SİBER ÇATIŞMADA SİVİL VERİLERİN ROMA STATÜSÜ AÇISINDAN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 28 Sayı: 1, 393 - 434, 06.02.2024

Berkant Akkuş

https://doi.org/10.34246/ahbvuhfd.1327670

Öz

Saldırı ve savunma amaçlı siber yeteneklerin gelişmesiyle birlikte siber operasyonlar artan bir şekilde savaş araç ve yöntemi olarak kullanılmaya başlamıştır. Bu gerekçeyle sivillerin, sivil altyapının, sivil verilerin oluşacak siber zararlardan korunması zaruridir. Bu makalenin ana araştırma sorusu silahlı çatışma esnasında verilere yönelik gerçekleştirilen siber operasyonların Roma Stütüsü doğrultusundan savaş suçu olarak kabulünün mümkün olup olmadığını tespit edebilmektir. Bilgisayar verilerinin statüsü tartışmalıdır. Siber çatışmalarda verilere yönelik gerçekleştirilen saldırılar somut nesneleri de etkilemektedir. Bu makalede Roma Statüsü kapsamında bilgisayar verileri nesne veyahut mal olarak kabul edilebilir mi sorusunu netleştirmek amacıyla doktrindeki tartışmalara odaklanılacaktır. Aynı zamanda mahkeme kararları incelenecektir. Suçta ve cezada kanunilik ilkesi doğrultusunda Roma Statüsü’nün yeniden yorumlanması gerekmektedir. Günümüzde teknolojide yaşanan gelişmeler yeni savaş metodlarını ortaya çıkarmıştır. Bu nedenle Roma Statüsü’nün bu değişime uygun bir yanıt sağlayıp sağlamadığı değerlendirilecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Siber Saldırı, Sivil Veri, Roma Statüsü, Savaş Suçları, Uluslararası Ceza Hukuku

THE EVALUATION OF CIVILIAN DATA IN CYBER CONFLICT IN TERMS OF THE ROMA STATUTE

Öz

With the development of offensive and defensive cyber capabilities, cyber operations are increasingly being used as a means and method of warfare. For this reason, it is crucial to protect civilians, civilian infrastructure, and civilian data from cyber damage. The main research question of this article is to determine whether cyber operations against data during armed conflict can be considered as war crimes in line with the Rome Statute. The status of computer data is controversial. Attacks on data in cyber conflicts also affect tangible objects. This article will focus on the debates in the doctrine in order to clarify the question of whether computer data can be considered as object or property under the Rome Statute. At the same time, court decisions will be analyzed. The Rome Statute needs to be reinterpreted in line with the principle of legality in crime and punishment. Today, developments in technology have led to new methods of warfare. Therefore, it will be evaluated whether the Rome Statute provides an appropriate response to this change.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Cyber Attack, Civil Data, Rome Statute, War Crimes, International Criminal Law

Kaynakça

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