Erkek Cinsiyet Rolü Stresi Ölçeğinin Türkçeye Uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması

Öz

Erkek Cinsiyet Rolü Stresi, geleneksel erkeklik normları ile uyuşmayan bireysel, sosyal ve toplumsal durumlarda erkeklerin hissedebileceği stres olarak ele alınır. Alan yazında bu stresi ölçmek için en çok kullanılan ölçeklerden biri Eisler ve Skidmore’un (1987) geliştirdiği 40 madde ve beş alt faktörden oluşan Erkek Cinsiyet Rolü Stresi (ECRS) ölçeğidir. Ancak, alan yazında ölçeği farklı kültürlere uyarlayan çalışmalar oldukça azdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı ise ECRS ölçeğini Türkçe’ye uyarlamak ve geçerlik güvenirlik değerlerini ortaya koymaktır. Kolaylıkla bulunabilen örnekleme yöntemiyle erişilen 395 erkeğin katıldığı bu çalışmada, ECRS ölçeği, kaygı, öfke, toplumsal cinsiyet tutumları, yaşam doyumu ve esenlik ölçekleriyle birlikte uygulanmıştır. Açımlayıcı faktör analizinden sonra ölçek 28 maddeye indirgenmiş ve Türkiye örnekleminde performans yetersizliği, madun olma ve duygusal durumlarla yüzleşme olmak üzere üç faktörlü bir yapı göstermiştir. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi bulgularında da bu üç faktörlü yapının tek faktörlü yapıya göre veriye daha iyi uyum gösterdiği görülmüştür. ECRS, kaygı, öfke, toplumsal cinsiyet tutumları ile pozitif yönde ilişki gösterirken, yaşam doyumu ve esenlik ile negatif yönde ilişkilenmiştir. Araştırmanın bulguları ECRS ölçeğinin Türkiye’de yapı ve ölçüt geçerlikleri olan güvenilir bir ölçek olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir. Sonuçlar, ECRS’nin erkeklerin bireysel (fiziksel ve ruh) sağlığı ve halk sağlığı üzerindeki olumsuz etkileri ışığında tartışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• erkek cinsiyet rolü stresi
• geçerlik
• güvenirlik
• ruh sağlığı
• ölçek uyarlama

Turkish Adaptation of Masculine Gender Role Stress Scale: A Reliability and Validity Study

Öz

Masculine Gender Role Stress refers to men’s stress felt in individual, social, and societal situations where they think they transgress the norms of idealized masculinity. The majority of research conducted to examine men’s stress rooted in masculinity norms has been using the 40-item and five-factor Male Gender Role Stress (MGRS) Scale of Eisler and Skidmore (1987). However, there are very few research focusing on the adaptation of MGRS scale in different cultures. Thus, this study aimed to adapt the MGRS scale into Turkish and present its validity and reliability. 395 men participated in this study by convenience sampling method. Participants filled out the MGRS scale together with anxiety, anger, gender attitudes, life satisfaction and psychological well-being scales. After the Exploratory Factor Analysis, the scale showed a 28-item three-factor structure in the Turkish sample: Performance inadequacy, subordination, and confrontation with emotional situations. In addition, Confirmatory Factor Analysis revealed that this three-factor structure fits the data better than the one-factor model. MGRS was positively correlated with anxiety, anger, and gender attitudes, while it was negatively correlated with life satisfaction and well-being. In light of the findings, the MGRS scale can be used as a reliable scale with construct and criterion validity in Türkiye. The results are discussed considering the adverse effects of ECRS on men's individual (physical and mental) and public health.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• masculine gender role stress
• validity
• reliability
• mental health
• scale adaptation

Kaynakça

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