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ACADEMIC VIEW OF THE INDUSTRY 4.0

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 33 Sayı: 4, 1065 - 1081, 25.10.2019

Öz

Industry 4.0 is a study to regain the competitive
advantage that is being gradually lost due to the aging population and the
decreasing labour force in Germany. For the first time, this term was used in
2011 at the Hannover Trade Fair and its contents were announced at this fair.
It is aimed to provide maximum output with less energy, raw material, and
labour consumption. Robots, machines, sensors, and software are the main
elements for this purpose. While the importance of labour decreased with these
new developments, on the other hand, artificial intelligence, robotic
technology, and software have started to become more important. The fact that
man is not involved in the production is considered as a revolution and it is
thought that this revolution will deeply affect our country as it is in all
countries of the world, as in the previous industrial revolutions. In order to
be prepared for these effects and to take the necessary measures, it is
important for our society to know what the subject really means, how well it is
known and what stage we are at. In this context, the study is discussed to
reveal the issues that are expressed. In this context, data were collected from
semi-structured interview technique from the academic staff of Kafkas
University, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Department of
Business Administration and Faculty of Engineering. According to the results,
it was determined that academicians give an importance to Industry 4.0
 and see this program as a necessity for enterprises. 

Kaynakça

  • Alçın, S. (2016), “Üretim İçin Yeni Bir İzlek: Sanayi 4.0”, Journal of Life Economics, 3 (2), ss. 19-30, https://doi.org/10.15637/jlecon.129
  • Akın Robotics, https://www.akinrobotics.com/tr/, Erişim Tarihi:17.10.2018
  • Altınay Robot, http://www.altinay.com/tr/, Erişim Tarihi:17.08.2018
  • Dallasega, P., Rauch, E. ve Linder C.(2018), “Industry 4.0 as An Enabler of Proximity for Construction Supply Chains: A Systematic Literature Review”, Computers in Industry, 99, ss.205–225, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compind.2018.03.039
  • Davies, R., Coole, T. ve Smith A. (2017), “Review of Socio-Technical Considerations to Ensure Successful Implementation of Industry 4.0”, Procedia Manufacturing, 11, ss. 1288-1295, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2017.07.256
  • Dergipark,www.dergipark.gov.tr, Erişim Tarihi:17.08.2018
  • Ege Bölgesi Sanayi Odası (EBSO) (2015), “Sanayi 4.0”, Ege Bölgesi Sanayi Odası Yayınları.
  • Göçmen, E. ve Erol, R.(2018), “The Transition to Industry 4.0 in One Of The Turkish Logistics Company”, International Journal Of 3d Printing Technologies and Digital Industry, 2 (1), ss. 76-85.
  • Gönen, S. ve Rasgen, M.(2016), “Kurumsal Kaynak Planlaması Ve Satın Alma Süreci Uygulaması.”, Paradigma, 1 (1), ss. 15-33.
  • Habertürk Gazetesi, https://www.haberturk.com/arcelik-cerkezkoyde-500-milyon-tllik-yatirimla-gelecegin-akilli-televizyon-fabrikasini-kurdu-2190460-ekonomi#, Erişim Tarihi:25.10.2018
  • Hofmann, E. ve Rüsch, M.(2017), “Industry 4.0 and The Current Status as Well as Future Prospects on Logistics”, Computers in Industry, 89, ss.23–34, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compind.2017.04.002
  • Hyperledger Fabric, https://www.hyperledger.org/projects/fabric, Erişim Tarihi:12.08.2018
  • Jabbour, A.B.L.S., Jabbour, C.J.C. ve Filho, C. F.M.G.(2018), “When Titans Meet – Can İndustry 4.0 Revolutionise The Environmentally Sustainable Manufacturing Wave? The Role of Critical Success Factors.”, Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 132, ss. 18-25, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.01.017
  • Kagermann, H., Lukas,W. ve Wahlster,W. (2011), “Industrie 4.0: Mit dem Internet der Dinge auf dem Weg zur 4. industriellen Revolution.”, VDI nachrichten, 13. ss:2, http://www.wolfgang-wahlster.de/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/Industrie_4_0_Mit_dem_Internet_der_Dinge_auf_dem_Weg_zur_vierten_industriellen_Revolution_2.pdf, Erişim Tarihi:12.10.2018
  • Kamble, S.S., Gunasekaran, A. ve Sharma, R. (2018), “Analysis of the Driving and Dependence Power of Barriers to Adopt Industry 4.0 in Indian Manufacturing Industry”, Computers in Industry, 101,ss. 107-119, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compind.2018.06.004
