Yükseköğretim Reformunda Tarihsel Arka Plan Etkisi: Savaş Sonrası İngiltere

Year 2025, Volume: 15 Issue: 3, 655 - 666, 01.12.2025

Ayşe Hilal Kaymak Ayık

Abstract

Bu makale, 1960’larda İngiltere’deki yükseköğretim reformlarının altyapısını oluşturan tarihsel bağlamı inceleyerek, bu kapsamlı dönüşüm sürecini kolaylaştıran başat unsurlara odaklanmaktadır. Bu dönemde, tarihsel arka planda belirgin olarak ortaya çıkan üç önemli durum gözlemlenmiştir: siyasi uzlaşı, ekonomik iyimserlik ve toplumsal yeniden yapılanma. Siyasi uzlaşı, İngiltere’de reform için geniş tabanlı ve kalıcı bir destek sağlarken, ekonomik iyimserlik, eğitimde giderek artan devlet yatırımlarını mümkün ve sürdürülebilir kılmıştır. Toplumsal yeniden yapılanma eğilimi ise, eğitimde daha fazla erişim, fırsat eşitliği ve sosyal hareketliliği sağlama arzusuyla, değişim için güçlü bir toplumsal itici güç oluşturmuştur. Bu üç unsur, İngiltere’deki yükseköğretim reformlarının başarılı, etkili ve uzun vadeli bir şekilde gerçekleşmesi için ihtiyaç duyulan temel zemin olmuştur. Tarihsel bir analiz yoluyla, bu makale, söz konusu unsurların nasıl etkileşime girdiğini ve bu dönemde yükseköğretim politikalarının gelişimini nasıl şekillendirdiğini ayrıntılı olarak incelemektedir. Makale, bu tarihsel unsurların, yükseköğretim politikasının yönünü şekillendirmedeki kalıcı ve dönüştürücü etkisini vurgulayarak, aynı zamanda bu unsurların günümüzdeki reform süreçlerini anlamadaki önemini ortaya koymaktadır.

Keywords

Yükseköğretim , Reform , Robbins Raporu , İngiltere , Tarihsel analiz

The Impact of Historical Background in Higher Education Reform: Post-War England

Abstract

This article examines the historical context leading up to the higher education reforms of the 1960s in England, focusing on the key factors that facilitated these transformative changes. The period saw the convergence of three crucial features: political consensus, financial optimism, and social restructuring. Political consensus helped to create broad-based support for reform, while financial optimism enabled increased government investment in education. Social restructuring, driven by a desire for greater access to education and social mobility, provided the societal impetus for change. Together, these elements formed the foundation necessary for the successful and effective reform of higher education in England. Through a historical analysis, this article explores how these forces interacted and shaped the development of higher education policy during this period. The article concludes by highlighting the lasting impact of these historical forces on the direction of higher education policy, asserting their continued relevance in understanding contemporary reform processes.

Keywords

Higher Education , Reform , Robbins Report , England , Historical Analysis

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