Ülkelerin Gelişmişlik Düzeyine Göre Birleşmiş Milletler Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları Kapsamında Çevresel Sürdürülebilirliğin Değerlendirilmesi: Panel Kantil Regresyon Analizi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 209 - 222, 30.01.2025

Çetin Ünen , Faik Bilgili

https://doi.org/10.29023/alanyaakademik.1537744

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Birleşmiş Milletler Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları (SKA) kapsamında çevresel sürdürülebilirliğin ülkelerin gelişmişlik düzeyine göre değerlendirilmesi yapılmıştır. Çalışma, 1990-2020 yılları arasında 60 yüksek gelirli, 106 orta gelirli ve 23 düşük gelirli ülkeden elde edilen verileri kullanarak çevresel sürdürülebilirlik ve ekonomik gelişmişlik arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektedir. Panel kantil regresyon analizi yöntemi kullanılarak, ülkelerin gelişmişlik düzeylerine göre çevresel sürdürülebilirlik performanslarındaki farklılıklar ortaya konulmuştur. Sonuçlar, ekonomik gelişmişlik ve çevresel sürdürülebilirlik arasındaki ilişkinin karmaşık olduğunu ve ülkelerin gelişmişlik düzeylerinin bu ilişki üzerinde önemli bir etkisi olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Özellikle, düşük gelirli ülkelerde çevresel bozulmanın daha belirgin olduğu ve SKA’ların etkinliğinin bu ülkelerde sınırlı kaldığı görülmüştür. Bu bulgular, politika yapıcıların sürdürülebilir kalkınma stratejilerini gözden geçirmeleri gerektiğini ve özellikle düşük gelirli ülkelerde daha etkili çevresel koruma önlemleri alınması gerektiğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları, Ekolojik Ayak İzi, Panel Kantil Regresyon

Assessment of Environmental Sustainability within the Scope of United Nations Sustainable Development Goals According to the Development Level of Countries: Panel Quantile Regression Analysis

Öz

In this study, environmental sustainability is assessed according to the development level of countries within the scope of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The study examines the relationship between environmental sustainability and economic development using data from 60 high-income, 106 middle-income and 23 low-income countries between 1990 and 2020. Using panel quantile regression analysis, differences in the environmental sustainability performance of countries according to their level of development are revealed. The results reveal that the relationship between economic development and environmental sustainability is complex and that the level of development of countries has a significant impact on this relationship. In particular, environmental degradation is more pronounced in low-income countries and the effectiveness of the SDGs is limited in these countries. These findings suggest that policymakers should review their sustainable development strategies and take more effective environmental protection measures, especially in low-income countries.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sustainable Development Goals, Ecological Footprint, Panel Quantile Regression

Kaynakça

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