The aim of the study is to determine whether ethical leadership has an effect on organizational identification. Leadership styles are accepted as a parameter that closely concerns organizational employees and their behavior. Ethical leadership is a leadership style that has gained popularity in recent years. In this context, hotel employees operating in Karaman province were selected as samples in the study, and a face-to-face survey was conducted with 156 relevant employees. The data collected through the survey was analyzed using the SPSS 27 program and it was determined that the data was normally distributed. In addition, reliability and validity analyzes were carried out on the scales, and the relevant values were found to be quite high. This shows that the scales are reliable. After these prerequisites were met, the data was analyzed and descriptive and other demographic findings were shared. According to research findings, ethical leadership positively affects organizational identification. In order for the study to contribute more to the literature, the differences of the variables that constitute the subject of the study in terms of demographic variables were examined. As a result of the difference analysis, ethical leadership and organizational identification; It has been determined that it varies according to age, education level, working year and position.
Abrams, D. (1992). Processes of Social Identification, s. 57-99, (Ed.) Breakwell, G. M., Social Psychology of Identity and the Self-Concept. London: Surrey University Press.
Abrams, D. ve Hogg, M. A. (1990). Social Identity Theory: Constructive and Critical Advances. London and New York: Harvester Wheatsheaf and Springer.
Akgül, A. ve Çevik, O. (2003). İstatistiksel Analiz Teknikleri SPSS’te İşletme Yönetimi Uygulamaları. Ankara: Emek Ofset.
Akgül, A. (2005). Tıbbi Araştırmalarda İstatistiksel Analiz Teknikleri-SPSS Uygulamaları. Ankara: Yükseköğretim Kurulu Matbaası.
Akın, M. A., Engin, İ. Ş. ve Anuştekin, M. (2023). ‘‘Okul Psikolojik Danışmanlarının Algılarına Göre Okul Yöneticilerin Etik Liderlik Davranışlarının İncelenmesi’’. Milli Eğitim Dergisi, 52(238), 885-908.
Alkan, D. P. ve Arıkboğa, F. Ş. (2017). ‘‘Etik Liderlik Ve Örgütsel Vatandaşlık Davranışı İlişkisinde Örgütsel Özdeşleşmenin Aracılık Etkisi Ve Bir Uygulama’’. Yönetim ve Ekonomi Dergisi, 24(2), 349-369. https://doi.org/10.18657/yonveek.335229
Aslan, R. ve Sarıyıldız, Y. (2022). ‘‘Yöneticilerin Etik Liderlik Davranışlarının Çeşitli Değişkenler Açısından Öğretmen Algılarına Göre İncelenmesi’’. Asya Çalışmaları, 6 (20), 5160 .https://doi.org/10.31455/asya.112628
Başar, U. ve Basım, H. N. (2015). ‘‘Etik Liderliğin İş Tatmini Üzerindeki Etkisinde Örgütsel Özdeşleşmenin Aracı Rolü’’. Research Gate, 3, 117-122.
Brown, M. E. ve Trevino, L. K. (2006). ‘‘Ethical Leadership: A Review And Future Directions’’. The Leadership Quarterly, 17(6), 595-616. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2006.10.004
Brown, M. E., Trevino, L. K. ve Harrison, D. A. (2005). Ethical Leadership: A Social Learning Perspective For Constructdevelopment And Testing. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 97(2), 117-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obhdp.2005.03.002
Carmeli, A., Gilat G. ve Waldman, D.A. (2007). ‘‘The Role Of Perceived Organizational Performance İn Organizational Identification, Adjustment And Job Performance’’. Journal of Management Studies, 44 (6), 972992. https://doi/full/10.1111/j.1467-6486.2007.00691.x
Cheney, G. (1983). ‘‘The Rhetoric Of Identification And The Study Of Organizational Communication’’. Quarterly Journal of Speech, 69(2), 143-158. https://doi.org/10.1080/00335638309383643
Conaway, R. N. ve Fernandez, T. L. (2000). ‘‘Ethical Preferences Among Business Leaders: Implication For Business Schools’’. Business Communication Quarterly, 63(1), 23–38.
