Writing Rules
Information for authors;
Please read the editorial guidelines and publication principles before submitting your article.
In order for the articles submitted for evaluation to be accepted, it is required that they have not been published anywhere before. Submitted articles are first reviewed by the editorial board. If the content and format of the articles submitted to the journal are not deemed appropriate, they may be rejected by the editorial board of the journal.
Since blind refereeing is used, the first page of the manuscript file should include only author information and notes about the article (acknowledgments, project support information, etc.); the text of the article should start from the second page of the file.
The manuscript must comply with the rules of grammar. The use of punctuation marks, spelling of words and abbreviations should be based on the latest TDK Spelling Guide, a clear and simple way of expression should be followed, and unnecessary information that goes beyond the purpose and scope should not be included. In the preparation of the article, valid scientific methods should be followed, information such as the subject, purpose, scope, rationale for preparation, etc. should be given sufficiently and in a certain order.
Articles to be submitted to our journal should be submitted with a user account opened through DergiPark. Research articles and scientific book reviews are published in Turkish or English.
In general, submitted manuscripts should follow the following format:
Articles should have an introduction at the beginning and a conclusion at the end. Articles should be written in MS Word processor with normal margins, 11-point Cambria font, 1.15 line spacing and left justified. The text should be written in 11-point, 6nk paragraph and single line spacing. Tables, figures, pictures and charts should be of a size appropriate to the page of the journal. If necessary, they can be written in smaller font size and single-spaced. Tables and charts should be numbered sequentially according to their appearance in your manuscript. Footnotes to the tables should be placed just below the body of the table and should be identified by lowercase identifying letters. Avoid using vertical rulers. As few tables as possible should be used and care should be taken to ensure that the data presented in the tables are not identical to the results already presented elsewhere in the article. You can find the article template prepared according to the specified rules here.
Titling Rules
The title of the article should be in 12-point bold Cambria font, and subheadings should be in Cambria, 12-point bold. Titles should be formatted so that word beginnings are capitalized and all other letters are lowercase. Each article should have a title in the language in which it is written, in Turkish and English. It should be short, clear and adequately reflect the content of the article and should not exceed fifteen words.
Abstract and Keywords
The Turkish abstract should reflect the purpose, scope and results of the study. The abstract should be at least fifty and at most two hundred and fifty words in length, and Turkish keywords of at least three and at most eight words should be written one line below the abstract. The abstract, title and keywords should also be in English. Articles written in a foreign language should include the title, abstract and keywords in Turkish, English and the language of writing. Care should be taken to avoid language mistakes in foreign language abstracts. TAB spaces should not be used in the Abstract and Abstract sections.
Extended Abstract
In Turkish articles accepted for publication in our journal as of December 2023, an extended English abstract of at least 750 and at most 1000 words under the title extended abstract should be added after the English abstract section. Keywords of at least 3 and at most 5 words should be written under the extended abstract. Keywords should be written with the first letter of the first word capitalized and the other words in lower case and separated by commas. The subheadings in the extended abstract may vary according to the type of the study. For research articles, there should be subheadings such as purpose, method, findings and discussion, conclusion and recommendations.
Main Text
It is preferred that articles should be written using MS Office Word software program (with .doc or .docx extension) and should not exceed thirty-five pages.
Page Layout
A4 size, Cambria 11 pt. Margins 2.5 cm from right, left, top and bottom Line spacing 1.15. The page number should be centered at the bottom of the page. TAB space should be given at the beginning of each line except for the abstract.
The first paragraph after the title should not be carriage return, and other paragraphs should not be formatted as indented. The copy sent to the journal should not contain any information about the author.
The format used for referencing is APA (American Psychological Association) Style 6th Edition. In both citations and bibliography, authors should follow the format and spelling rules specified in the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, published by the American Psychological Association.
Content Layouts and Key Features by Article Types
Original Research: It should consist of "Abstract", "Keywords", "Introduction", "Method", "Results" and "Conclusion/Discussion" sections respectively. The results of the study can be expressed in the last paragraph of the Discussion section; there is no need for an additional title. Systematic Review: It is within the scope of a research article. It is created by systematically and comprehensively scanning the studies published in the relevant field, determining which studies will be included in the review within the framework of various objective acceptance and rejection criteria, and synthesizing the information on the relevant subject. In order to define a review article systematically, the processes of identifying and selecting the studies to be included in the review and synthesizing the study data should be followed. Systematic review studies should consist of "Abstract", "Keywords", "Introduction", "Subtitles" and "References" sections.
