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PSİKOLOJİK DANIŞMANLARIN ÇOKKÜLTÜRLÜ PSİKOLOJİK DANIŞMA YETERLİKLERİ, SOSYAL ADALET VE EŞCİNSELLİK TUTUMLARI

Yıl 2022, Sayı: 44, 66 - 76, 31.03.2022

Öz

Psikolojik danışmanların farklı kişisel ve kültürel özelliklere sahip danışanlarla çalışabilmesi için belirli hususları dikkate almalarında yarar vardır. Öncelikle, danışanlara ilişkin etnik köken, cinsiyet, sosyoekonomik düzey, engelli olma, dini, spiritüellik, vb. kişisel ve kültürel özelliklerin onların ruh sağlığını ne şekilde etkilediğini anlamalarında yarar vardır. Ayrıca, psikolojik danışmanların kendi kişisel, kültürel ve mesleki değerlerinin danışan ve psikolojik danışma süreci üzerindeki yansımalarına ilişkin farkındalık sahibi olmaları etkili psikolojik danışma hizmeti verebilmenin ön koşullarından biridir. Bu doğrultuda psikolojik danışmanların, danışanların bireysel, kültürel, vb. özelliklerine ve sorunlarına uygun ruh sağlığı hizmeti veya daha iyi psikolojik yardım sunabilmeleri için temel yeterliklere/tutumlara sahip olmaları beklenmektedir. Çokkültürlülük, sosyal adalet ve farklı cinsel yönelimlere sahip danışanlarla çalışabilme gibi yeterlikler/tutumlar psikolojik danışmanların sahip olması beklenen temel yeterliliklerdir. Bu çalışmanın amacı okul psikolojik danışmanları ile psikolojik danışman adaylarının çokkültürlülük, sosyal adalet ve cinsel tutum düzeylerini incelemektir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 108 okul psikolojik danışmanı ile 292 psikolojik danışman adayı oluşturmuştur. Verilerin analizinde bağımsız gruplar t-testi ve tek-yönlü MANOVA kullanılmıştır. Araştırma bulguları psikolojik danışman adayları ile okul psikolojik danışmanlarının çokkültürlülük, sosyal adalet ve eşcinsellik tutumları arasında anlamlı düzeyde bir farklılık olmadığını göstermiştir. Psikolojik danışman adayları ve psikolojik danışman adaylarının çokkültürlü psikolojik danışma yeterlikleri cinsiyete göre tek-yönlü MANOVA testiyle incelenmiştir. Yapılan karşılaştırma sonucunda psikolojik danışman adayları arasında farkındalık alt boyutunda erkekler lehine anlamlı bir farklılık bulunurken, okul psikolojik danışmanları arasında bilgi alt boyutunda erkekler lehine anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmuştur.

Kaynakça

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  • Barden, S. M., Sherrell, R. S., & Matthews, J. J. (2017). A national survey on multicultural competence for professional counselors: A replication study. Journal of Counseling and Development, 95(2), 203-212. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcad.12132
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  • Başbay, A., Kağnıcı, D. Y., & Başbay, M. (2018). Öğretmenlerin çokkültürlü yeterlik algıları ile ahlaki olgunluk/yargı ve kişilik özellikleri arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesi. İlköğretim Online, 17(3), 1150-1167. https://doi.org/10.17051/ilkonline.2018.466317
  • Başbay, A., Kağnıcı, D.Y., & Sarsar, F. (2013). Eğitim fakültelerinde görev yapmakta olan öğretim elemanlarının çok kültürlü yeterlik algılarının incelenmesi. Turkish Studies, 8(3), 47-60. https://doi.org/10.7827/TurkishStudies.4045
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COUNSELORS’ MULTICULTURAL COUNSELING COMPETENCIES, SOCIAL JUSTICE, AND HOMOSEXUALITY ATTITUDES

