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İlköğretim Öğrencilerinde Obezite Gelişimini Etkileyen

Year 2005, Volume: 12 Issue: 2, 19 - 25, 08.04.2009

Abstract

SüleymanDemirel Üniversitesi
TIP FAKÜLTESİ DERGİSİ: 2005 Haziran; 12(2)








İlköğretim Öğrencilerinde Obezite Gelişimini Etkileyen

Risk Faktörleri



Ersin Uskun, Mustafa Öztürk, Ahmet Nesimi Kişioğlu, Sema Kırbıyık, Reha Demirel



Özet

Obesite erişkinlerde artmış mortalite ve koroner kalp hastalıkları, hipertansiyon, hiperlipidemi, diyabet, safrakesesi hastalıkları, bazı kanserler ve osteoartrit ile ilişkilidir. Obez çocuklar sıklıkla obez erişkinler olmaktadır ve sağlık riskleri ortaya çıkmaktadır. Obezitenin nedenleri çok az anlaşılmıştır ve hem korunma ve hem de tedavisi güçtür. Çevresel ve sosyal değişiklikler, fiziksel aktivitede azalma, sedanter davranışlarda artma ve yüksek yağ ve enerji içerikli besinlerin tüketimi, obezite gelişimini etkilemektedir. Bu çalışma 8-15 yaş grubu çocuklarda obezite için risk faktörlerini belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı. Gereç ve yöntem: Bu vaka kontrol çalışmasında, 8-15 yaşlar arasında yaşa göre ağırlık z skoru +2 standart sapmadan büyük olan 38 çocuk obez grubu ve yaşa göre ağırlık z skoru +2 ile –2 standart sapma arasında olan 80 çocuk normal grubu olarak iki grupta kategorize edildi. Diet alışkanlıkları, aile yapısı ve demografik özellikleri anket yöntemi ile toplandı. Bulgular: Lojistik regresyon analizi sonucunda ekonomik durum, TV seyretme süresi ve oyun süresi çocuklukta obezite gelişimini etkileyen faktörler olarak bulundu. Annenin obez olması ile çocukluk çağı obezitesi arasında anlamlı ilişki bulunmadı. Obezite için Odds Ratio ekonomik durumla (>=400 milyon TL/ay, OR=2.62, 95% GA =1.00-6.87) ve TV seyretme süresi ile artmakta (OR=1.85, 95% CI =1.18-2.89), oyun süresi ile (OR=0.34, 95% CI =0.18-0.65) azalmaktaydı. Sonuçlar: Bu çalışmada, uzun TV seyretme süresinin obeziteyi artıran, uzun oyun süresinin ise obeziteyi azaltan faktörler olduğu belirlendi. Obeziteden korunma ve yönetimi, diyet ve fiziksel aktivite düzeyinin hayatın erken dönemlerinde , okulda, ailede ve toplumda kontrolünü gerektirmektedir.



Anahtar Kelimeler: Obezite, çocukluk, risk faktörleri.



Abstract



Risk factors of influencing the development of obesity in the primary education students

Obesity in adults is associated with excess mortality and excess risk of coronary heart disease, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, gallbladder disease, certain cancers, and osteoarthritis. Obese children often become obese adults, and obese in adulthood is a health risk. The causes of obesity are poorly understood, and both the prevention and the treatment of obesity is difficult. Major environmental and societal changes have led to a decrease in physical activity, a rise in sedentary behavior and the consumption of high fat and high-energy foods, all in turn influencing the development of obesity. Aim: To identify risk factors for obesity in children aged 8-15 years. Material and method: In this Case-control study, a total of 118 children aged 6-13 years old categorized into two groups, an overweight group (+2 standard deviation<= z score of weight for age, n=38) and a normal middle-weight group (+2< z score of weight for age >-2, n=80). Subjects were interviewed at school. Data on lifestyle habits, dietary habits, family structure and demographic background were collected by questionnaire. Results. Logistic regression analyses showed that childhood obesity was significantly associated with economic status, watching TV duration and playing duration but not maternal obesity. The odds ratio for childhood obesity was increased by economic status (>=400 million TL/ mount, OR=2.62, 95% CI =1.00-6.87), watching TV duration in a day (OR=1.85, 95% CI =1.18-2.89) and decreased by playing duration (OR=0.34, 95% CI =0.18-0.65). Conclusion: This study shows that a strong correlation between the numbers of hours spent watching TV and increased risk of obesity. It is also showed that a correlation duration playing and decreased risk of obesity. Prevention and management of obesity requires a range of co-ordinated policies to improve diet and physical activity levels in the early years, at schools, and in families and communities.



Key Words: Obesity, childhood, risk factors.

References

  • WHO: Obesity Preventing And Managing The Global Epidemic. Report of a WHO Concultation. WHO Technical Report Series 894. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2000.
  • Atalay A, Hasçelik H.Z. Obezite. Hacettepe Týp Dergisi 2000; 31(4): 320-329.
  • Babaoðlu K, Hatun Þ. Çocukluk çaðýnda obezite. STED 2002; 11(1): 8-10.
  • WHO. Physical status: The use and interpretation of antropometry. Report of a WHO expert committee. Geneva: World Health Organisation, 1995.
  • Physival status: The use interpretation of antropometry. Report of WHO Expert Committe. WHO Technical Series 854, 1995.
  • Flegal KM. The obesity epidemic in children and adults: Current evidence and research issues. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1999; 31:509-14.
  • Aslan D, Atilla S. Önemli bir saðlýk sorunu: Þiþmanlýk. STED 2002; 11(5): 169-171.
  • Türkiye Nüfus ve Saðlýk Araþtýrmasý 1998. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etüdleri Enstitüsü, Macro International Inc. Ankara 1999: s. 128-132.
  • Sünter A.T. Dündar C, Sancak R. Samsun ili kýrsal ve kentsel bölgelerinde yaþayan 9-16 yaþ grubu çocuklarda obesite sýklýðý ve obesite üzerine etkili faktörler. V.Halk Saðlýðý Kongresi (Beslenme ve Yasal Durum), 8-10 Eylül 1997- Isparta. Bildiri Özet Kitabý, s.108.
  • Pala K, Aytekin N, Aytekin H. Gemlik bölgesinde 6- 12 yaþ çocuklarda aþýrý kiloluluk ve þiþmanlýk prevalansý. STED 2003;12(12): 448-450.
  • Eker E, Þahin M. Birinci Basamakta obesiteye yaklaþým. STED 2002;11(7): 246-249.
  • Öztürk M, Kiþioðlu AN, , Demirel R , Uskun E, Kýrbýyýk S. Isparta’da ilköðretim öðrencilerinin büyüme durumlarýnýn deðerlendirilmesi” Kýrýkkale Üniversitesi Týp Fakültesi Dergisi; 2002; 4(1):10-14.
  • Hui LL; Nelson EAS, Yu LM, Li AM, Fok TF. Hong Kong children. International Journal of Obesity. 2003; 27(11):1411-1418.
  • Baur LA.Child and adolescent obesity in the 21st century: an Australian perspective. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2002;11(3):S524-8.
  • Morgan CM, Tanofsky-Kraff M, Wilfley DE, Yanovski JA. Childhood obesity. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am. 2002 Apr;11(2):257-78.
  • Arluk SL, Branch JD, Swain DP, Dowling EA. Childhood obesity's relationship to time spent in sedentary behavior. Mil Med. 2003 Jul;168(7):583-6.
  • Koletzko B, Girardet JP, Klish W, Tabacco O. Obesity in Children and Adolescents Worldwide: Current Views and Future Directions-Working Group Report of the First World Congress of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology & Nutrition. 2002;35(2):205-212.
  • Andersen RE, Crespo CJ, Bartlett SJ, Cheskin LJ, Pratt M. Relationship of physical activity and television watching with body weight and level of fatness among children: results from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. JAMA 1998;279:938- 42.
  • Andersen R.E. The spread of the childhood obesity epidemic. CMAJ 2000; 163 (11):1461-1462. 20. The Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology, Childhood obesity. Postnote September 2003 Number 205. www.parliament.uk/post.
  • Epstein LH, Paluch RA, Consalvi A, et al.: Effects of manipulating sedentary behavior on physical activity and food intake. J Pediatr 2002, 140:334–339.
  • Kotz K, Story M: Food advertisements during children's Saturday morning television programming: are they consistent with dietary recommendations? J Am Diet Assoc 1994, 64:1296–1300.
  • Robinson TN: Does television cause childhood obesity? JAMA 1998, 279:959–960.
  • Saelens BE,. Daniels SR. Childhood obesity: causes and therapies. Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes 2003;10(1):3-8.
  • Hatun Þ. Çocuklarda þiþmanlýk. 31.01.2000; http://saglikbe.kou.edu.tr.
  • Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Flegal KM. Epidemiologic trends in overweight and obesity. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2003 Dec;32(4):741-60.
  • Ulusal Gýda ve Beslenme Stratejisi Çalýþma Grubu Raporu (Ulusal Gýda ve Eylem Planý I. Aþama Çalýþmasý Eki Ýle). Yayýn No DPT : 2670, Mart 2003. e-kitap. http://ekutup.dpt.gov.tr/gida/ugbs/beslenme.pdf2.
  • McLennan J. Obesity in children. Tackling a growing problem. Aust Fam Physician. 2004 Jan-Feb;33(1- 2):33-6.
  • Delpeuch F, Maire B. Obesity and developing countries of the South. Med Trop (Mars). 1997;57(4):380-8
Year 2005, Volume: 12 Issue: 2, 19 - 25, 08.04.2009

Abstract

References

  • WHO: Obesity Preventing And Managing The Global Epidemic. Report of a WHO Concultation. WHO Technical Report Series 894. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2000.
  • Atalay A, Hasçelik H.Z. Obezite. Hacettepe Týp Dergisi 2000; 31(4): 320-329.
  • Babaoðlu K, Hatun Þ. Çocukluk çaðýnda obezite. STED 2002; 11(1): 8-10.
  • WHO. Physical status: The use and interpretation of antropometry. Report of a WHO expert committee. Geneva: World Health Organisation, 1995.
  • Physival status: The use interpretation of antropometry. Report of WHO Expert Committe. WHO Technical Series 854, 1995.
  • Flegal KM. The obesity epidemic in children and adults: Current evidence and research issues. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1999; 31:509-14.
  • Aslan D, Atilla S. Önemli bir saðlýk sorunu: Þiþmanlýk. STED 2002; 11(5): 169-171.
  • Türkiye Nüfus ve Saðlýk Araþtýrmasý 1998. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etüdleri Enstitüsü, Macro International Inc. Ankara 1999: s. 128-132.
  • Sünter A.T. Dündar C, Sancak R. Samsun ili kýrsal ve kentsel bölgelerinde yaþayan 9-16 yaþ grubu çocuklarda obesite sýklýðý ve obesite üzerine etkili faktörler. V.Halk Saðlýðý Kongresi (Beslenme ve Yasal Durum), 8-10 Eylül 1997- Isparta. Bildiri Özet Kitabý, s.108.
  • Pala K, Aytekin N, Aytekin H. Gemlik bölgesinde 6- 12 yaþ çocuklarda aþýrý kiloluluk ve þiþmanlýk prevalansý. STED 2003;12(12): 448-450.
  • Eker E, Þahin M. Birinci Basamakta obesiteye yaklaþým. STED 2002;11(7): 246-249.
  • Öztürk M, Kiþioðlu AN, , Demirel R , Uskun E, Kýrbýyýk S. Isparta’da ilköðretim öðrencilerinin büyüme durumlarýnýn deðerlendirilmesi” Kýrýkkale Üniversitesi Týp Fakültesi Dergisi; 2002; 4(1):10-14.
  • Hui LL; Nelson EAS, Yu LM, Li AM, Fok TF. Hong Kong children. International Journal of Obesity. 2003; 27(11):1411-1418.
  • Baur LA.Child and adolescent obesity in the 21st century: an Australian perspective. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2002;11(3):S524-8.
  • Morgan CM, Tanofsky-Kraff M, Wilfley DE, Yanovski JA. Childhood obesity. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am. 2002 Apr;11(2):257-78.
  • Arluk SL, Branch JD, Swain DP, Dowling EA. Childhood obesity's relationship to time spent in sedentary behavior. Mil Med. 2003 Jul;168(7):583-6.
  • Koletzko B, Girardet JP, Klish W, Tabacco O. Obesity in Children and Adolescents Worldwide: Current Views and Future Directions-Working Group Report of the First World Congress of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology & Nutrition. 2002;35(2):205-212.
  • Andersen RE, Crespo CJ, Bartlett SJ, Cheskin LJ, Pratt M. Relationship of physical activity and television watching with body weight and level of fatness among children: results from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. JAMA 1998;279:938- 42.
  • Andersen R.E. The spread of the childhood obesity epidemic. CMAJ 2000; 163 (11):1461-1462. 20. The Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology, Childhood obesity. Postnote September 2003 Number 205. www.parliament.uk/post.
  • Epstein LH, Paluch RA, Consalvi A, et al.: Effects of manipulating sedentary behavior on physical activity and food intake. J Pediatr 2002, 140:334–339.
  • Kotz K, Story M: Food advertisements during children's Saturday morning television programming: are they consistent with dietary recommendations? J Am Diet Assoc 1994, 64:1296–1300.
  • Robinson TN: Does television cause childhood obesity? JAMA 1998, 279:959–960.
  • Saelens BE,. Daniels SR. Childhood obesity: causes and therapies. Current Opinion in Endocrinology & Diabetes 2003;10(1):3-8.
  • Hatun Þ. Çocuklarda þiþmanlýk. 31.01.2000; http://saglikbe.kou.edu.tr.
  • Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Flegal KM. Epidemiologic trends in overweight and obesity. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2003 Dec;32(4):741-60.
  • Ulusal Gýda ve Beslenme Stratejisi Çalýþma Grubu Raporu (Ulusal Gýda ve Eylem Planý I. Aþama Çalýþmasý Eki Ýle). Yayýn No DPT : 2670, Mart 2003. e-kitap. http://ekutup.dpt.gov.tr/gida/ugbs/beslenme.pdf2.
  • McLennan J. Obesity in children. Tackling a growing problem. Aust Fam Physician. 2004 Jan-Feb;33(1- 2):33-6.
  • Delpeuch F, Maire B. Obesity and developing countries of the South. Med Trop (Mars). 1997;57(4):380-8
There are 28 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Araştırma Makaleleri
Authors

Ersin Uskun

Mustafa Öztürk This is me

Ahmet Kişioğlu This is me

Sema Kırbıyık This is me

Reha Demirel This is me

Publication Date April 8, 2009
Submission Date April 6, 2009
Published in Issue Year 2005 Volume: 12 Issue: 2

Cite

Vancouver Uskun E, Öztürk M, Kişioğlu A, Kırbıyık S, Demirel R. İlköğretim Öğrencilerinde Obezite Gelişimini Etkileyen. Med J SDU. 2009;12(2):19-25.

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