Costa, S., Daher, P., Neves, P. ve Velez, M. J. (2022). ‘‘The Interplay Between Ethical Leadership And Supervisor Organizational Embodiment On Organizational Identification And Extra-Role Performance’’. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 31(2), 214-225. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2021.1952988
Cranston, N., Ehrich, L. ve Kimber, M. (2003). ‘‘The ‘Right’ Decision? Towards An Understanding Of Ethical Dilemmas For School Leaders’’. Westminster Studies in Education, 26(2), 135–147.
Çakıroğlu, D. ve Başpınar, N. Ö. (2021). ‘‘Etik Liderlik Davranışlarının Örgüt İklimi Ve Örgütsel Özdeşleşmeye Etkisi’’. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 18(3), 1903-1927. https://doi.org/10.33437/ksusbd.873984
Edwards, M. (2005). ‘‘Organizational Identification: A Conceptual And Operational Review’’. International Journal of Management Reviews, 7(4), 207-230. https://doi/full/10.1111/j.1468-2370.2005.00114.x
Erer, B. (2023). ‘‘Eğitim Ve Geliştirme Faaliyetleri Çalışan Performansını Etkiler Mi? Örgütsel Özdeşleşme Bağlamında Bir Araştırma’’. Selçuk Üniversitesi Akşehir Meslek Yüksekokulu Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, (15), 11-20.
George, D. ve Mallery, P. (2003). SPSS For Windows Step By Step: A Simple Guide And Reference, 4th Edition, Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
Greenberg, J. (1990). ‘‘Organizational Justice: Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow’’. Journal of Management, 16, 399-432.
Gürbüz, S. ve Şahin, F. (2018). Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma Yöntemleri Felsefe-Yöntem-Analiz. Ankara:Seçkin Yayıncılık.
Islam, T., Ahmed, I. ve Ali, G. (2018). ‘‘Effects Of Ethical Leadership On Bullying And Voice Behavior Among Nurses: Mediating Role Of Organizational Identification, Poor Working Condition And Workload’’. Leadership in Health Services, 32(1), 2-17.
Khan, H. U. R., Ali, M., Olya, H. G. T., Zulqarnain, M. ve Khan, Z. R. (2018). ‘‘Transformational Leadership, Corporate Social Responsibility, Organiza-Tional Innovation, And Organizational Performance: Symmetrical Andasymmetrical Analytical Approaches’’. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 25(6), 1270-1283. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.1637
Kılınç, S. (2017). Yöneticilerin Etik Liderlik Davranışlarının Örgütsel Özdeşleşme, Sapkın Davranışlar Ve Sinizme Etkisi (Yayımlanmış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Nevşehir: Hacı Bektaş Veli Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
Kuru, S. A. (2020). ‘‘Etik Liderlik Ve Örgütsel Özdeşleşme Arasındaki İlişki: Kişi Örgüt Uyumunun Aracılık Etkisi’’. Business and Economics Research Journal, 11(2), 515-530.
Kürü, S. A. (2020). ‘‘Prosedürel Adalet Algısı Ve Örgütsel Özdeşleşme Arasındaki İlişki: Etik Liderliğin Aracılık Rolü’’. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 12(4), 3895-3913. https://doi.org/10.20491/isarder.2020.1079
Lennick, D. ve Fred, K. (2005). “Etik Zekâ” Çevirenler: S. Alpagut, E. Nal ve H. Nal. İstanbul: CSA Global Publishing.
Liu, Y., Loi, R. ve Lam, L.W. (2011). ‘‘Linking Organizational Identification And Employee Performance in Teams: The Moderating Role Of Team-Member Exchange’’. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 22 (15), 3187-3201. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2011.560875
Mael, F. ve Ashforth, B. E. (1992). ‘‘Alumni And Their Alma Mater: A Partial Test Of The Reformulated Model Of Organizational Identification’’. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 13(2), 103-123. https://doi/abs/10.1002/job.4030130202
Mıhcı, H. ve Uzun, T. (2020). ‘‘Analyzing The Relationship Between Ethical Leadership And Organizational Justice And Organizational Identification in Schools’’. International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 12(3), 29-39.