Yıl 2022, Sayı: 44, 66 - 76, 31.03.2022

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Akkaya, N., Kırmızı, F. S., & İşçi, C. (2018). Öğretmen adaylarının çokkültürlülüğe ilişkin algılarının farklı değişkenler açısından incelenmesi. Adıyaman Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 10(29), 308-335. https://doi.org/10.14520/adyusbd.381005
  • Alanay, H., & Aydin, H. (2016). Multicultural education: The challenges and attitudes of undergraduate students in Turkey. Education and Science, 41(184), 169-191. https://doi.org/10.15390/EB.2016.6146
  • American Psychiatric Association (2013). Position statement and discrimination against transgender and gender variant individuals. American Journal of Psychiatry, 37-38.
  • American Psychological Association (2008). Report of the task force on the implementation of the multicultural guidelines. Retrieved April 26, 2019, from https://www.apa.org/about/policy/multicultural-report.pdf
  • American Psychological Association (2012). Guidelines for psychological practice with lesbian, gay and bisexual clients. American Psychologist, 67(1), 10-42. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0024659
  • Apfelbaum, E. (1999). Twenty years later. Feminism and Psychology, 9(3), 300-313. https://doi.org/10.1177/0959353599009003010
  • Barden, S. M., & Greene, J. H. (2015). An investigation of multicultural counseling competence and multicultural counseling self-efficacy for counselors-in-training. International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling, 37(1), 41-53. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10447-014-9224-1
  • Barden, S. M., Sherrell, R. S., & Matthews, J. J. (2017). A national survey on multicultural competence for professional counselors: A replication study. Journal of Counseling and Development, 95(2), 203-212. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcad.12132
  • Başbay, A., & Kağnıcı, D. Y. (2011). Çokkültürlülük Yeterlik Algıları Ölçeği: Bir ölçek geliştirme çalışması. Eğitim ve Bilim, 36(161), 199-212.
  • Başbay, A., Kağnıcı, D. Y., & Başbay, M. (2018). Öğretmenlerin çokkültürlü yeterlik algıları ile ahlaki olgunluk/yargı ve kişilik özellikleri arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesi. İlköğretim Online, 17(3), 1150-1167. https://doi.org/10.17051/ilkonline.2018.466317
  • Başbay, A., Kağnıcı, D.Y., & Sarsar, F. (2013). Eğitim fakültelerinde görev yapmakta olan öğretim elemanlarının çok kültürlü yeterlik algılarının incelenmesi. Turkish Studies, 8(3), 47-60. https://doi.org/10.7827/TurkishStudies.4045
  • Bektaş, D. Y. (2006). Kültüre duyarlı psikolojik danışma yeterlikleri ve psikolojik danışman eğitimindeki yeri. Ege Eğitim Dergisi, 1, 43-59.
  • Bell, L. A. (1997). Theoretical foundations for social justice education. In M. Adams, L. A. Bell, & P. Griffin (Eds.), Teaching for diversity and social justice (pp. 3-15). New York: Routledge.
  • Ben-Ari, A. T. (1998). An experiential attitude change: Social work students and homosexuality. Journal of Homosexuality, 36(2), 59-71. https://doi.org/10.1300/J082v36n02_05
  • Berger, L. K., Zane, N., & Hwang, W. C. (2014). Therapist ethnicity and treatment orientation differences in multicultural counseling competencies. Asian American Journal of Psychology, 5(1), 53-65. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0036178
  • Berkman, C. S., & Zinberg, G. (1997). Homophobia and heterosexism in social workers. Social Work, 42(4), 319–332. https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/42.4.319
  • Bidell, M. P. (2012). Examining school counseling students' multicultural and sexual orientation competencies through a cross‐specialization comparison. Journal of Counseling and Development, 90(2), 200-207. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1556-6676.2012.00025.x
  • Bowers, S., Lewandowski, J., Savage, T. A., & Woitaszewski, S. A. (2015). School psychologists’ attitudes toward transgender students. Journal of LGBT Youth, 12(1), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1080/19361653.2014.930370
  • Byars-Winston, A. M., Akcali, O., Tao, K. W., Nepomuceno, C. A., Anctil, T. M., Acevedo, & Wilton, G. (2005). The challenges, impact, and implementation of critical multicultural pedagogies. In C. Z. Enns, & A. L. Sinacore (Eds.), Teaching and social justice: Integrating multicultural and feminist theories in the classroom (pp. 125-141). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
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  • Choi, H. S., Thul, C. A., Berenhaut, K. S., Suerken, C. K., & Norris, J. L. (2005). Survey of school psychologists' attitudes, feelings, and exposure to gay and lesbian parents and their children. Journal of Applied School Psychology, 22(1), 87–107. https://doi.org/10.1300/J370v22n01_05
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  • Enns, C. Z., & Forrest, L. M. (2005). Toward defining and integrating multicultural and feminist pedagogies. In C. Z. Enns, & A. L. Sinacore (Eds.), Teaching and social justice: Integrating multicultural and feminist theories in the classroom (pp. 3 – 23). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