  • Kuo, C., Ting,C., Chen, Y., Yang, D. ve Chen, H.(2017), “Automatic machine status prediction in the era of Industry 4.0: Case study of machines in a spring factory”, Journal of Systems Architecture, 81, ss. 44-53, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sysarc.2017.10.007
  • Lina, C., Hea, D., Huang, X., Chooc, K. ve Vasilakos, A. (2018), “BSeIn: A Blockchain-Based Secure Mutual Authentication With Fine-Grained Access Control System for İndustry 4.0”, Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 116, ss. 42–52, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnca.2018.05.005
  • Marks, Karl (Çevr. Bilgi, A.),(2003), “Kapital, Kapitalist Üretimin Eleştirel Bir Tahlili, I.Cilt”, Üçüncü Baskı, Eriş Yayınları.
  • Mrugalska, B. ve Wyrwicka, M.K. (2017),“Towards Lean Production in Industry 4.0”, Procedia Engineering, 182, ss. 466-473, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.03.135
  • Murray, J.C.(2010), Technologies of Power in the Victorian Period, Cambria Press, New York
  • Müller, J.M., Buliga,O. ve Voigt, K.(2018), “Fortune Favors The Prepared: How SMEs Approach Business Model Innovations in Industry 4.0”, Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 132, ss. 2–17, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2017.12.019
  • Nunes, L.M., Pereira A.C. ve Alves A.C. (2017), Smart Products Development Approaches for Industry 4.0”, Procedia Manufacturing, 13, ss. 1215-1222, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2017.09.035
  • Öztemel, E. ve Gürsev,S.(2018),”Türkiye'de Lojistik Yönetiminde Endüstri 4.0 Etkileri ve Yatırım İmkanlarına Bakış Üzerine Anket Uygulaması”, Marmara Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 2, ss. 157-168, https://doi.org/10.7240/marufbd.408560
  • Poonpakdee, P., Koiwanit, J. ve Yuangyai, C. (2017), “Decentralized Network Building Change in Large Manufacturing Companies Towards Industry 4.0”, Procedia Computer Science, 110, ss. 46-53, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2017.06.113
  • Reischauer, G. (2018), “Industry 4.0 As Policy-Driven Discourse to Institutionalize Innovation Systems in Manufacturing”, Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 132, ss. 26–33, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.02.012
  • Rubmann, M., Lorenz, M., Gerbert, P., Waldner, M., Justus, J., Engel, P. and Harnisch, M. (2015), “Industry 4.0: The Future of Productivity and Growth in Manufacturing Industries”, ss.2, https://www.bcg.com/publications/2015/engineered_products_project_business_industry_4_future_productivity_growth_manufacturing_industries.aspx, Erişim Tarihi:12.10.2018
  • Samsung SDS Nexledger, https://www.samsungsds.com/global/en/solutions/off/nexledger/Nexledger.html, Erişim Tarihi:03.09.2018
  • Schwab, K. (2016). Dördüncü Sanayi Devrimi (Çev. Zülfü Dicleli). Optimist Yayınları, İstanbul
  • Science Direct, www.sciencedirect.com, Erişim Tarihi:03.09.2018
  • Schumpeter, J.A. (1942), Capitalism, Socialism & Democracy, George Allen & Unwin Publishers, Londra
  • Siemens (2014), “Endüstri 4.0 Yolunda”, http://siemens.e-dergi.com/pubs/Endustri40/Endustri40/assets/common/downloads/publication.pdf, Erişim Tarihi:12.10.2018
  • Thames, L. ve Schaefer D. (2016), “Software-Defined Cloud Manufacturing for Industry 4.0”, Procedia CIRP, 52, ss.12 – 17, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2016.07.041
  • Tjahjono, B., Esplugues, C., Ares E. ve Pelaez, G.( 2017), “What does Industry 4.0 mean to Supply Chain?”, Procedia Manufacturing, 13, ss.1175-1182, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2017.09.191
  • TUBİTAK (2016), “Endüstri 4.0 Yeni Sanayi Devrimi Yol Haritası”, Ankara
  • Türkiye’nin Endüstri 4.0 Platformu, https://www.endustri40.com/, Erişim Tarihi:12.10.2018
  • TÜSİAD-BCG (2016): “Türkiye’nin Küresel Rekabetçiliği İçin Bir Gereklilik Olarak Endüstri 4.0 – Gelişmekte Olan Ekonomi Perspektifi”, http://www.tusiad.org/indir/2016/sanayi-40.pdf, Erişim Tarihi:12.10.2018
  • Ungera, H., Börnera, F. ve Müllera, E.(2017), “Context Related Information Provision İn Industry 4.0 Environments”, Procedia Manufacturing, 11, ss. 796-805, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2017.07.181
  • Vaidya, S., Ambad, P. ve Bhosle, S. (2018), “ Industry 4.0-A Glimpse”, 2nd International Conference on Materials Manufacturing and Design Engineering, ss.233-238, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2018.02.034
  • Zhong, R.Y., Xu, X., Klotz, E. ve Newman S.T.(2017), “Intelligent Manufacturing in the Context of Industry 4.0: A Review”, Engineering, 3, ss. 616–630, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/J.ENG.2017.05.015

