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Olmayanın Tarihi: Türk Sinemasında Akamete Uğrayan Projelere Giriş

Yıl 2024, Sayı: 47, 1 - 21
https://doi.org/10.31123/akil.1492360

Öz

Sinema tarihini sadece filmlere odaklanan bir yaklaşımla yazma eğilimi son 20 yıldır önemli oranda değişmiştir. Bu değişim bağlamında gözlemlenen yeni yaklaşımlardan biri de çeşitli sebeplerle olmayan/gerçekleşmeyen yani akamete uğrayan şeyleri ele alarak bunları sinema tarihinin yapıcı unsurları arasına dahil etmektir. Bu makalede, karşı-olgusal tarih, başarısızlık çalışmaları ve yapım-dışı çalışmaları kuramsal çerçevelerinden hareket edilerek, Türk sinemasında akamete uğrayan projelerin tarihine odaklanmanın ilk örneklerinden biri verilmektedir. Bu yönüyle elinizdeki makale öncü bir çalışmadır ve bir giriş niteliğidir. Kaynak olarak, Yeşilçam dönemi sinema profesyonellerine ilişkin anı, biyografi ve otobiyografi türlerindeki kitaplarında aktarılan bilgilerden yararlanılmaktadır. Amaç, akamete uğrayan şeylerin tarihsel çalışmaların bir parçası haline getirilmesinin, Türk sinema tarihine ilişkin bilgi ve varsayımları nasıl genişletebileceğini örneklemektir. Makalenin bulguları, sinema profesyonellerinin akamete uğrayan projelerden bahsederken kariyerlerinde geriye dönük bir inşa yaptıklarını ve uluslararası projeler ya da büyük bütçeli yapımlar gibi yokluğu gözlemlenen şeyleri vurguladıklarını ortaya koymaktadır. Ayrıca, bazı sinemacıların akamete uğrayan projelerinde gerçek kariyerlerinden farklı profesyonel patikalar olduğu görülmektedir. Sonuç olarak, Türk sinema tarihinde akamete uğrayan projelere odaklanmanın tarih yazımına yapacağı katkı kuramsal olarak ve örnek vakalarla ortaya konulmuştur.

