Relationship between Perceived Self-Efficacy and Organizational Cynicism: The Mediation Role of Perceived Supervisor Support

Abstract

In this study, the relationship between employees' self-efficacy perceptions and organizational cynicism was investigated. Moreover, the mediating relationship of perceived manager support on this relationship is examined. Within the scope of the study, 150 people working in different public institutions were surveyed. Correlation analysis, linear regression analysis and hierarchical regression analysis were applied to test the research model. Results showed that self-efficacy perception is positively related to employees’ cynical attitudes toward the organization. It was also found that perceived supervisor support has mediated effect on this relationship.   

Keywords

• Self-Efficacy,Organizational Cynicism,Perceived Supervisor Support

Öz-Yeterlik Algısı ve Örgütsel Sinizm İlişkisi: Algılanan Yönetici Desteğinin Aracılık Rolü

Öz

Bu çalışmada, çalışanların öz-yeterlik algıları ve örgütsel sinizm arasındaki ilişki araştırılmıştır. Ayrıca bu ilişki üzerinde algılanan yönetici desteğinin aracılık etkisi incelenmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında farklı kamu kuruluşlarında görev yapan 150 kişiyle anket yapılmıştır. Araştırma modelini test etmek için korelasyon analizi, doğrusal regresyon analizi ve hiyerarşik regresyon analizi uygulanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, öz-yeterlilik algısı ile çalışanların örgüte karşı sinik tutumları arasında aynı yönde ilişki olduğu ve bu ilişki üzerinde algılanan yönetici desteğinin tam aracılık etkisine sahip olduğu bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Öz-Yeterlik Algısı,Örgütsel Sinizm,Algılanan Yönetici Desteği

Kaynakça

1. Akyüz, B., Kesen, M., & Oğrak, A. (2016). Örgütsel güven ve akademik özyeterlik algısının genel sinizm ve etik dışı davranışlara etkisi. Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 7(1), 085-106.
2. Andersson, L., & Bateman, T. S. (1997). Cynicism in the workplace: Some causes and effects. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 18, 449-469.
3. Bandura, A. (1982). Self-efficacy mechanism in human agency. American Psychologist, 37(2), 122-147.
4. Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The Moderator-Mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173-1182.
5. Başaran, İ. E.,(1991). Örgütsel Davranış: İnsanın Üretim Gücü. Ankara: Kadıoğlu Yayıncılık.
6. Bhanthumnavin, D. (2003). Perceived social support from supervisor and group members' psychological and situational characteristics as predictors of subordinate performance in Thai work units. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 14(1), 79-97.
7. Brandes, P.,Dharwadkar, R., Dean, J. W. (1999), Does organizational cynicism matter? Employeeand supervisor perspectives on work outcomes.Eastern Academy of Management Proceedings, 150-153.
8. Bresó, E., & Salanova, M. (2007). In search of the “third dimension” of burnout: efficacy or Inefficacy? Applied Psychology: An International Review, 56(3), 460-478.

