DİJİTAL YANKIDAN ENTELEKTÜEL SENTEZE: YAPAY ZEKA ÇAĞINDA BİLGİNİN DÖNÜŞÜMÜ ÜZERİNE SİSTEMATİK BİR DERLEME

Öz

Yapay zekânın eğitim ekosistemlerine entegrasyonu; bilginin üretildiği, tüketildiği ve doğrulandığı süreçleri dönüştürmektedir. Bu dönüşümün iki kutbunda iki farklı fenomen yer almaktadır. Bir yanda algoritmik öneri sistemlerinin öğrencileri kendi inançlarını pekiştiren bilgi balonlarında tuttuğu dijital yankı odaları, diğer yanda yapay zekânın ham veriyi anlamlı kavrayışa dönüştürmek suretiyle entelektüel sentezi mümkün kılma potansiyeli bulunmaktadır. Mevcut alanyazın bu iki olguyu büyük ölçüde ayrı araştırma gündemlerinde ele almaktadır. Dijital yankıdan entelektüel senteze uzanan dönüşümün bütünleşik bir pedagojik perspektiften haritalandığı kapsamlı bir sistematik derleme henüz yer bulmamaktadır. Bu boşluktan hareketle çalışmada, Ocak-Mart 2026 tarihleri arasında Web of Science, Scopus ve ERIC veritabanlarında yayımlanmış araştırmalar PRISMA 2020 protokolü çerçevesinde taranmış; 873 kayıttan belirlenen kriterlere göre seçilen 18 çalışma içerik analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Araştırma bulguları; algoritmik filtre balonlarının ve yankı odalarının epistemik kapasite üzerindeki etkilerini, Bloom taksonomisi çerçevesinde üst düzey düşünme becerilerinin yapay zekâyla nasıl dönüşebildiğini ve ham veriden entelektüel senteze uzanan “bilginin yeni simyası” sürecinin eğitim ortamlarındaki tezahürlerini haritalamaktadır. Bu metafor, yapay zekânın ham veriyi -simyacıların madenleri değerli metale dönüştürme çabasına benzer biçimde- doğrudan bilgiye değil; ancak doğru pedagojik süreçlerle anlamlı kavrayışa dönüştürülebilecek bir ara malzemeye işaret etmesini ifade etmektedir. Sunulan kavramsal çerçeveler öneri niteliği taşımakta olup ampirik doğrulama gerektirmektedir. Bu çalışma, eğitimcilere yapay zekânın epistemik kapasite üzerindeki olası tehditlerini ve entelektüel sentezi güçlendirme fırsatlarını anlamlandırmak için bir referans çerçevesi sunmayı hedeflemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• dijital yankı odası
• entelektüel sentez
• üretken yapay zekâ
• epistemik kapasite
• eleştirel düşünme.

From Digital Echo to Intellectual Synthesis: A Systematic Review on the Transformation of Knowledge in the Age of Artificial Intelligence

Öz

The integration of artificial intelligence into educational ecosystems is transforming the processes through which knowledge is produced, consumed, and verified. At the two opposing poles of this transformation lie two distinct phenomena: digital echo chambers, in which algorithmic recommendation systems may confine students within information bubbles that reinforce their existing beliefs; and the potential of artificial intelligence to enable intellectual synthesis. The existing literature addresses these two phenomena largely within separate research agendas. Drawing on this gap, searches were conducted between January and March 2026 in Web of Science, Scopus, and ERIC databases following the PRISMA 2020 protocol; from 873 initial records, 18 studies selected according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria were subjected to content analysis. The findings map the effects of algorithmic filter bubbles and echo chambers on epistemic capacity, the transformation of higher-order thinking skills through Bloom's taxonomy, and manifestations of the “new alchemy of knowledge” in educational settings -a metaphor denoting the pedagogically mediated process through which AI-processed raw data is transformed into meaningful understanding, rather than knowledge itself. The conceptual frameworks proposed herein are exploratory in nature and require empirical validation. This study aims to provide educators with a reference framework for understanding both the potential threats AI poses to epistemic capacity and the opportunities it may offer for strengthening intellectual synthesis.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• digital echo chamber
• intellectual synthesis
• generative artificial intelligence
• epistemic capacity
• critical thinking

Kaynakça

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