Davranışsal Bağımlılıklara Yönelik Müdahalelere İlişkin Bir Derleme

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 3, 356 - 375, 30.09.2023

Ayşegül Sayan Karahan

https://doi.org/10.31682/ayna.1152083

Öz

Bağımlılıklar, kontrol kaybına ve çoklu olumsuz sonuçlara yol açmaktadır. Madde kullanımı içermeyen bağımlılıklar ilgi görmeye başlamış ve bu tür bağımlılıkların iyileştirilmesi için sunulan müdahaleler yaygınlaşmıştır. Bu derleme, davranışsal bağımlılıklar için uygulanan müdahalelerin etkilerini ele alarak konuya dikkat çekmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Davranışsal bağımlılıklara yönelik müdahaleleri ele alan çalışmaları belirlemek için 2021 yılı Eylül ve Aralık ayları arasında Pubmed, ScienceDirect, Türk Psikiyatri Dizini, TR Dizin veri tabanlarında 2010 yılı sonrası yayımlanmış Türkçe ve İngilizce çalışmalar “davranışsal bağımlılık”, “müdahale”, “etkililik” anahtar kelimeleri girilerek taranmıştır. Davranışsal bağımlılıklara ilişkin makalelerin kaynakçaları taranmış, derleme ve betimsel çalışmalar dışta bırakılmıştır. Tarama sonucunda 26 çalışma araştırma kapsamına alınmıştır. Ele alınan çalışmalar incelendiğinde; farmakolojik çalışmaların yaygın olmadığı, yaygınlıkla bilişsel-davranışçı yaklaşımlar temelinde psikoterapötik müdahalelerin çalışıldığı, bireysel müdahalelerdense katılımcıların grup olarak alınması yaklaşımının benimsendiği, ayrıca danışanların yaşamlarında yapılacak düzenlemelerin kullanılabildiği, uygulanan müdahalelerin bağımlılık puanlarında anlamlı bir azalma ile sonuçlandığı ve uzun süreli izlemenin önemli olduğu görülmektedir. Davranışsal bağımlılık kapsamında daha fazla araştırma yapılması daha etkili uygulamaların sunulmasına katkı sağlayabilir. Davranışsal bağımlılıklara eşlik eden çeşitli psikiyatrik durumlar ve eş zamanlı bağımlılıkların varlığının, müdahalelere olumlu ve olumsuz etkileri göz önünde tutulmalıdır. Yurt içinde davranışsal bağımlılıklara yönelik müdahalelerin etkilerini inceleyen araştırmalara gereksinim olduğu görülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

davranışsal bağımlılık, etkililik, müdahale

A Review on Interventions for Behavioral Addictions

Öz

Addictions lead to loss of control and multiple negative consequences. Non-substance-related behavioral addictions are receiving attention as an emerging concept, and interventions for behavioral addictions are becoming widespread. This review was conducted to draw attention to the issue by addressing the effectiveness of interventions for behavioral addictions. In order to identify studies examining interventions for behavioral addictions published in Turkish or English and after 2010 in Pubmed, ScienceDirect, Turkish Psychiatry Index, and TR Index databases, the keywords “behavioral addiction”, “intervention”, and “effectiveness” were entered and scanned between September and December 2021. The bibliographies of the articles on behavioral addictions were scanned, and review and descriptive studies were excluded. As a result, 26 studies were included in the review. When the studies are examined, it is seen that pharmacological studies are not common, psychotherapeutic interventions based on cognitive-behavioral approaches are mainly studied, a group approach is adopted, interventions that deal with various life arrangements can be used, the applied interventions make a significant difference, and longterm follow-up is important. Interest in behavioral addictions may contribute to the presentation of more effective practices. The positive and negative effects of various psychiatric conditions accompanying behavioral addictions and the presence of concurrent addictions on interventions should be considered. There seems to be a need for studies testing interventions for behavioral addictions in our country.

Anahtar Kelimeler

behavioral addiction, effectiveness, intervention

Kaynakça

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