The relationship between acculturation types enculturation stress and collective self-perceptions students of Syrian refugees in Turkey

Abstract

Migration occurs when individuals move from one society to another. During this process, they undergo various stressors, including general stress and cultural stress, as they adapt to a new culture. The adaptation to this new culture, including both the individual's original cultural background and the new cultural elements they adopt, is termed acculturation. Acculturation involves several processes: integration, assimilation, separation, and marginalization. This research aims to examine whether the acculturation preferences of Syrian refugee students under temporary protection can be predicted by perceived stress, acculturation stress, and collective self-esteem. To achieve this, a stepwise regression model was developed and tested. Data was collected using a Personal Information Form, Acculturation Stress Scale, Perceived Stress Scale, and Collective Self-Esteem Scale. The study group comprised 282 individuals, including 127 girls and 155 boys, who migrated from Syria to Turkey at different times and are currently pursuing formal education. The results of the stepwise regression analysis indicated that collective self-esteem, acculturation stress, and perceived stress were predictors of separation and assimilation but did not predict integration and marginalization.

Keywords

• migration
• cultivation
• harmony
• stress

Türkiye'deki Suriyeli mülteci öğrencilerin kültürleşme türleri kültürleşme stresi ile kolektif benlik algıları arasındaki ilişki

Öz

Göç, bir toplumun göç alması ve diğer toplumun da göç vermesi şeklinde oluşan insan hareketine verilen isimdir. Göç eden bireyler yeni kültüre uyum süreci içerisindeyken, genel stres ve kültürel stres yaşarlar. Ayrıca bireylerin sahip olduğu kolektif benlik saygısı yeni kültüre uyum sürecinde etkilidir. Yeni kültüre uyum sürecinde, bireyin sahip olduğu kültür ve yeni kültürü edinme sürecinde oluşan kültürel yapılar kültürleşme olarak adlandırılır. Kültürleşme süreçleri bütünleşme, asimilasyon, ayrılma ve majinalleşme’den oluşmaktadır. Bu araştırmanın genel amacı: geçici koruma altına alınmış Suriyeli mülteci öğrencilerin, kültürleşme tercihlerinin, algılanan stres, kültürleşme stresi ve kolektif benlik saygısı tarafından yordayıp yordamadığını araştırmaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda adımsal regresyon modeli oluşturulup test edilmiştir.Verilerin toplanmasında: Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Kültürleşme Stresi Ölçeği, Algılan Stres Ölçeği, Kolektif Benlik Saygısı Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırma grubu Suriye’den Türkiye’ye farklı yıllarda göç ederek gelen ve örgün olarak eğitim hayatlarına devam eden, 127 kız ve 155 erkek, toplam 282 kişiden oluşmaktadır. Katılımcıların yaş aralığı 11-18 olarak değişmektedir. Yapılan Adımsal regresyon analizi sonucunda kolektif benlik saygısı, kültürleşme stresi ve algılanan stresin, ayrılmayı ve asimilasyonu yordadığı ancak bütünleşme ve marjinalleşmeyi yordamadığı bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• göç
• kültür
• uyum
• stres

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