Mishra, P. ve Schmidt, G. B. (2018). ‘‘How Can Leaders Of Multinational Organizations Be Ethical By Contributing To Corporate Social Responsibilityinitiatives? Guidelines And Pitfalls For Leaders Trying To Do Good’’. Business Horizons, 61(6), 833-843. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2018.07.011
Mostafa, A. M. S. (2018). ‘‘Ethical Leadership And Organizational Citizenship Behaviours: The Moderating Role Of Organizational Identification’’. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 27(4), 441-449. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2018.1470088
Niu, L., Xia, W. ve Liu, Y. (2022). ‘‘The Double-Edged Sword Effect Of Ethical Leadership On Constructive Deviance: An Integrated Model Of Two Approaches Based On Organizational Identification And Normative Conflict’’. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 892395.
Northouse, P. G. (2021). Leadership: Theory and Practice. Sage Publications.
O'Keefe, D. F., Peach, J. M. ve Messervey, D. L. (2019). ‘‘The Combined Effect Of Ethical Leadership, Moral Identity, And Organizational Identification On Workplace Behavior’’. Journal of Leadership Studies, 13(1), 20-35.
Piccolo, R. F., Greenbaum, R., Hartog, D. N. D. ve Folger, R. (2010). ‘‘The Relationship Between Ethical Leadership Andcore Job Characteristics’’. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 31(2-3), 259-278. https://doi/10.1002/job.627
Qian, Y. ve Jian, G. (2020). ‘‘Ethical Leadership And Organizational Cynicism: The Mediating Role Of Leader-Member Exchange And Organizational Identification’’. Corporate Communications: An International Journal, 25(2), 207-226. https://doi/10.1108/CCIJ-06-2019-0069/full/html
Pallant, J. (2005). SPSS Survival Manual. Allen & Unwin. Australia.
Roeck, K. D. ve Farooq, O. (2018). ‘‘Corporate Social Responsibility And Ethical Leadership: Investigating Their Interactive Effect On Employees’socially Responsible Behaviors’’. Journal of Business Ethics,151, 923-939. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551‐017‐3656‐6
Rousseau, D. M. (1998). Why Workers Still İdentify With Organizations?. Journal Of Organizational Behavior, 19(3), 217-233.
Sari, U. T. (2019). ‘‘The Effect Of Ethical Leadership On Voice Behavior: The Role Of Mediators Organizational Identification And Moderating Self-Efficacy For Voice’’. Journal of Leadership in Organizations, 1(1), 48-66.
Sarwar, H., Ishaq, M. I., Amin, A. ve Ahmed, R. (2020). ‘‘Ethical Leadership, Work Engagement, Employees’ Well-Being, And Performance: A Cross-Cultural Comparison’’. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 28(12), 2008-2026. https://doi/full/10.1080/09669582.2020.1788039
Tajfel, H. (1982). ‘‘Social Psychology of Intergroup Relations’’. Annual Review of Psychology, 51(1): 1-39. https://doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev.ps.33.020182.000245
Tajfel, H. ve Turner, J. C. (1985). The Social Identity Theory of Intergroup Behavior, s. 7-24, (Ed.) Worchel, S. ve Austin, W. G., The Psychology of Intergroup Relations. Chicago: Nelson-Hall IL.
Tseng, L. M. ve Wu, J. Y. (2017). ‘‘How Can Financial Organizations İmprove Employee Loyalty? The Effects Of Ethical Leadership, Psychological Contract Fulfillment And Organizational Identification’’. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 38(5), 679-698.
Turner, J. C. (1982). Towards A Cognitive Redefinition of the Social Group, s. 15-40, (Ed.) Tajfel, H., Social Identity and Intergroup Relations. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Tyler, T.R. (1999). ‘‘Why People Cooperate With Organizations: An Identity Based Perspective. Research in Organizational Behavior’’, 21, 201-246.
Walumbwa, F. O., Mayer, D. M., Wang, P., Wang, H., Workman, K. ve Christensen, A. L. (2011). ‘‘Linking Ethical Leadership To Employee Performance: The Roles Of Leader–Member Exchange, Self-Efficacy, And Organizational Identification’’. Organizational Behavior And Human Decision Processes, 115(2), 204-213.
Yıldız, Ş., Ekin, E., Arslan, M., Eroğlu, F. ve Eroğlu, B. (2023). ‘‘Öğretmen Algılarına Göre Okul Yöneticilerinin Etik Liderlik Davranışlarının İncelenmesi’’. