Dijital Dönüşümde Adaletin Kavramsal Çerçevesi: Algoritmik Önyargı ve Yapısal Yönetişim Arayışı

Öz

Dijital dönüşümün beraberinde getirdiği algoritmik karar alma sistemleri, toplumsal adalet ve eşitlik idealleri karşısında yeni ve karmaşık tehditler oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışma, algoritmik önyargı sorununu merkeze alarak, mevcut teknoloji yönetişimi paradigmasının yapısal sınırlılıklarını eleştirel bir bakışla analiz etmekte ve yerine Yapısal Adalet Odaklı Teknoloji Yönetişimi adını verdiği yeni bir kavramsal çerçeve önermektedir. Çalışmada öncelikle, algoritmik önyargının salt teknik bir mesele olmadığı, toplumsal eşitsizliklerin bir yansıması olduğu argümanı işlenmekte ve dijital adalet kavramı dağıtımsal, işlemsel ve yapısal boyutlarıyla incelenmektedir. Ardından, hakim yönetişim yaklaşımının teknokratik, bireyci ve etnosentrik sınırlılıkları ortaya konmakta, bu sınırlılıkları aşmak üzere dört temel bileşenden oluşan (önleyici adalet ve katılımcı tasarım, sistemsel hesap verebilirlik, bağlama duyarlılık ve yeni demokratik aktörler) alternatif bir model detaylandırılmaktadır. Kamu sektöründeki otomatik fayda tahsisi sistemleri üzerinden yapılan vaka analizi, önerilen çerçevenin pratikte nasıl işleyebileceğini somutlaştırmaktadır. Çalışma, teknoloji yönetişiminde paradigmatik bir dönüşüm çağrısıyla son bulmakta ve gelecek araştırmalar için bir gündem önermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Algoritmik Önyargı
• Dijital Adalet
• Teknoloji Yönetişimi
• Yapısal Adalet
• Katılımcı Tasarım.

The Conceptual Framework of Justice in Digital Transformation: Algorithmic Bias and the Quest for Structural Governance

Öz

Digital transformation has ushered in algorithmic decision-making systems that generate new and complex threats to the ideals of social justice and equality. This study places the issue of algorithmic bias at its core, offering a critical analysis of the structural limitations of the prevailing technology governance paradigm. It introduces an alternative conceptual framework, termed Structural Justice-Oriented Technology Governance. The paper argues that algorithmic bias is not merely a technical problem but rather a reflection of underlying social inequalities, and examines the notion of digital justice across its distributive, procedural, and structural dimensions. It then identifies the technocratic, individualistic, and ethnocentric constraints of dominant governance approaches and elaborates a four-pillar alternative model, composed of preventive justice and participatory design, systemic accountability, contextual sensitivity, and the inclusion of new democratic actors. A case study on automated welfare allocation systems in the public sector illustrates how this framework can be operationalized in practice. The study concludes with a call for a paradigmatic shift in technology governance and proposes an agenda for future research.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Algorithmic Bias
• Digital Justice
• Technology Governance
• Structural Justice
• Participatory Design

Kaynakça

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