Abstract
The Volcanic Region of Cappadocia is rich in obsidian, one of the most important raw material resources to prehistoric societies. It is known that deposits in the region have been used in the local chipped stone tool industry since prehistoric times. The technical sophistication of the Güvercinkayası settlement’s tools, as well as its livelihood, were shaped by obsidian and other volcanic raw materials. It is known that obsidian blades with sickle gloss and scrapers are some of the most common tools in Güvercinkayası and its chipped stone tool industry. Furthermore, some high-quality tools made of flint could have served as status symbols. In addition to finished and semi-finished products, such as mirrors and pendants made of obsidian using combined techniques (including knapping, grinding, and polishing), various composite objects made with chips of obsidian inlays were identified. In this article, 21 obsidian objects, not defined as tools, were analyzed. Most of these were found in Güvercinkayası Middle Chalcolithic (I-II) layers and a few examples were found in late-Chalcolithic (III) transitional phase deposits. The aforementioned objects are compared in terms of form and function with other samples belonging to prehistoric periods in the Near East. In this article, tools and outputs produced with chipped stone tool technologies are excluded, while alternative uses of obsidian in Güvercinkayası become the focus.
Keywords
Chalcolithic Güvercinkayası obsidian mirror inlay bead pendant
References
- ASTRUC, L./VARGIOLU, R./BEN TKAYA, M./BALKAN-ATLI, N./ÖZBAŞARAN, M./ZAHOUANI, H. 2011. “Multi-scale tribological analysis of the technique of manufacture of an obsidian bracelet from Aşıklı Höyük (Aceramic Neolithic, Central Anatolia)”, Journal of Archaeological Science 38: 3415-3424.
- BALCI, S./ALTINBİLEK-ALGÜL, Ç. 2017. “Polished Obsidian Objects: Examples of Prestige Items From Kültepe”, Colloquium Anatolicum 16: 15-30.
- BALCI, S./ALTINBİLEK-ALGÜL, Ç. 2019. “Reflections from Prehistory: Obsidian Mirrors of Güvercinkayası”, Arkeolojiyle Geçen Yarım Asır: Sevil Gülçur Armağanı (Eds. P. Çaylı/I. Demirtaş/B. Eser), Bilgin Kültür Sanat Yayınları, Ankara: 553-568.
- BALKAN-ATLI, N. 2003. “Use of Obsidian at Değirmentepe: An Ubaid Settlemeent in Eastern Anatolia”, From Villages to Towns, Studies Presented to Ufuk Esin (Eds. M. Özdoğan/H. Hauptmann/N. Başgelen), Arkeoloji ve Sanat Yayınları, İstanbul: 373-384.
- BALKAN-ATLI, N. 2005. “Paleolitikten Günümüze Obsidiyen”, Haberler 19: 1-3.
Abstract
Volkanik Kapadokya Bölgesi, tarihöncesi kültürlerin en önemli hammadde kaynaklarından biri olan obsidiyen bakımından oldukça zengindir. Bölgedeki birçok yatağın da tarihöncesi dönemlerden itibaren yontmataş alet endüstrisinde kullanıldığı bilinmektedir. Güvercinkayası yerleşmesinin geçim ekonomisini ve alet teknolojisini de obsidiyenle birlikte diğer volkanik kökenli hammadde kaynakları biçimlendirmiştir. Güvercinkayası yontmataş alet endüstrisinde obsidiyenden dilgi, kazıyıcı ve silika parlaklığı içeren orak bıçaklarının yaygın aletler arasında yer aldığı, prestij objesi olabilecek kalitedeki bazı aletlerinse çakmaktaşından üretildiği bilinmektedir. Bunların yanı sıra karma tekniklerle (yontma, sürtme ve parlatma) obsidiyenden üretilen ayna ve kolye ucu gibi tekil, bitmiş ve yarı bitmiş ürünler, yonga artığı benzeri kakmalarla çeşitli kompozit objeler de tespit edilmiştir. Bu yazıda, alet olarak tanımlanmayan, 21 obsidiyen(li) nesne incelenmiştir. Bunların çoğu Güvercinkayası Orta Kalkolitik (I-II) tabakalarda ve az sayıda örnekse Son Kalkolitik (III) geçiş evresiyle ilişkili dolgularda bulunmuştur. Söz edilen objeler, Yakındoğu’da tarihöncesi dönemlere ait diğer örneklerle birlikte değerlendirilerek, biçimsel ve işlevsel bakımdan ele alınmıştır. Yontmataş alet teknolojisiyle üretilen aletlerin ve teknolojik tanımlamaların kapsam dışı tutulduğu bu yazıda, Güvercinkayası’nda obsidiyenin farklı kullanım biçimlerine odaklanılmıştır.
Keywords
Kalkolitik Güvercinkayası obsidiyen kakma ayna boncuk kolye ucu
References
- ASTRUC, L./VARGIOLU, R./BEN TKAYA, M./BALKAN-ATLI, N./ÖZBAŞARAN, M./ZAHOUANI, H. 2011. “Multi-scale tribological analysis of the technique of manufacture of an obsidian bracelet from Aşıklı Höyük (Aceramic Neolithic, Central Anatolia)”, Journal of Archaeological Science 38: 3415-3424.
- BALCI, S./ALTINBİLEK-ALGÜL, Ç. 2017. “Polished Obsidian Objects: Examples of Prestige Items From Kültepe”, Colloquium Anatolicum 16: 15-30.
- BALCI, S./ALTINBİLEK-ALGÜL, Ç. 2019. “Reflections from Prehistory: Obsidian Mirrors of Güvercinkayası”, Arkeolojiyle Geçen Yarım Asır: Sevil Gülçur Armağanı (Eds. P. Çaylı/I. Demirtaş/B. Eser), Bilgin Kültür Sanat Yayınları, Ankara: 553-568.
- BALKAN-ATLI, N. 2003. “Use of Obsidian at Değirmentepe: An Ubaid Settlemeent in Eastern Anatolia”, From Villages to Towns, Studies Presented to Ufuk Esin (Eds. M. Özdoğan/H. Hauptmann/N. Başgelen), Arkeoloji ve Sanat Yayınları, İstanbul: 373-384.
- BALKAN-ATLI, N. 2005. “Paleolitikten Günümüze Obsidiyen”, Haberler 19: 1-3.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Archaeology |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Submission Date | April 29, 2021 |
| Publication Date | December 31, 2021 |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.22520/tubaar2021.29.001 |
| IZ | https://izlik.org/JA77FH77ZK |
| Published in Issue | Year 2021 Issue: 29 |
Cite
Publisher
Vedat Dalokay Caddesi No: 112 Çankaya 06670 ANKARA
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