Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Bilbo’s hero’s journey through the scope of Campbell’s monomyth

Year 2019, Issue: 17, 639 - 650, 21.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.659362

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to discuss how J.R.R Tolkien formulated the journey of a hero in his novel “The Hobbit or There and Back Again”. The article is aimed at explaining Bilbo’s journey through the scope of Joseph Campbell’s monomyth. The reader is provided with information that helped Tolkien’s work to become successful. In his work, Campbell argues that the events experienced by a mythological, literary or modern hero/person are not usually individual and that these are experienced by others in similar patterns. These similar experiences are presented in an adventurous journey that allows the hero to leave his usual environment, rediscover himself and return to his former life. In addition, it has been discussed with the archetypes of Carl Jung that the character, which is studied, is not unique heroes. While examining the work, it is tried to determine which archetypes Bilbo fits or which archetypes he evolves. Tolkien, in “The Hobbit or There and Back Again”, points out the importance of spiritual and material world. He draws attention to the fact that the courage of a little fellow in a wide world might be for the benefit of the rest. By choosing a hobbit as a protagonist he aims at showing the significance of an insignificant person might be greater. On a larger scale, Tolkien aims at attacking prejudices of humanity.

References

  • Arslan, M. (2015). 'There and Back Again': The Quest and Self-Discovery in J.R.R. Tolkien's The Hobbit. Journal of History Culture and Art Research, 136-143. Bloom, H. (2009). The Hero's Journey. United States of America: Infobase Publishing. Campbell, J. (2003). The Hero's Journey - Joseph Campbell on His Life and Work. California: New World Library. Campbell, J. (2004). The Hero with a Thousand Faces. New Jersey: Princeton University Press. Chance, J. (2001). Tolkien's Art. Kentucky: University Press of Kentucky. Clark, G. (2008). J.R.R. Tolkien and the True Hero. In Bloom's Modern Critical Views: J.R.R. Tolkien (pp. 43-58). New York: Infobase Publishing. Coelho, P. (1999). Veronica Decides to Die. New York: Harper Collins. Eliade, M. (1963). Myth and Reality. New York: Harper and Row. Golban, T. (2014). Rewriting the Hero and the Quest. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang GmbH. Green, W. H. (1994). The Hobbit: A Journey into Maturity. New York: Twayne Publishers. Grenby, M. (2008). Children's Literarture. Edinburg: Edinburg University Press. Jones, R. A. (2003). Jung’s View on Myth and Post-modern Psychology. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 48, 619-628. Jung, C. G. (1969). The Archetypes and the Collective Unconsciousness. The Collected Works of C. G. Jung (vol. 9). London: Routledge and Kegan Paul. Matthews, D. (1975). The Pshychological Journey of Bilbo Baggins. In A Tolkien Compass: Including J.R.R. Tolkien's Guide to the Names in The Lord of the Rings (pp. 29-42). La Salle, IL: Open Court. May, R. (2016). Psikoterapist ve Mitlere Yolculuk. İstanbul: Okuyan Us. Mercatante, A. S., & Dow, J. R. (2009). The Facts on File Encyclopedia of World Mythology and Legend New York: Infobase Publishing Tolkien, J. R. R. (2014). The Hobbit or There and Back Again. London: Harper Collins. Walker, S. (2009). The Power of Tolkien's Prose: Middle Earth's Magical Style. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

Campbell’ın monomitinin çerçevesinden Bilbo’nun kahramanın yolculuğu

Year 2019, Issue: 17, 639 - 650, 21.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.659362