Kaynakça

  • Akkurt, S. (2015, Haziran). Gerçekleşmeyen Projeler 1: Ayhan Işık-Cüneyt Arkın. Sinematik. https://sinematikyesilcam.com/2015/06/gerceklesmeyen-projeler-1-ayhan-isik-cuneyt-arkin/
  • Akkurt, S. (2018a, Ekim). Gerçekleşmeyen Projeler 3: Atıf Yılmaz ve Hababam Sınıfı. Sinematik. https://sinematikyesilcam.com/2018/10/gerceklesmeyen-projeler-atif-yilmaz-ve-hababam-sinifi/
  • Akkurt, S. (2018b, Aralık). Postacı Kapıyı İki Kere Çalar-Ajda ve Tarık Akan. Sinematik. https://sinematikyesilcam.com/2019/12/gerceklesmeyen-projeler-4-turkis-dallas/
  • Battle of Broken Hill. (2024). Içinde Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Broken_Hill&oldid=1217506542
  • Belton, J. (2009). The Story of 50mm Film. The Velvet Light Trap, 64, 84-86. https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A207462002/LitRC?u=iiht&sid=bookmark-LitRC&xid=1ad47dd8
  • Beresford, B. (2017). The Best Film I Never Made and Other Stories About a Life in the Arts. The Text Publishing Company.
  • Berg, C. R. (2009). Notes on the Emergence of Failure Studies. The Velvet Light Trap, 64, 101-102. https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A207462002/LitRC?u=iiht&sid=bookmark-LitRC&xid=1ad47dd8
  • Biltereyst, D., Maltby, R., & Meers, P. (Ed.). (2020). The Routledge Companion to New Cinema History. Routledge.
  • Biltereyst, D., & Meers, P. (2020). Comparative, Entangled, Parallel and ‘Other’ Cinema Histories. Another Reflection on the Comparative Mode Within New Cinema History. TMG Journal for Media History, 23(1-2), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.18146/tmg.795
  • Boran, T. (2021). Demokrat Parti’nin Atatürk Filmi Projeleri. Belgi Dergisi, 21, 253-277. https://doi.org/10.33431/belgi.812059
  • Bunzl, M. (2004). Counterfactual History: A User’s Guide. The American Historical Review, 109(3), 845-858. Cheplygina, V. (t.y.). CV of Failures. Dr Veronika CH. Geliş tarihi 24 Mart 2024, gönderen https://veronikach.com/failure/shadow-cv/
  • Çam, A., & Şanlıer Yüksel, İ. (2020). Exhibitor’s Cut: Travelling Cinema and Experiences of Cinemagoing in Taurus Highland Villages During 1960-1980. TMG Journal for Media History, 23(1-2), 1-37.
  • Devellioğlu, F. (2010). Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat (26. bs). Aydın Kitabevi Yayınları.
  • Dossier: Perspectives on failure. (2009). The Velvet Light Trap, 64, 76-108. https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A207462002/LitRC?u=iiht&sid=bookmark-LitRC&xid=1ad47dd8
  • Evans, R. J. (2013). Altered Pasts: Counterfactuals in History. Brandeis University Press.
  • Fehsenfeld, M. D., & Overbeck, L. M. (Ed.). (2014). The Letters of Samuel Beckett Volume I: 1929-1940 (9. bs). Cambridge University Press.
  • Fenwick, J. (2022). Unproduction studies and the American film industry. Routledge.
  • Fenwick, J., Foster, K., & Eldridge, D. (Ed.). (2022). Shadow Cinema: The Historical and Production Contexts of Unmade Films. Bloomsbury Publishing.
  • Ferguson, N. (Ed.). (1999). Virtual History: Alternatives and Counterfactuals. Basic Books.
  • Foster, K. (2019). Unseen Horrors:The Unmade Films of Hammer [PhD dissertation]. De Montfort University.
  • Gallagher, C. (2018). Telling It Like It Wasn’t: The Counterfactual Imagination in History and Fiction. University of Chicago Press.
  • Gözen, O. (2006). Bir Yeşilçam Masalı: Türk Sinemasında Yönetmen Olmak. Akis Kitap.
  • Haushofer, J. (2023, Aralık). CV of Failures. https://johanneshaushofer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Johannes_Haushofer_CV_of_Failures.pdf
  • Heitkamp, S. (2018, Kasım 27). Data as Imcomplete History. Towards Data Science. https://towardsdatascience.com/data-as-incomplete-history-5110e3bba62b
  • Hughes, D. (2001). The Greatest Sci-fi Movies Never Made. A Cappella Books.
  • Hughes, D. (2003). Tales Fom Development Hell: Hollywood Film-making the Hard Way. Titan Books.