Meta-analysis: Meta-analysis is a research article written to provide an opinion-making document (the highest degree of evidence) on the accuracy and reality of interventions for their effectiveness. It is a type of statistical literature developed to show the effect of a particular situation with a single predictor by combining the findings of at least two independent studies on a specific subject. The degree of validity and reliability of the results obtained by combining the findings of more than one study will be strengthened. While individual studies with small samples may not carry statistical significance, articles combined by meta-analysis overcome this problem. Meta-analysis can be conducted for both experimental and quantitative research. Meta-analysis articles consist of "Abstract", "Keywords", "Introduction", "Methods", "Results", "Conclusion/Discussion" and "References" sections.
Book Review: A Book Review is an article in which the contents of books published in the last 5 years are evaluated and introduced. The total length of the article should not exceed 2500-5000 words. Additional information (drawings, charts, movie data sets) may be published at the discretion of the editors and referees (50 Mb of additional data is allowed per article). It should consist of 'Introduction' and 'Subheadings' sections respectively.
Invited Review: Invited Review articles are written by experts who have rich knowledge and cited works in their field. The journal sends invitations to the authors to write review articles that define, evaluate and discuss the existing knowledge on a subject within the scope of the journal and guide future studies. The authors of the review article should be a scientific authority on the subject of the article and should document their publications in the "Cover Letter" (authors should have at least one SCI/SCI-expanded indexed publication on the subject of the review). Manuscripts will be returned to authors who do not list the relevant publications of the review authors in the cover letter. The maximum length of the manuscript should be 20 pages with an upper limit of 6000 words (excluding abstract and references). Reviews are different from standard manuscripts. The universal format of writing (the abstract structured in a certain format, as in a research article) is not applied in review articles. Review articles consist of "Abstract", "Keywords", "Introduction", "Discussion" and "Conclusion" sections. In outline, the "Introduction" section is broader and explains the purpose of the review and the rationale for the article. There are no "Method" and "Findings" sections. The Discussion section will again be broad and will synthesize the studies on the same subject and their synthesis in line with personal experiences. The Conclusion section is a subheading of the "Discussion" section and is an interpretation and evaluation paragraph on the subject. The author(s) submitting a review article should include a section in the article describing the methods used for the selection, acquisition and synthesis of the data used in the article. These methods should also be mentioned in the Abstract. References will be more numerous than in all articles. However, the author's own work must be included.
Case Presentation: Maximum 10 pages (excluding references). Case reports should include introduction, case presentation and discussion sections respectively.
Letter to the Editor: Maximum 5 pages (excluding abstract and references). May not include an abstract. Should not contain more than 4 authors. May include at most one drawing or chart. If it is written as a dedication to an article, the number and date should be given and the name, institution and address of the author should be included at the end of the text.
Interview Maximum 5 pages (excluding abstract and references). May not include an abstract. Should not contain more than 4 authors. Interview articles are articles that include interviews with experts who have rich knowledge and cited works in their field.
Citation and References
Deployment basically takes two forms:
From 1975 until the fall of the Berlin Wall in November 1989, the United States conducted only six military operations abroad, whereas from 1989 to 2004 there were nine major military operations, with hundreds of thousands of troops deployed (Gray, 2005: 14).
or
According to Feroz Ahmad (2012: 101), one of the most important aims of the alphabet reform was to accelerate the literacy process and education in the new Turkey.
When citing a work with two authors:
The Trans-Pacific Partnership is one of the largest global treaties in recent years (Green and Goodman, 2015: 45).
or
According to Green and Goodman (2015: 45), the Trans-Pacific Partnership is one of the largest global treaties in recent years.
To cite works with three or more authors, the expression 'et al.' is used after the last name of the first author instead of using the last names of the other authors.
Climate is a determinant of human character (Walter et al., 1998: 25).
or
According to Walter et al. (1998: 25), climate has a determining effect on human character.
When citing studies with legal authors: If a group/legal entity (such as associations, companies, government agencies and other working groups) is cited as the author, the name of this group should be given in the text in a very clear and understandable way. The group name may be abbreviated in some cases. If the group name is long, if the abbreviation is clear to everyone, or if there is already a known abbreviation for the name, both the full and abbreviated form may be used in the first use, and only the abbreviation may be used in subsequent uses. If the name of the group is short or the abbreviation is not universally understood, the full name is used in all references.