Abstract

Bu makalenin amacı, J.R.R Tolkien'in kahramanın yolculuğunu “Hobbit” romanında nasıl formüle ettiğini tartışmaktır. Bu makale, Bilbo’nun deneyimlediği kahramanın yolculuğunu Joseph Campbell’ın monomyth paradigması kapsamında açıklamayı amaçlamaktadır. Okuyucuya, Tolkien'in çalışmasının neden bu denli başarılı olduğuna dair bilgiler verildi. Campbell eserinde mitolojik, edebi ya da modern bir kahramanın/kişinin deneyimlediği olayların genellikle kişiye özgü olmadığı ve bunların benzer kalıplar içinde başkaları tarafından da yaşandığını öne sürmektedir. Bu benzer deneyimler de kahramanın günlük ortamından ayrılarak, kendini yeniden keşfetmesini sağlayan ve eski hayatına geri dönmesiyle son bulan macera dolu bir yolculuk ile sunulmaktadır. Ayrıca, Carl Jung'un arketipleri ile çalışılan karakterin özgün birer kahraman olmadığı savı tartışılmıştır. Jung da eserinde, maceraya atılan kahramanları aslında birer arketipe ait olan alışılmış karakterler olarak görmektedir. Eser incelenirken Bilbo’nun hangi arketiplere uyduğu ya da hangi arketiplere evrildiği belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Tolkien, “Hobbit” adlı eserinde manevi ve maddesel dünyanın önemine işaret ediyor. Büyük bir dünyadaki küçük bir adamın cesaretinin diğerlerinin yararına olabileceğine dikkat çekiyor. Bir kahraman olarak bir hobbit seçerek, göreceli olarak önemsiz görülen bir kişinin öneminin daha beklenenden daha büyük olabileceğini göstermeyi amaçlamaktadır. Daha büyük bir ölçekte, Tolkien insanlığın önyargılarına saldırmayı amaçlamaktadır.

References

  • Arslan, M. (2015). 'There and Back Again': The Quest and Self-Discovery in J.R.R. Tolkien's The Hobbit. Journal of History Culture and Art Research, 136-143. Bloom, H. (2009). The Hero's Journey. United States of America: Infobase Publishing. Campbell, J. (2003). The Hero's Journey - Joseph Campbell on His Life and Work. California: New World Library. Campbell, J. (2004). The Hero with a Thousand Faces. New Jersey: Princeton University Press. Chance, J. (2001). Tolkien's Art. Kentucky: University Press of Kentucky. Clark, G. (2008). J.R.R. Tolkien and the True Hero. In Bloom's Modern Critical Views: J.R.R. Tolkien (pp. 43-58). New York: Infobase Publishing. Coelho, P. (1999). Veronica Decides to Die. New York: Harper Collins. Eliade, M. (1963). Myth and Reality. New York: Harper and Row. Golban, T. (2014). Rewriting the Hero and the Quest. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang GmbH. Green, W. H. (1994). The Hobbit: A Journey into Maturity. New York: Twayne Publishers. Grenby, M. (2008). Children's Literarture. Edinburg: Edinburg University Press. Jones, R. A. (2003). Jung’s View on Myth and Post-modern Psychology. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 48, 619-628. Jung, C. G. (1969). The Archetypes and the Collective Unconsciousness. The Collected Works of C. G. Jung (vol. 9). London: Routledge and Kegan Paul. Matthews, D. (1975). The Pshychological Journey of Bilbo Baggins. In A Tolkien Compass: Including J.R.R. Tolkien's Guide to the Names in The Lord of the Rings (pp. 29-42). La Salle, IL: Open Court. May, R. (2016). Psikoterapist ve Mitlere Yolculuk. İstanbul: Okuyan Us. Mercatante, A. S., & Dow, J. R. (2009). The Facts on File Encyclopedia of World Mythology and Legend New York: Infobase Publishing Tolkien, J. R. R. (2014). The Hobbit or There and Back Again. London: Harper Collins. Walker, S. (2009). The Power of Tolkien's Prose: Middle Earth's Magical Style. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
There are 1 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Creative Arts and Writing
Journal Section Turkish language, culture and literature
Authors

Nurtekin Cura This is me 0000-0002-7090-2566

Publication Date December 21, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Issue: 17

Cite

APA Cura, N. (2019). Bilbo’s hero’s journey through the scope of Campbell’s monomyth. RumeliDE Dil Ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi(17), 639-650. https://doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.659362