  • Hughes, D. (2012). Tales From Development Hell: Greatest Movies Never Made? Titan Books.
  • Karadoğan, A., & Öztürk, S. R. (2022). Sansür Karar Defterleri Üzerine Bir İnceleme: Türkiye’de Sinema Sansürünün Tarihi, 1932-1988, 2. Cilt 1963-1977. T.C. Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı.
  • Keskiner, A. (2018). Çiçek Gibi: Anı Değil, Sanki Aydınımızın Bohem Tarihi (6. bs). Literatür.
  • Krämer, P. (2017a). Stanley Kubrick and the internationalisation of post-war Hollywood. New Review of Film and Television Studies, 15(2), 250-269. https://doi.org/10.1080/17400309.2016.1208993
  • Krämer, P. (2017b). Stanley Kubrick: Known and Unknown. Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television, 37(3), 373-395. https://doi.org/10.1080/01439685.2017.1342330
  • Krämer, P. (2018). An Angel in Hell: Artur Brauner and the Attempt to Make a German Oskar-Schindler-Biopic. sinecine: Sinema Araştırmaları Dergisi, 9(1), 45-80. https://doi.org/10.32001/sinecine.422296
  • Kunze, P. C. (2017). Herding Cats; or, The Possibilities of Unproduction Studies. The Velvet Light Trap, 80, 18-32. https://doi.org/10.7560/VLT8003
  • Maltby, R., Biltereyst, D., & Meers, P. (Ed.). (2011). Explorations in New Cinema History: Approaches and Case Studies. Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Negra, D. (2009). Failing Women: Hollywood and Its Chick Flick Audience. The Velvet Light Trap, 64, 91-92. https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A207462002/LitRC?u=iiht&sid=bookmark-LitRC&xid=1ad47dd8
  • Nişanyan, S. (2023). Akamet. İçinde Nişanyan Sözlük: Çağdaş Türkçenin Etimolojisi. https://www.nisanyansozluk.com/kelime/akamet
  • Nolan, D. (2013). Why Historians (and Everyone Else) Should Care About Counterfactuals. Philosophical Studies: An International Journal for Philosophy in the Analytic Tradition, 163(2), 317-335. https://doi.org/10. 1007/sl 1098-01 1-9817-z
  • Özsoy, M. (2023). Pavlidis’ten Uğur’a Giresun’da Sinemanın Toplumsal Tarihi (1914-1990). Tarih Vakfı Yurt Yayınları.
  • Rodwell, G. (2013). Counterfactual Histories and the Nature of History. İçinde Whose History? Engaging History Students through Historical Fiction. University of Adelaide Press.
  • Salt, B. (2009). Dissolved Away. The Velvet Light Trap, 64, 79.
  • https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A207462002/LitRC?u=iiht&sid=bookmark-LitRC&xid=1ad47dd8
  • Sen, S. (2022). Ghatak in the shadows: Films that struggled. İçinde J. Fenwick, K. Foster, & D. Eldridge (Ed.),
  • Shadow Cinema: The Historical and Production Contexts of Unmade Films (ss. 109-126). Bloomsbury Publishing.
  • Serengil, Ö. (1985). Yeşilçam’ı Benden Sorun. Milliyet Yayınları.
  • Sinigaglia, O. (2021, Mayıs 13). A brief history of failure. Maize. https://www.maize.io/cultural-factory/brief-history-of-failure/
  • Smith, D. M. (2022, Aralık). CV of Failures. https://cfar.ucsd.edu/media/filer_public/cd/39/cd39125a-8ce2-4796-b887-3bcfc23d1df9/cv_of_failures_12_2022.pdf
  • Soydan, S. (2022, Nisan 21). Metin Erksan’ın gerçekleştiremediği projeleri. T24. https://t24.com.tr/k24/yazi/metin-erksan-in-gerceklestiremedigi-projeleri,3672
  • Stefan, M. (2010). A CV of failures. Nature, 468(7322), 467-467. https://doi.org/10.1038/nj7322-467a
  • Şavk, S. (2024). Borrowed soundtracks: Adopting the global history approach to the study of connectedness in film history. Continuum, Latest Articles, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1080/10304312.2024.2343857
  • Şoray, T. (2017). Sinemam ve Ben. Türkiye İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları.
  • Tomlinson, K. (2020, Nisan 21). CV of Failures. Kiran Tomlinson. https://www.cs.cornell.edu/~kt/post/failure-cv/
  • Tuncer, E. (2020). Gül Gibi Zabıta Dururken Kızını Çöpçüye Veren Adam: Bir İhsan Yüce Kitabı. Nemesis Kitap.

