If a reviewer assigned for evaluation of a manuscript is of expert of a field of science other than the manuscript content, is far to the subject of the manuscript, is short of time for evaluation or possess a conflict of interest, then he/she should inform the assigning editor and ask his/her withdrawal. If the content of the manuscript fits the expertise field of the reviewer, then he/she should complete the evaluation and send the report to the editor as soon as possible.

Reviewers should construct their criticisms on a scientific background and include scientific evidences in their statements. All comments raised by the reviewers to improve the manuscripts should be clear and direct and written in a manner far away from disturbing author feelings. Insulting and derogatory statements should be avoided.

Reviewers should determine quotations in the manuscripts used without citing a reference. Statements, observations, conclusions or evidences in published articles should be quoted with the citation of the related reference. Reviewers should also be sure about the reality of presence of quotations in the cited reference(s).

If a reviewer is in a situation by being involved in one or more interests with the author(s), he/she should inform the editor the assigning editor and ask his/her withdrawal. 

RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE AUTHORS

Authors of original research articles should present the results and discuss on them in a proper way. Since the methodological contents of the articles should be reproducible, the authors should be clear in their statements and should not purposely report wrong or missing data. 

Authors may be asked to present their Raw data when needed (ethical cases etc.). Therefore, raw data of the manuscripts should be kept in safety to present if needed. The storage period of raw data following publications should be at least 10 years.

The authors of submitted manuscripts should be sure that their manuscripts are original or include cited references for quotations. 

It is not an approved way to produce more than one publication reporting on the same research. The authors should pay attention to such cases and they should not submit the same manuscript to different journals simultaneously. 

Only the following persons should be included in the manuscripts as responsible authors:

1) Researchers providing major contribution to concept, design, performing, data collection and/or analysis in a study,

2) Researchers involved in preparation or critical revision of manuscripts,

3) Researchers approved the latest version of the manuscripts and accepted its submission.

Contributors other than the above list (technical assistance, helpers in writing and editing, general contributions etc.) should not be involved in the authors list but can be listed in acknowledgments section. The corresponding authors of manuscripts should provide the separate listing of contributors as authors and those to be involved in acknowledgments section.

Authors should clearly declare any kind of conflict of interests in their manuscripts. Absence of conflict of interests about the topic of the manuscripts should also be declared. The most common types of conflict of interests are financial supports, education or other types of funds, personal or institutional relations and affiliations. All sources of financial supports (with their grant or other reference numbers) of the studies should be declared.

Authors should not use personally obtained information (conversations, correspondences or discussions with bystanders) unless they have the permission of their sources. Information about private documents or refereeing of grant applications should not be used without the permission of the authorities providing the related service. 

Authors are obliged to be involved in the peer review process and should cooperate by responding raw data, evidence for ethical approvals, patient approvals and copyright release form requests of editors and their explanations. Authors should respond either in positive or a negative way to revision suggestions generated by the peer review process. They should be sure to include their counter views in their negative responses.

Authors should contact with the journal editor or the publisher for an erratum when they notice an important error or mistake in their published manuscripts. If the editor notices the error, he/she starts the process about erratum on or withdrawal of the published manuscripts.