If the reference is at the end of a sentence;
First reference
(Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey [TÜBİTAK], 2013)
Second and subsequent references
(TÜBİTAK, 2013)
If the reference is made in a sentence
First post
Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK, 2013)
Second and subsequent references
TUBITAK (2013)
Multiple references within the same parenthesis: Multiple references within the same parenthesis should be in alphabetical order according to the surname of the first author and separated by semicolons. Example: (Akbulut & Doğan, 2013; Şencan, 2003; Tonta, 2010)
Bibliography
At the end of the text, it should be arranged alphabetically according to the surnames of the authors. The author of the source used should be indicated by putting the surname first. Example: İsen, M. (2010). Tezkireden biografiye. Istanbul: Kapı Publications. Köprülü, Mehmet F. (1961). Azeri literature tekâmülü. Istanbul: MEB Publications.
➢If the source has two authors, start with the surname of the author whose name is written first in the work; in the alphabetical order of the colophon information, it does not function to put the surnames of those after the first author first. Example: Taner, R. and Asım B. (1981). Edebiyatımızda seçme hikayeler. başvuru kitapları. Istanbul: Gözlem Publications.
➢If the source has more than three authors, the surname and name of the first one should be written, then the abbreviation et al. or et al. should be used; Example: Akyüz, K. et al. (1958). Fuzulî Turkish dîvân. Ankara: İş Bankası Publications.
➢Book and journal titles should be written in italics; sources such as articles and book chapters should be enclosed in quotation marks. While page number information is not required in the book tag; in short works such as journals, encyclopedia articles, book chapters, the page range information of the section utilized must be included. Example: Berk, İ. (1997). Poetika. Istanbul: Yapı Kredi Publications. Demir, N. (2012). "Evidential in Turkish". bilig, Journal of Turkish World Social Sciences 62,97-117.
➢If there is a person who translated, compiled, prepared for publication or edited the book, his/her name should be included after the author and work information. Example: Shaw, S. (1982). The Ottoman Empire. Mehmet Harmancı (Trans.). Istanbul: Sermet Matbaası.
➢Sources should be indicated as (a, b) if there is more than one publication of the same author with the same date. Example: Develi, H. (2002a). According to Evliya Çelebi Seyahatnamesine, 17th Century Ottoman Turkish Phonetic Analogies and Harmonies. Ankara: TDK Publications. Develi, H. (2002b). Risâle-i Garîbe on Eighteenth Century Istanbul Life. Istanbul: Kitabevi.
➢In encyclopedia articles, after the surname and first name of the article author, if known, the date of writing the article, the title of the article in quotation marks, the full name of the encyclopedia, volume number, place of publication, publishing house and page number should be indicated respectively: Example: İpekten, H. (1991). "Azmî-zâde Mustafa Hâletî". Encyclopedia of Islam. C. 4. Istanbul: Türkiye Diyanet Foundation Publications. 348-349.
When referencing theses, after the surname and first name of the thesis author, the date the thesis was written, the full title of the thesis in italics, the type of thesis, the city where the university where the thesis was prepared and the name of the university should be included respectively: Example: Karakaya, B. (2012). Garîbî'nin Yûsuf u Züleyhâ'sı: Review- critical text-index. Master's Thesis. Kirsehir: Ahi Evran University. Manuscripts, Author. Work Name. Library. Collection. Catalog number. leaf. should be cited: Example: Âsım. Zeyl-i Zübdetü'l-Eş'âr. Millet Library. A. Emirî Efendi. No.1326. vr. 45a.
➢To cite a work on the internet, surname of the author, name of the author. "Title of the message". Internet address. (Date of Access) is sufficient. Example: Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey. "Livelihood index (wage earners)" Electronic Data Distribution System. http://evds.tcmb.gov.tr/ (Access Date: 04.02.2009).
Article citations that have not yet been published but have been accepted for publication can also be shown as follows. Example:Atılım, M. and Ekin T. (2008). "Forecasting oil price movements with crack spread futures". Energy Economics. In press (doi:10.1016/ j.eneco.2008.07.008).
Updated on 28.07.2023.
Note: The above rules will apply to issues to be published after 28.07.2023.