ENDÜSTRİ 4.0’A AKADEMİK BAKIŞ

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 33 Sayı: 4, 1065 - 1081, 25.10.2019

Öz

Endüstri
4.0, Almanya’da yaşlanan nüfus ve azalan iş gücü nedeniyle yavaş yavaş
kaybedilen rekabet avantajını tekrar kazanmak için yapılan bir çalışmadır. İlk
defa bu terim 2011 yılında Hannover Ticaret Fuarında kullanılmış ve içeriği bu
fuarda açıklanmıştır. Yapılan açıklamalarda fabrikaların akıllanması ile daha az
enerji, hammadde ve işgücü tüketimi ile maksimum çıktı sağlaması amaçlanmıştır.
Bu amacın gerçekleşmesi için robotlar, makineler, sensörler ve yazılımlar ana
unsurlar olarak belirlenmiştir. Yaşanan gelişmeler ile birlikte emeğin önemini
azalırken, yapay zeka, robotik teknoloji ve yazılımlar daha önemli hale gelmeye
başlamıştır. İnsanın üretimde yer almaması bir devrim olarak nitelenmekte ve
daha önce gerçekleşen sanayi devrimlerinde olduğu gibi bu devrimin de tüm dünya
ülkelerinde olduğu gibi ülkemizi derinden etkileyeceği düşünülmektedir. Bu
etkilere karşı hazırlıklı olmak ve gerekli önlemleri almak için konunun gerçek
anlamda ne anlama geldiği, ne kadar bilindiği ve konuyla ilgili hangi aşamada
olduğumuz toplumumuz için önem arz etmektedir. Bu bağlamda çalışma ifade edilen
hususları açığa çıkarmak üzere ele alınmıştır. Bu kapsamda Kafkas Üniversitesi İktisadi
ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi İşletme Bölümü ve Mühendislik Fakültesindeki
akademik personelden yarı yapılandırılmış mülakat tekniğiyle veriler
toplanmıştır. Ortaya çıkan sonuçlara göre akademisyenlerin Endüstri 4.0’ı
önemsedikleri, işletmeler için bir zorunluluk olarak gördükleri belirlenmiştir. 