History of the Unhappened: An Introduction to Failed Projects in Turkish Cinema

Yıl 2024, Sayı: 47, 1 - 21
https://doi.org/10.31123/akil.1492360

Öz

Writing history of cinema by solely focusing on films has significantly changed since the last two decades. One of the new approaches observed in this change is to address the things that failed or did not happen for various reasons, and include them among constructive elements of cinema history. By drawing on the theoretical frameworks of counterfactual history, failure studies and unproduction studies, this article gives an early example focusing on the history of failed projects in Turkish cinema. In this respect, it is a pioneering article. As historical resources, the article benefits from memoirs, biographies and autobiographies of Yeşilçam professionals. The aim is to illustrate how the incorporation of failure into historical studies can expand knowledge and assumptions about the history of Turkish cinema. Our findings reveal that when cinema professionals mention their failed projects, they do a retrospective reconstruction of their careers and emphasize things that have been absent, such as international projects or big productions. Moreover, some cinema professionals' failed projects seem to represent professional paths that differentiate from their actual careers. In conclusion, the article demonstrates the contribution of focusing on failed projects in the history of Turkish cinema in theoretical terms and through cases.

Kaynakça

  • Akkurt, S. (2015, Haziran). Gerçekleşmeyen Projeler 1: Ayhan Işık-Cüneyt Arkın. Sinematik. https://sinematikyesilcam.com/2015/06/gerceklesmeyen-projeler-1-ayhan-isik-cuneyt-arkin/
  • Akkurt, S. (2018a, Ekim). Gerçekleşmeyen Projeler 3: Atıf Yılmaz ve Hababam Sınıfı. Sinematik. https://sinematikyesilcam.com/2018/10/gerceklesmeyen-projeler-atif-yilmaz-ve-hababam-sinifi/
  • Akkurt, S. (2018b, Aralık). Postacı Kapıyı İki Kere Çalar-Ajda ve Tarık Akan. Sinematik. https://sinematikyesilcam.com/2019/12/gerceklesmeyen-projeler-4-turkis-dallas/
  • Battle of Broken Hill. (2024). Içinde Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Broken_Hill&oldid=1217506542
  • Belton, J. (2009). The Story of 50mm Film. The Velvet Light Trap, 64, 84-86. https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A207462002/LitRC?u=iiht&sid=bookmark-LitRC&xid=1ad47dd8
  • Beresford, B. (2017). The Best Film I Never Made and Other Stories About a Life in the Arts. The Text Publishing Company.
  • Berg, C. R. (2009). Notes on the Emergence of Failure Studies. The Velvet Light Trap, 64, 101-102. https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A207462002/LitRC?u=iiht&sid=bookmark-LitRC&xid=1ad47dd8
  • Biltereyst, D., Maltby, R., & Meers, P. (Ed.). (2020). The Routledge Companion to New Cinema History. Routledge.
  • Biltereyst, D., & Meers, P. (2020). Comparative, Entangled, Parallel and ‘Other’ Cinema Histories. Another Reflection on the Comparative Mode Within New Cinema History. TMG Journal for Media History, 23(1-2), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.18146/tmg.795
  • Boran, T. (2021). Demokrat Parti’nin Atatürk Filmi Projeleri. Belgi Dergisi, 21, 253-277. https://doi.org/10.33431/belgi.812059
  • Bunzl, M. (2004). Counterfactual History: A User’s Guide. The American Historical Review, 109(3), 845-858. Cheplygina, V. (t.y.). CV of Failures. Dr Veronika CH. Geliş tarihi 24 Mart 2024, gönderen https://veronikach.com/failure/shadow-cv/
  • Çam, A., & Şanlıer Yüksel, İ. (2020). Exhibitor’s Cut: Travelling Cinema and Experiences of Cinemagoing in Taurus Highland Villages During 1960-1980. TMG Journal for Media History, 23(1-2), 1-37.
  • Devellioğlu, F. (2010). Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat (26. bs). Aydın Kitabevi Yayınları.
  • Dossier: Perspectives on failure. (2009). The Velvet Light Trap, 64, 76-108. https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A207462002/LitRC?u=iiht&sid=bookmark-LitRC&xid=1ad47dd8
  • Evans, R. J. (2013). Altered Pasts: Counterfactuals in History. Brandeis University Press.
  • Fehsenfeld, M. D., & Overbeck, L. M. (Ed.). (2014). The Letters of Samuel Beckett Volume I: 1929-1940 (9. bs). Cambridge University Press.
  • Fenwick, J. (2022). Unproduction studies and the American film industry. Routledge.
  • Fenwick, J., Foster, K., & Eldridge, D. (Ed.). (2022). Shadow Cinema: The Historical and Production Contexts of Unmade Films. Bloomsbury Publishing.
  • Ferguson, N. (Ed.). (1999). Virtual History: Alternatives and Counterfactuals. Basic Books.
  • Foster, K. (2019). Unseen Horrors:The Unmade Films of Hammer [PhD dissertation]. De Montfort University.
  • Gallagher, C. (2018). Telling It Like It Wasn’t: The Counterfactual Imagination in History and Fiction. University of Chicago Press.
  • Gözen, O. (2006). Bir Yeşilçam Masalı: Türk Sinemasında Yönetmen Olmak. Akis Kitap.
