Sosyal ve Kültürel Araştırmalar Dergisi (SKAD)

The Journal of Social and Cultural Studies, which generally includes multi-disciplinary academic studies, is open to all kinds of national and international contributions. Articles in Turkish and English as well as review articles are published in the journal. The journal aims to contribute to the development of social sciences at national and international levels by providing a platform where scientific studies could be published.
The Journal of Social and Cultural Studies is a peer-reviewed journal that follows the double-blind peer-review process.

It is a journal that covers the academic studies of all disciplines within the scope of Social Sciences in general.

Guidelines for authors;

Please read the general policy of the journal about the spelling rules and publishing principles before submitting your article.

In order for the articles sent for evaluation to be accepted, it is required that they have not been published before. Submitted articles are first reviewed by the editorial board. If the content and format of the articles submitted to the journal are not deemed appropriate, the articles can be rejected by the editorial board.

Since the blind referee is used, only the author information and, if any, notes about the article (thanks, project support information, etc.) should be included on the first page of the article file; the article text should start from the second page of the file.

The study must comply with grammar rules. The use of punctuation marks in the article should be based on the latest Spelling Guide in the writing of words and abbreviations, a clear and simple way of expression should be followed, and unnecessary information that goes beyond the purpose and scope should not be included. In the preparation of the article, valid scientific methods should be followed, the subject, purpose, scope, reason for preparation etc. of the study should be given in a specific order.

Articles to be sent to our journal should be submitted with the user account opened through DergiPark. Research articles and reviews of scientific books are published in Turkish and English.

Generally, studies submitted should be in the following format:

Articles should have an introduction at the beginning and a conclusion at the end. Articles should not exceed 15 pages and 8000 thousand words, including all tables, figures, references (bibliography) and appendices. Articles should be written in MS Word with normal margins, 12-point Times New Roman font and 1.5 line spacing, left aligned. The text should be written in 12 pt. 6 nk paragraphs and single line spacing. Tables, figures, pictures and charts should be in size appropriate for the journal's page. If necessary, they can be written in smaller fonts and single line spacing. Tables and tables should be numbered consecutively in accordance with their appearance in your article. Footnotes of the tables should be placed just below the table body and indicated with descriptive letters in lowercase letters. Using vertical rulers should be avoided. As few tables as possible should be used and care should be taken that the data presented in the tables do not match the results already stated elsewhere in the article.

Title Rules

The title of the article should be in 14 point bold Cambria font, and the subtitles should be in Times New Roman font, 12 point bold. Titles should be formatted so that the word initials are capital letters and other letters are lowercase. Each article should have a title in Turkish and English in the language in which it is written. It should be short, clear and sufficient to reflect the content of the article, and should not exceed fifteen words.

Summary and Keywords

The Turkish abstract should reflect the purpose, scope and results of the study. The abstract should be at least a hundred and a maximum of two hundred words, and Turkish keywords of at least three and at most eight words should be written under one line. In addition, the abstract, title and keywords should be in English. Articles written in a foreign language should include the title, abstract and keywords in Turkish, English and written language. Care should be taken to avoid language mistakes in abstracts in a foreign language. TAB space should not be used in the Summary and Abstract sections.

Main Text

It is preferred that the articles are written using MS Office Word software program (extension .doc or .docx) with a maximum of thirty-five pages.

Page layout

A4 size, Times New Roman 12 pt. Margins right, left, top and bottom 2.5 cm Line spacing 1.5 Page number should be given at the bottom of the page, centered. Except for the summary section, TAB space should be given at the beginning of each line.

In the first paragraph after the title, no carriage return should be made, other paragraphs should not be formatted with a carriage return. The copy sent to the journal should not contain any information about the author.

The format used for referencing is APA (American Psychological Association) Style 6th Edition. In both the citations and the bibliography part, the authors should follow the spelling rules and format specified in the American Psychological Association Publication Guide published by the American Psychological Association.

Content Layouts and Basic Features According to Article Types
Original Research: It should consist of "Abstract", "Keywords", 'Introduction', 'Method', 'Results' and 'Conclusion / Discussion' sections respectively. The results of the study can be expressed in the last paragraph of the discussion section, there is no need to open an additional title. : It is within the scope of the research article. It is created by systematically and comprehensively scanning the studies published in the relevant field, determining which studies will be included in the review within the framework of various objective acceptance and rejection criteria, and synthesizing the information on the relevant subject. Systematic review studies should consist of "Abstract", "Keywords", "Introduction", "Subtitles" and "Resources" sections.

Metanalysis: Meta-analysis is research articles written in order to provide the highest level of evidence about the accuracy and authenticity of the attempts. It is a type of statistical literature developed to show the effect of a particular situation with a single estimator by combining the findings of at least two independent studies on a specific subject. The degree of validity and reliability of the results obtained by combining the findings of more than one study will be strengthened. While single studies with small samples may not be statistically significant, articles combined with meta-analysis help to overcome this problem. Meta-analysis can be done for both experimental and quantitative research. Meta-analysis articles; It consists of "Self", "Keywords", "Introduction", "Method", "Results", "Conclusion / Discussion" and "Resources" sections.

Book Reviews: Book Reviews is an article in which the contents of the books published in the last 5 years are evaluated and introduced. The total length of the article should not exceed 2500-5000 words. Additional information (drawings, charts, movie data sets) can be published at the discretion of the editor and referees (50 Mb of additional data per article). It should consist of 'Introduction', 'Subtitles' sections respectively.

Invited Review: Invited Review Articles are articles written by experts who have rich experience and cited studies in the field. Describing, evaluating and discussing existing information on a topic within the scope of the journal; The journal sends an invitation to the authors it determines to write review articles that guide future studies. The authors of the review article must be a scientific authority on the subject of the manuscript, document their publications on their respective studies in the field in the "Cover Letter" (authors must have at least one SCI / SCI-expanded indexed publication on the subject of the review) The articles of the review authors will be returned to the authors who do not list the relevant publications in the cover letter. It should be a maximum of 20 pages and an upper limit of 6000 words (excluding abstract and sources). Reviews differ from the standard typeface. The universal format of manuscript writing (that the abstract is structured in a certain format, as in the research article) is not applied in review articles. Review articles consist of "Abstract", "Keywords", "Introduction", "Discussion" and "Conclusion" sections. Outline the "Introduction" section becomes broader and explains the purpose of the review and the rationale for the article. There is no "Method" and "Results" section. The discussion part will again be extended and studies on the same subject and their synthesis will be made in line with personal experiences. The conclusion part is the subtitle of the "Discussion" part and is a comment and evaluation paragraph on the subject. The author (s) who submit a review article should include a section in the article that defines the methods they use for the selection, acquisition, and synthesis of the data they use in the article. These methods should also be specified in the Abstract section. References will be more than all articles. However, the author's own works will also be found.

Case Reports: It should not exceed 10 pages (excluding references). Case reports should include introduction, case report and discussion sections, respectively.

Letter to the Editor: It should not exceed 5 pages (excluding abstract and sources). It may not contain abstract. It should not contain more than four authors. It may contain at most one graph or chart. If it is written as a response to an article, it should be specified by giving a number and date, and the name, institution and address of the author should be at the end of the text.

Interview: It should not exceed 5 pages (excluding abstract and sources). It may not contain abstract. It should not contain more than four authors.
Quotes and References

References are basically done in two ways:

While the United States carried out military operations abroad only six times from 1975 to the fall of the Berlin Wall in November 1989, nine major military operations were carried out from 1989 to 2004 and the number of soldiers sent reached hundreds of thousands (Gray, 2005: 14. ).

or

According to Feroz Ahmad (2012: 101), one of the most important goals of the revolution by letters, it was to accelerate the process of new literacy and education in Turkey.

When referring to the work with two authors:

The Trans Pacific Treaty is one of the largest treaties on a global scale in recent years (Green and Goodman, 2015: 45).

or

According to Green and Goodman (2015: 45), the Trans Pacific Treaty is one of the largest treaties on a global scale in recent years.

Instead of using the first author's surname after the first author's surname to refer to works with three or more authors, 'et al.' expression is used.

Climate has a determining feature on human character. (Walter et al., 1998: 25)

or

According to Walter et al. (1998: 25), climate has a determining feature on human character.

When referring to works with legal authors: If a group / legal person (such as associations, companies, government agencies and other working groups) is expressed as the author, the name information of this group should be given in a very clear and understandable way in the text. The group name may be shortened in some cases. If the group name is long, if the abbreviation is clear to everyone, or if there is an already known abbreviation for the name, both the open form and the abbreviation can be used in the first use, and only the abbreviation can be used in the next use. If the group name is short or the abbreviation is not clear to everyone, all references should be written in its clear form.

If the reference is at the end of the sentence;

First reference

(Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey [TÜBİTAK], 2013)

Second and subsequent references

(TÜBİTAK, 2013)

If the submission is made in a sentence

First reference

The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK, 2013)

Second and subsequent references

TÜBİTAK (2013)

Multiple references in the same parenthesis: Multiple references in the same parenthesis should be in alphabetical order according to the first author's surname and should be separated with a semicolon. Example: (Akbulut and Doğan, 2013; Şencan, 2003; Tonta, 2010)

Bibliography

At the end of the text, it should be arranged alphabetically according to the authors' surname. The surname of the author of the source used should be indicated first. Example: İsen, M. (2010). From Tezkir to biography. Istanbul: Kapı Publications. Köprülü, Mehmet F. (1961). Evolution of Azerbaijani literature. Istanbul: MEB Publications.

➢ If the source has two authors, it is first started with the surname of the author whose name was written before in the study; Putting the surnames of the next authors before the first author in alphabetical ordering of the imprint information has no function. Example: Taner, R. and Asım B. (1981). Selected stories from the literature. Reference books. Istanbul: Gozlem Publications.

➢ If the source has more than three authors, the first's surname and name should be written, then et al. or and others abbreviation should be used; Example: Akyüz, K. et al. (1958). Fuzulî's Turkish dîvân. Ankara: İş Bank Publications.

Book and journal names should be written in italics; Resources such as article, book section should be indicated in quotation marks. While the page number information is not required in the book tag; In short works such as journals, encyclopedia articles, and book chapters, the page range information of the used chapter must be included. Example: Berk, İ. (1997). Poetics. Istanbul: Yapı Kredi Publications. Demir, N. (2012). "Evidensiyel in Turkish". bilig, Journal of Turkish World Social Sciences 62, 97-117.

If there is anyone who translates, compiles, prepares or editors the book, its name should be given after the author and work information. Example: Shaw, S. (1982). Ottoman Empire. Mehmet Harmancı (Trans.). Istanbul: Sermet Printing House.

References should be shown as (a, b) if an author has more than one publication with the same date. Example: Develi, H. (2002a). Sound Simulation and Harmony in 17th Century Ottoman Turkish According to Evliya Çelebi's Travelogue. Ankara: TDK Publications. Develi, H. (2002b). XVIII. Risâle-i Garîbe on the 21st Century Istanbul Life. Istanbul: Bookstore.

In encyclopedia articles, if the author's surname and name are known, the date of the article, the title of the article in quotation marks, the full name of the encyclopedia, the place of publication, the publisher, and the page range should be indicated respectively: Example: İpekten, H. (1991). “Azmî-zâde Mustafa Hâletî”. Encyclopedia of Islam. C. 4. Istanbul: Turkey Religious Foundation Publications. 348-349.
➢ While citing the theses, the surname and name of the thesis author should be written after the thesis author's surname, the full title of the thesis with italic character, the thesis type, the city where the thesis was prepared, and the name of the university: Example: Karakaya, B. (2012). Yîsuf u Züleyhâ of Garîbî: Review-criticized text-index. Master Thesis. Kırşehir: Ahi Evran University. Manuscripts, Author. Title of the Work. Library. Collection. Catalog number. leaf. should be cited as: Example: Âsim. Zeyl-i Zübdetü'l-Eş‘âr. Nation Library. A. Emirî Efendi. No.1326. vr. 45a.

Author's surname, Author's name to refer to a work on the Internet. "Title of the message". Internet address. It is sufficient to provide (Access Date) information. Example: Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey. "Livelihood index (wage earners)" Electronic Data Distribution System. http://evds.tcmb.gov.tr/ (Date of Access: 04.02.2009).

➢ Article citations that have not been published yet but have been accepted for publication can also be shown as follows. Example: Atılım, M. and Ekin T. (2008). ”Forecasting oil price movements with crack spread futures”. Energy Economics. In press (doi: 10.1016 / j.eneco.2008.07.008).

ETHICAL PRINCIPLES
Scientific Research Ethics

• Scientific methods are used in obtaining data, analyzing, interpreting and reaching the results. Unscientific results cannot be shown as research results.
• While conducting research, it is necessary to adhere to national and international rules and conventions and to obtain permission from the authorities concerned.
• The data obtained in the studies should be used to the extent and in the form allowed by the authorities. It should be essential that the data that should not be submitted remain confidential.
• Researchers are obliged to report any adverse situations that may arise as a result of the research to the relevant persons and institutions. Every researcher has the right not to participate in the research due to these adverse situations that may occur.

Publication Ethics

• SKAD aims to contribute to the knowledge in the field of social sciences by publishing internationally scientific studies. In addition, it is published in order to reveal the cultural richness, historical and current facts and problems of societies within scientific criteria.
• SKAD, in the articles to be sent; It is required to be an original article that will fill a gap in the field or to be a review that evaluates previously published studies and reveals new and remarkable views on this subject. Articles introducing relevant authors and works in the field of social sciences and announcing new events are also included.
• In order for the articles to be published in SKAD, they must not have been published elsewhere before or accepted for publication. Papers previously presented at a scientific meeting or articles produced from theses may be accepted provided that this situation is clearly stated.
• SKAD is published twice a year, Spring / June and Fall / December. The journal is delivered to domestic and international libraries determined by the Editorial Board and to international indexing institutions within one month from the date of publication.
• The names of the referees are included in the relevant issue of the journal.
• All scientific and legal responsibilities of the published work belong to the author(s).
• The decision authority on matters not mentioned here belongs to the Chief Editors.
SKAD's publication ethics and open access policy are also in line with the guidelines and policies published by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) on open access (For example, "Publication Ethics Committee (COPE) Code of Conduct and Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors;" Code of Conduct and Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors ”and“ COPE Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors ”) require that all components of the publishing process comply with ethical principles.

If situations such as manipulating and distorting the data used in the articles and using fake data are detected, this situation will be officially reported to the institution where the author works and the article will be rejected. Our journal has the right to request the output files of the analysis results from the authors according to the feedback given by the editor and / or the referees.

Creative Commons

A Creative Commons license is a form of public copyright license that allows a copyrighted work or work to be distributed free of charge. When an author wishes to give the right to share or modify the work they have created for use, they use the CC license.
All works published in SKAD are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

This license permits other authors to use your work in their works for non-commercial purposes, provided that it refers to your work.

Open access is an approach that reinforces interdisciplinary development and encourages cooperation between different disciplines. Therefore, SCAD contributes to its field by offering more access to articles and a more transparent review process. It is aimed that all stakeholders (author, editor, referee, publisher and reader) who produce a scientific study contribute to the progress of science correctly. Compliance with scientific ethical principles is important in scientific studies prepared in accordance with this goal.

For authors;
It is the author's responsibility to ensure that the submitted article contributes to academic fields.
Studies must be original and based on research.
Although the plagiarism screening will be done by the journal, the results of plagiarism, which is an academic dishonor, will be directed entirely to the author.
The article should not be submitted to different journals at the same time and it should not have been sent to another journal before.
It should be ensured that other authors whose names will be written in the article contribute to the research. It is against the ethics of science to show people who have no academic contribution as additional authors or to rank authors with non-scientific criteria such as title, age and gender, regardless of the order of contribution.
It is assumed that the authors who submit articles to the journal have read and accepted the publication and writing principles of the journal, and the authors are deemed to have committed to what is expected of them in these principles.
Citations and references should be complete.
Authors should consider the Scientific Research and Publication Ethics Directive, which is also specified by the Higher Education Council.

For referees;
Referees should act with the awareness that they are the most basic determinant of the academic quality of the article to be published in the journal and evaluate them with the responsibility of increasing academic quality.
Reviewers should only accept peer-review of articles that they have the expertise to make an appropriate review, can respect blind review confidentiality, and keep the details of the article confidential in any way.
After the article review process, any information about the article reviewed should not be shared with others in any way.
Referees should only evaluate the accuracy of the content of the articles and their compliance with academic criteria. The fact that the opinions expressed in the article differ from those of the referee should not affect the evaluation.
Referee reports should be objective and measured. Insulting, derogatory and accusatory statements should be avoided.
Referees should avoid superficial and ambiguous statements in evaluation reports. In the evaluations with negative results, the missing and defective points on which the result is based should be shown in a concrete way.
Referees should evaluate the articles within the time given to them. If they are not going to make an assessment, they should report it to the journal within a reasonable time.

For editors;
Editors should accept articles that contribute to the relevant fields specified in the journal policy into the evaluation process.
Editors should not have any conflict of interest / relationship with accepted or rejected articles.
Editors have full responsibility and authority to accept or reject an article.
It is the editors' responsibility to keep the names of referees and authors mutually confidential.
Editors should make the necessary effort to prevent plagiarism screening of articles submitted for publication and thus academic dishonor.
It is the editors' duty to complete the pre-examination, refereeing, editing and publishing processes of the articles submitted to the journal in a timely and healthy manner.
Editors should prioritize academic concerns and criteria when accepting articles to the journal.

Publication Policy
1) The journal is a refereed and academic journal that publishes studies in the basic field of social sciences.
2) Journal is a double-blind peer-reviewed journal published twice a year.
3) The language of the journal is Turkish and English.
4) Articles to be published in the journal should be original and academic studies prepared using research methods suitable for their fields. In addition, translations, book promotion, criticism and reviews that contribute to the scientific field are also accepted.
5) Although the plagiarism screening will be done by the journal, the consequences of plagiarism, which is academic dishonor, will be directed entirely to the author.
6) Studies submitted to the journal should not have been published elsewhere or sent for publication.
7) Studies must be original and based on research. It should be ensured that other authors whose names will be written in the article contribute to the research. It is against the ethics of science to show people who have no academic contribution as additional authors or to rank authors with non-scientific criteria.

Researchers requiring Ethic Committee permission are as follows:
• All kinds of research conducted with qualitative or quantitative approaches that require data collection from participants using questionnaire, interview, focus group study, observation, experiment, interview techniques.
• Use of humans and animals (including material / data) for experimental or other scientific purposes,
• Clinical trials on humans,
• Research on animals,
Retrospective studies in accordance with the law on protection of personal data,

Also;
• Stating that "informed consent form" was obtained in case presentations,
• Obtaining and indicating permission from the owners for the use of scales, surveys and photographs belonging to others,
• Stating that copyright regulations are complied with for the intellectual and artistic works used.
8) Submitted articles are primarily examined in terms of form. Manuscripts that are found not to comply with the principles of publication and writing are returned to the author for necessary corrections without being subjected to content review.
9) The articles sent to the journal for publication are sent to the referees who are experts in the subject determined by the editorial board after preliminary examination. With two positive referee reports, it is decided to publish the manuscript and the number of publication is notified to the owner of the study. If the two referees give negative opinions, the article is not published. When there are positive and negative referee reports for the same article, the decision about the article is made by the Editorial Board, taking into account the content of the reports.
10) If the opinion of the manuscripts decided to be published is "published after corrections" in the referee reports, the manuscript is returned to the author for necessary corrections. The author makes the corrections in a different color. After the corrections, it is checked whether the referee warnings are taken into account or not and the article is re-evaluated.
11) Whether the articles sent to the journal will be published or not is decided within three months at the latest and the owner of the work is informed.
12) At most one work of the same author (copyright or translation) can be published.
13) No royalty fee is paid to the author for published articles.
14) All scientific and legal responsibilities of the published work belong to the author or authors.
15) Attention will be paid to the diversity of institutions, members and authors in the articles and boards to be published.
16) All content of the journal is offered to users free of charge in an “open access” manner. There is no application fee and no fee is charged for any process.

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