Kaynakça

  • Alçın, S. (2016), “Üretim İçin Yeni Bir İzlek: Sanayi 4.0”, Journal of Life Economics, 3 (2), ss. 19-30, https://doi.org/10.15637/jlecon.129
  • Akın Robotics, https://www.akinrobotics.com/tr/, Erişim Tarihi:17.10.2018
  • Altınay Robot, http://www.altinay.com/tr/, Erişim Tarihi:17.08.2018
  • Dallasega, P., Rauch, E. ve Linder C.(2018), “Industry 4.0 as An Enabler of Proximity for Construction Supply Chains: A Systematic Literature Review”, Computers in Industry, 99, ss.205–225, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compind.2018.03.039
  • Davies, R., Coole, T. ve Smith A. (2017), “Review of Socio-Technical Considerations to Ensure Successful Implementation of Industry 4.0”, Procedia Manufacturing, 11, ss. 1288-1295, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2017.07.256
  • Dergipark,www.dergipark.gov.tr, Erişim Tarihi:17.08.2018
  • Ege Bölgesi Sanayi Odası (EBSO) (2015), “Sanayi 4.0”, Ege Bölgesi Sanayi Odası Yayınları.
  • Göçmen, E. ve Erol, R.(2018), “The Transition to Industry 4.0 in One Of The Turkish Logistics Company”, International Journal Of 3d Printing Technologies and Digital Industry, 2 (1), ss. 76-85.
  • Gönen, S. ve Rasgen, M.(2016), “Kurumsal Kaynak Planlaması Ve Satın Alma Süreci Uygulaması.”, Paradigma, 1 (1), ss. 15-33.
  • Habertürk Gazetesi, https://www.haberturk.com/arcelik-cerkezkoyde-500-milyon-tllik-yatirimla-gelecegin-akilli-televizyon-fabrikasini-kurdu-2190460-ekonomi#, Erişim Tarihi:25.10.2018
  • Hofmann, E. ve Rüsch, M.(2017), “Industry 4.0 and The Current Status as Well as Future Prospects on Logistics”, Computers in Industry, 89, ss.23–34, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compind.2017.04.002
  • Hyperledger Fabric, https://www.hyperledger.org/projects/fabric, Erişim Tarihi:12.08.2018
  • Jabbour, A.B.L.S., Jabbour, C.J.C. ve Filho, C. F.M.G.(2018), “When Titans Meet – Can İndustry 4.0 Revolutionise The Environmentally Sustainable Manufacturing Wave? The Role of Critical Success Factors.”, Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 132, ss. 18-25, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.01.017
  • Kagermann, H., Lukas,W. ve Wahlster,W. (2011), “Industrie 4.0: Mit dem Internet der Dinge auf dem Weg zur 4. industriellen Revolution.”, VDI nachrichten, 13. ss:2, http://www.wolfgang-wahlster.de/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/Industrie_4_0_Mit_dem_Internet_der_Dinge_auf_dem_Weg_zur_vierten_industriellen_Revolution_2.pdf, Erişim Tarihi:12.10.2018
  • Kamble, S.S., Gunasekaran, A. ve Sharma, R. (2018), “Analysis of the Driving and Dependence Power of Barriers to Adopt Industry 4.0 in Indian Manufacturing Industry”, Computers in Industry, 101,ss. 107-119, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compind.2018.06.004
  • Kuo, C., Ting,C., Chen, Y., Yang, D. ve Chen, H.(2017), “Automatic machine status prediction in the era of Industry 4.0: Case study of machines in a spring factory”, Journal of Systems Architecture, 81, ss. 44-53, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sysarc.2017.10.007
  • Lina, C., Hea, D., Huang, X., Chooc, K. ve Vasilakos, A. (2018), “BSeIn: A Blockchain-Based Secure Mutual Authentication With Fine-Grained Access Control System for İndustry 4.0”, Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 116, ss. 42–52, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnca.2018.05.005
  • Marks, Karl (Çevr. Bilgi, A.),(2003), “Kapital, Kapitalist Üretimin Eleştirel Bir Tahlili, I.Cilt”, Üçüncü Baskı, Eriş Yayınları.
  • Mrugalska, B. ve Wyrwicka, M.K. (2017),“Towards Lean Production in Industry 4.0”, Procedia Engineering, 182, ss. 466-473, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.03.135
  • Murray, J.C.(2010), Technologies of Power in the Victorian Period, Cambria Press, New York
  • Müller, J.M., Buliga,O. ve Voigt, K.(2018), “Fortune Favors The Prepared: How SMEs Approach Business Model Innovations in Industry 4.0”, Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 132, ss. 2–17, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2017.12.019