  • Haushofer, J. (2023, Aralık). CV of Failures. https://johanneshaushofer.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Johannes_Haushofer_CV_of_Failures.pdf
  • Heitkamp, S. (2018, Kasım 27). Data as Imcomplete History. Towards Data Science. https://towardsdatascience.com/data-as-incomplete-history-5110e3bba62b
  • Hughes, D. (2001). The Greatest Sci-fi Movies Never Made. A Cappella Books.
  • Hughes, D. (2003). Tales Fom Development Hell: Hollywood Film-making the Hard Way. Titan Books.
  • Hughes, D. (2012). Tales From Development Hell: Greatest Movies Never Made? Titan Books.
  • Karadoğan, A., & Öztürk, S. R. (2022). Sansür Karar Defterleri Üzerine Bir İnceleme: Türkiye’de Sinema Sansürünün Tarihi, 1932-1988, 2. Cilt 1963-1977. T.C. Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı.
  • Keskiner, A. (2018). Çiçek Gibi: Anı Değil, Sanki Aydınımızın Bohem Tarihi (6. bs). Literatür.
  • Krämer, P. (2017a). Stanley Kubrick and the internationalisation of post-war Hollywood. New Review of Film and Television Studies, 15(2), 250-269. https://doi.org/10.1080/17400309.2016.1208993
  • Krämer, P. (2017b). Stanley Kubrick: Known and Unknown. Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television, 37(3), 373-395. https://doi.org/10.1080/01439685.2017.1342330
  • Krämer, P. (2018). An Angel in Hell: Artur Brauner and the Attempt to Make a German Oskar-Schindler-Biopic. sinecine: Sinema Araştırmaları Dergisi, 9(1), 45-80. https://doi.org/10.32001/sinecine.422296
  • Kunze, P. C. (2017). Herding Cats; or, The Possibilities of Unproduction Studies. The Velvet Light Trap, 80, 18-32. https://doi.org/10.7560/VLT8003
  • Maltby, R., Biltereyst, D., & Meers, P. (Ed.). (2011). Explorations in New Cinema History: Approaches and Case Studies. Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Negra, D. (2009). Failing Women: Hollywood and Its Chick Flick Audience. The Velvet Light Trap, 64, 91-92. https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A207462002/LitRC?u=iiht&sid=bookmark-LitRC&xid=1ad47dd8
  • Nişanyan, S. (2023). Akamet. İçinde Nişanyan Sözlük: Çağdaş Türkçenin Etimolojisi. https://www.nisanyansozluk.com/kelime/akamet
  • Nolan, D. (2013). Why Historians (and Everyone Else) Should Care About Counterfactuals. Philosophical Studies: An International Journal for Philosophy in the Analytic Tradition, 163(2), 317-335. https://doi.org/10. 1007/sl 1098-01 1-9817-z
  • Özsoy, M. (2023). Pavlidis’ten Uğur’a Giresun’da Sinemanın Toplumsal Tarihi (1914-1990). Tarih Vakfı Yurt Yayınları.
  • Rodwell, G. (2013). Counterfactual Histories and the Nature of History. İçinde Whose History? Engaging History Students through Historical Fiction. University of Adelaide Press.
  • Salt, B. (2009). Dissolved Away. The Velvet Light Trap, 64, 79.
  • https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A207462002/LitRC?u=iiht&sid=bookmark-LitRC&xid=1ad47dd8
  • Sen, S. (2022). Ghatak in the shadows: Films that struggled. İçinde J. Fenwick, K. Foster, & D. Eldridge (Ed.),
  • Shadow Cinema: The Historical and Production Contexts of Unmade Films (ss. 109-126). Bloomsbury Publishing.
  • Serengil, Ö. (1985). Yeşilçam’ı Benden Sorun. Milliyet Yayınları.
  • Sinigaglia, O. (2021, Mayıs 13). A brief history of failure. Maize. https://www.maize.io/cultural-factory/brief-history-of-failure/
  • Smith, D. M. (2022, Aralık). CV of Failures. https://cfar.ucsd.edu/media/filer_public/cd/39/cd39125a-8ce2-4796-b887-3bcfc23d1df9/cv_of_failures_12_2022.pdf
  • Soydan, S. (2022, Nisan 21). Metin Erksan’ın gerçekleştiremediği projeleri. T24. https://t24.com.tr/k24/yazi/metin-erksan-in-gerceklestiremedigi-projeleri,3672
  • Stefan, M. (2010). A CV of failures. Nature, 468(7322), 467-467. https://doi.org/10.1038/nj7322-467a
  • Şavk, S. (2024). Borrowed soundtracks: Adopting the global history approach to the study of connectedness in film history. Continuum, Latest Articles, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1080/10304312.2024.2343857
  • Şoray, T. (2017). Sinemam ve Ben. Türkiye İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları.
  • Tomlinson, K. (2020, Nisan 21). CV of Failures. Kiran Tomlinson. https://www.cs.cornell.edu/~kt/post/failure-cv/
  • Tuncer, E. (2020). Gül Gibi Zabıta Dururken Kızını Çöpçüye Veren Adam: Bir İhsan Yüce Kitabı. Nemesis Kitap.
Toplam 52 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular İletişim ve Medya Çalışmaları (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Serkan Şavk 0000-0002-3926-8384

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 8 Ekim 2024
Yayımlanma Tarihi
Gönderilme Tarihi 30 Mayıs 2024
Kabul Tarihi 18 Ağustos 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Sayı: 47

Kaynak Göster

APA Şavk, S. (2024). Olmayanın Tarihi: Türk Sinemasında Akamete Uğrayan Projelere Giriş. Akdeniz Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Dergisi(47), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.31123/akil.1492360