9. Bernerth, J. B.,Armenakis, A. A., Feild, H. S., &Walker, H. J. (2007). Justice, cynicism, andcommitment a study of importantorganizationalchangevariables.TheJournal of AppliedBehavioralScience,43(3), 303-326.
10. Chen, T., Li, F., & Leung, K. (2016). When does supervisor support encourage innovative behavior? Opposite moderating effects of general self-efficacy and internal locus of control. Personnel Psychology, 69, 123-158.
11. Cole, M. S., Bruch, H., & Vogel, B. (2006). Emotion as mediators of the relations between perceived supervisor support and psychological hardiness on employee cynicism. Journal of Organizational Behaviour, 27, 463-484.
12. Dean, J. W.,Brandes, P., Dharwadkar R. (1998).Organizational cynicism, The Academy of Management Review,23(2), 341-352.
13. Fitzgerald, M. (2002), OrganizationalCynicism: ItsRelationship Perceived Organizational Injustice Explanatory Style,Doktora Tezi. Cincinnati: University of Cincinnati.
14. Gist, M. E., (1987). Self-Efficacy: Implications for organizational behavior and human resource management. The Academy of Management Review, 12(3), 472-485.
15. Gordon, J. R., (1998). Organizational Behavior A Diagnostic Approach. UpperSaddleRiver, PrenticeHall, New Jersey.
16. Gouweloos-Trines, J., Tyler, M. P., Giummarra, M. J., Adams, N. K., Landolt, M. A., Kleber, R. J., & Alisic, E. (2017). Perceived support at work after critical incidents and its relation to psychological distress: a survey among prehospital providers. Emerg Med J, 34(12), 816-822.
17. Gupta, K. S. (2007). Empowerment: A comparative study. The ICFAI Journal of Organizational Behavior, 6(4), 37-52.
18. Hoyi. F., (1981). Ast-üst ilişkileri içerisinde etkileşimler,örgüt içi küçük gruplar (klikler) ve üst yönetim açısından yaklaşımlar. Yönetim Psikolojisi II. Ulusal Sempozyumubildiriler kitabı içinde (s.105-118) TODAİE Yayınları, Ankara.
19. Johnson J. L.,O’Leary-Kelly, A. M. (2003).Theeffects of psychologicalcontractbreachandorganizationalcynicism: Not allsocialexchangeviolationsarecreatedequal, Journal of Organizational, 24, 627-647.
20. Karacaoğlu, K., & İnce, F. (2013). Pozitif örgütsel davranışın örgütsel sinizm üzerindeki etkileri: Kayseri ilindeki imalat sanayii işletmelerinde bir uygulama. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 18(1), 181-202.
21. Karatepe, O. M., & Olughade, O. A. (2009). The effects of job and personal resources on hotel employees' work engagement. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 28, 504-512.
22. Kesen, M., & Akyüz, B. (2015). Akademik özyeterlik algısı, örgütsel güven ve örgütsel sinizm ilişkisinin yapısal eşitlik modeli ile incelenmesi. Atatürk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 19(3), 47-68.
23. Lai, L., & Kapstad, J. C. (2009). Perceived competence mobilization: an explorative study of predictors and impact on turnover intentions. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 20(9), 1985–1998.
24. Lorinkova, N. M., & Perry, S. J. (2017). When is empowerment effective? The role of leader-leader exchange in empowering leadership, cynicism, and time theft. Journal of Management, 43(5), 1631–1654.
25. Mills, M. J., Matthews, R. A., Henning, J. B., & Woo, V. A. (2014). Family-supportive organizations and supervisors: how do they influence employee outcomes and for whom? The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 25(12), 1763–1785.
26. Mousa, M., & Abdelgaffar, H. A. (2017). Afloat in uncertainty and cynicism : An experience from egypt. Journal of Commerce & Management Thought, 8(3), 508-530.
27. Neves, P. (2012). Organizational cynicism: Spillover effects on supervisor–subordinate relationships and performance. The Leadership Quarterly, 23, 965–976.
28. Nisula, A.-M. (2015). The relationship between supervisor support and individual improvisation. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 36(5), 473 - 488.
29. Onyishi, I. E., & Ogbodo, E. (2012). The contributions of self-efficacy and perceived organisational support when taking charge at work. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 38(1), 1-11.
30. Park, R., & Jang, S. J. (2017). Mediating role of perceived supervisor support in the relationship between job autonomy and mental health: moderating role of value–means fit. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 28(5), 1466-4399.
31. Pati, S. P., & Kumar, P. (2010). Employee engagement: Role of self-efficacy, organizational support & supervisor support. The Indian Journal of Industrial Relations, 46(1), 126-137.
32. Richardsen, A. M., Burke, R. J., & Martinussen, M. (2006). Work and health outcomes among police officers: The mediating role of police cynicism and engagement. International Journal of Stress Management, 11(4), 555–574.
33. Robbins, S.P., &Judge, T. A. (2012). Örgütsel Davranış.(çev. İnci Erdem). İstanbul: Nobel Yayıncılık.
34. Schaufeli, W. B., & Salanova, M. (2007). Efficacy or inefficacy, that’s the question: Burnout and work engagement, and their relationships with efficacy beliefs. Anxiety, Stress, and Coping, 20(2), 177-196.
35. Schwarzer, R., & Jerusalem, M. (1995). The General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE).(Erişim:05.05. 2016), http://userpage.fu-berlin.de/~health/engscal.htm
36. Sinokki, M.,Hinkka, K., Ahola, K., Koskinen, S., Kivimäki, M., Honkonen, T., Puukka, P., Klaukka, T., Lönnqvist, J., Virtanen, M. (2009).Theassociation of socialsupport at workand in private life withmentalhealthandantidepressantuse: TheHealth 2000 Study,Journal of AffectiveDisorders, 2009, 115, p.36–45.
37. Son, S., & Kim, D.-Y. (2016). The role of perceived management supportand trust in mentors on protégés’organizational citizenship behavior. Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, 54(4), 481–497.
38. Stajkovic, A. D.,&Luthans, F.(1998). Self-efficacyandwork-relatedperformance: A meta-analysis. PsychologicalBulletin, 124(2), 240-261.
39. Yasin, T., & Khalid, S. (2015). Organizational cynicism, work related quality of life and organizational commitment in employees. Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences, 9(2), 568-582.