  • Erdur-Baker, O. (2007). Psikolojik danışma ve kültürel faktörler. Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik, 3(27), 109-122.
  • Gendel E. S., & Bonner E. J. (1992). Sexual disfunction, gender identity disorders and parafilias. In H. H. Goldman (Ed), Review of general psychiatry, appleton and lange connecticut (pp. 306-326). New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.
  • Guzmán, M. R., Calfa, N. A., Kerne, V. V. H., & McCarthy, C. (2013). Examination of multicultural counseling competencies in school counselors. Journal of School Counseling, 11(7). 1-21.
  • Hatunoğlu, A. (2017). Turkish school counselors and counselor educators’ perceptions about multicultural counseling. International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling, 39(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10447-016-9278-3
  • Hays, D. G., Dean, J. K., & Chang, C. Y. (2007). Addressing privilege and oppression in counselor training and practice: A qualitative analysis. Journal of Counseling and Development, 85(3), 317-324. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6678.2007.tb00480.x
  • Helms, J., & Cook, D. (1999). Using race and culture in counseling and psychotherapy: Theory and process. Nedham Heights, MA: Allyn and Bacon.
  • Herek, G. (1988). Heterosexuals’ attitudes toward lesbians and gay men: Correlates and gender differences. Journal of Sex Research. 25(4), 451-477. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224498809551476
  • Hyde, J. S., & DeLamater, J. D. (2006). Understanding human sexuality (9th ed.). Boston: McGraw-Hill.
  • Johnson, M. E., Brems, C., & Alford-Keating, P. (1997). Personality correlates of homophobia. Journal of Homosexuality, 34 (1), 57-69. https://doi.org/10.1300/J082v34n01_05
  • Kağnıcı, M. Y. (2013). Çok kültürlü psikolojik danışma eğitiminin rehberlik ve psikolojik danışmanlık lisans programlarına yerleştirilmesi. Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 4(40), 222-231.
  • Kağnıcı, D. Y. (2014). Reflections of a multicultural counseling course: A qualitative study with counseling students and counselors. Educational Sciences: Theory and Practice, 14(1), 53-62. https://doi.org/10.12738/estp.2014.1.1965
  • Kağnıcı, D. Y. (2015). Psikolojik danışman eğitiminde cinsel yönelim olgusunun irdelenmesi: Benim Çocuğum filmi. Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 5(44), 83-95.
  • Karaırmak, O. (2008). Çok kültürlülük, kültürel duyarlılık ve psikolojik danışma. Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 3(29), 115-126.
  • Kilmen, S. (2015). Eğitim Araştırmacıları için SPSS uygulamalı istatistik. Ankara: Edge Akademi.
  • Lewis, J. A., Lewis, M. D., Daniels, J. A., & D’Andrea, M. J. (1998). Community counseling: Empowerment strategies for a diverse society. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole.
  • Manis, A. A. (2008). Promoting multicultural and advocacy competence in counselor trainees: Testing a critical pedagogical intervention. (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from Dissertations & Theses: Full Text. (UMI 3302213).
  • Matthews, J. J., Barden, S. M., & Sherrell, R. S. (2018). Examining the relationships between multicultural counseling competence, multicultural self-efficacy, and ethnic identity development of practicing counselors. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 40(2), 129-141. https://doi.org/10.17744/mehc.40.2.03
  • Meydan, B., & Kağnıcı, D. Y. (2018). Çokkültürlü süpervizyon ilişkisinin kurulması. Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi, 8(51), 2-28.
  • Middleton, R. A., Ergüner-Tekinalp, B., Williams, N. F., Stadler, H. A., & Dow, J. E. (2011). Racial identity development and multicultural counseling competencies of white mental health practitioners. International Journal of Psychology and Psychological Therapy, 11(2), 201-218.
  • Miller, D. (1999). Principles of social justice. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Mindrup, R. M., Spray, B. J., & Lamberghini-West, A. (2011). White privilege and multicultural counseling competence: The influence of field of study, sex, and racial/ethnic exposure. Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Diversity in Social Work, 20(1), 20-38. https://doi.org/10.1080/15313204.2011.545942
  • Mocan-Aydin, G. (2000). Western models of counseling and psychotherapy within Turkey: Crossing cultural boundaries. The Counseling Psychologist, 28(2), 281-298. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011000000282007
  • Özer, Ö., & İlhan, T. (2014) Çokkültürlü Psikolojik Danışma Yeterlikleri Ölçeği’nin geliştirilmesi. Turkish Studies, 10(7), 781-802. https://doi.org/10.7827/TurkishStudies.8041
  • Perneger, T. V. (1998). What's wrong with Bonferroni adjustments. British Medical Journal, 316(7139), 1236-1238. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.316.7139.1236.