  • Nunes, L.M., Pereira A.C. ve Alves A.C. (2017), Smart Products Development Approaches for Industry 4.0”, Procedia Manufacturing, 13, ss. 1215-1222, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2017.09.035
  • Öztemel, E. ve Gürsev,S.(2018),”Türkiye'de Lojistik Yönetiminde Endüstri 4.0 Etkileri ve Yatırım İmkanlarına Bakış Üzerine Anket Uygulaması”, Marmara Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 2, ss. 157-168, https://doi.org/10.7240/marufbd.408560
  • Poonpakdee, P., Koiwanit, J. ve Yuangyai, C. (2017), “Decentralized Network Building Change in Large Manufacturing Companies Towards Industry 4.0”, Procedia Computer Science, 110, ss. 46-53, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2017.06.113
  • Reischauer, G. (2018), “Industry 4.0 As Policy-Driven Discourse to Institutionalize Innovation Systems in Manufacturing”, Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 132, ss. 26–33, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.02.012
  • Rubmann, M., Lorenz, M., Gerbert, P., Waldner, M., Justus, J., Engel, P. and Harnisch, M. (2015), “Industry 4.0: The Future of Productivity and Growth in Manufacturing Industries”, ss.2, https://www.bcg.com/publications/2015/engineered_products_project_business_industry_4_future_productivity_growth_manufacturing_industries.aspx, Erişim Tarihi:12.10.2018
  • Samsung SDS Nexledger, https://www.samsungsds.com/global/en/solutions/off/nexledger/Nexledger.html, Erişim Tarihi:03.09.2018
  • Schwab, K. (2016). Dördüncü Sanayi Devrimi (Çev. Zülfü Dicleli). Optimist Yayınları, İstanbul
  • Science Direct, www.sciencedirect.com, Erişim Tarihi:03.09.2018
  • Schumpeter, J.A. (1942), Capitalism, Socialism & Democracy, George Allen & Unwin Publishers, Londra
  • Siemens (2014), “Endüstri 4.0 Yolunda”, http://siemens.e-dergi.com/pubs/Endustri40/Endustri40/assets/common/downloads/publication.pdf, Erişim Tarihi:12.10.2018
  • Thames, L. ve Schaefer D. (2016), “Software-Defined Cloud Manufacturing for Industry 4.0”, Procedia CIRP, 52, ss.12 – 17, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2016.07.041
  • Tjahjono, B., Esplugues, C., Ares E. ve Pelaez, G.( 2017), “What does Industry 4.0 mean to Supply Chain?”, Procedia Manufacturing, 13, ss.1175-1182, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2017.09.191
  • TUBİTAK (2016), “Endüstri 4.0 Yeni Sanayi Devrimi Yol Haritası”, Ankara
  • Türkiye’nin Endüstri 4.0 Platformu, https://www.endustri40.com/, Erişim Tarihi:12.10.2018
  • TÜSİAD-BCG (2016): “Türkiye’nin Küresel Rekabetçiliği İçin Bir Gereklilik Olarak Endüstri 4.0 – Gelişmekte Olan Ekonomi Perspektifi”, http://www.tusiad.org/indir/2016/sanayi-40.pdf, Erişim Tarihi:12.10.2018
  • Ungera, H., Börnera, F. ve Müllera, E.(2017), “Context Related Information Provision İn Industry 4.0 Environments”, Procedia Manufacturing, 11, ss. 796-805, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2017.07.181
  • Vaidya, S., Ambad, P. ve Bhosle, S. (2018), “ Industry 4.0-A Glimpse”, 2nd International Conference on Materials Manufacturing and Design Engineering, ss.233-238, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2018.02.034
  • Zhong, R.Y., Xu, X., Klotz, E. ve Newman S.T.(2017), “Intelligent Manufacturing in the Context of Industry 4.0: A Review”, Engineering, 3, ss. 616–630, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/J.ENG.2017.05.015
Toplam 39 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Erdoğan Kaygın 0000-0002-2125-5032

Yunus Zengin 0000-0001-8381-6918

Ethem Topçuoğlu 0000-0003-3563-0566

Yayımlanma Tarihi 25 Ekim 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Cilt: 33 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Kaygın, E., Zengin, Y., & Topçuoğlu, E. (2019). ENDÜSTRİ 4.0’A AKADEMİK BAKIŞ. Atatürk Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 33(4), 1065-1081.

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