  • Pope-Davis, D. B., Reynolds, A. L., Dings, J. G., & Ottavi, T. M. (1994). Multicultural competencies of doctoral interns at university counseling centers: An exploratory investigation. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 25(4), 466-470. https://doi.org/10.1037/0735-7028.25.4.466
  • Price, J. H., & Telljohan, S. K. (1991). School counselors' perceptions of adolescent homosexuals. The Journal of School Health. 61(10), 433-438. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-1561.1991.tb05993.x
  • Rainey S., & Trusty, J. (2007). Attitudes of master's-level counseling students toward gay men and lesbians. Counseling and Values, 52(1), 12-24. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-007X.2007.tb00084.x
  • Ratts, M. J., Singh, A. A., Nassar‐McMillan, S., Butler, S. K., & McCullough, J. R. (2016). Multicultural and social justice counseling competencies: Guidelines for the counseling profession. Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development, 44(1), 28-48. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmcd.12035
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  • Savage, T. A., Prout, T., & Chard, K. (2004). School psychology and issues of sexual orientation: Attitudes, beliefs, and knowledge. Psychology in the Schools, 41(2), 201-210. https://doi.org/10.1002/pits.10122
  • Sehgal, R., Saules, K., Young, A., Grey, M. J., Gillem, A. R., Nabors, N. A., ... & Jefferson, S. (2011). Practicing what we know: Multicultural counseling competence among clinical psychology trainees and experienced multicultural psychologists. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 17(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021667
  • Sharf, R. S. (2014). Psikoterapi ve psikolojik danışma kuramları-kavramlar ve örnek olaylar (Çev. N. Voltan Acar). Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
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  • Smith, T. B., Constantine, M. G., Dunn, T. W., Dinehart, J. M., & Montoya, J.A. (2006). Multicultural education in the mental health professions: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 53(1), 132-145. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.53.1.132
  • Sue, D. W. (2001). Multidimensional facets of cultural competence. The Counseling Psychologist, 29(6), 790-821. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011000001296002
  • Sue, D. W., Arredondo, P., & McDavis, R. J. (1992). Multicultural counseling competencies and standards: A call to the profession. Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development, 20(2), 64-88. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-1912.1992.tb00563.x
  • Sue, D. W., Capodilupo, C. M., Torino, G. C., Bucceri, J. M., Holder, A. M. B., Nadal, K. L., & Esquilin, M. (2007). Racial microaggressions in everyday life. American Psychologist, 62(4), 271-286. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.62.4.271
  • Sue, D., Parham, T., & Santiago, G. B. (1998). The changing face of work in the United States: Implications for individual, institutional and societal survival. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 4(3), 153-164.
  • Sue, D. W., & Sue, D. (2003). Counseling the culturally diverse (4th ed.). New Jersey: John Wiley and Sons.
  • Torres-Harding, S.R., Siers, B., & Olson, B.D. (2012). Development and psychometric evaluation of the social justice scale (SJS). American Journal of Community Psychology, 50(1), 77-88. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10464-011-9478-2
  • Türkan, A., Aydın, H., & Üner, S. S. (2016). Öğretmen adaylarının çokkültürlü eğitime yönelik tutumları ile epistemolojik inançları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. İlköğretim Online, 15(1), 148-159. https://doi.org/10.17051/io.2016.16818
  • Ünlü, İ., & Örten, H. (2013). Öğretmen adaylarının çokkültürlülük ve çokkültürlü eğitime yönelik algılarının incelenmesi. Dicle Üniversitesi Ziya Gökalp Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 21, 287-302.
  • Van De Ven, P. (1994). Comparison among homophobic reactions of undergraduates, high school students, and young offenders. The Journal of Sex Research, 31(2), 117-124. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499409551738
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Toplam 76 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Alan Eğitimleri
Bölüm Research Article
Yazarlar

Cafer Kılıç 0000-0001-6432-0474

Zahide Tonga 0000-0002-5952-4277

Feridun Kaya 0000-0001-9549-6691

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Mart 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 31 Mart 2021
Kabul Tarihi 10 Şubat 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Sayı: 44

Kaynak Göster

APA Kılıç, C., Tonga, Z., & Kaya, F. (2022). PSİKOLOJİK DANIŞMANLARIN ÇOKKÜLTÜRLÜ PSİKOLOJİK DANIŞMA YETERLİKLERİ, SOSYAL ADALET VE EŞCİNSELLİK TUTUMLARI. Atatürk Üniversitesi Kazım Karabekir Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi(44), 66-76.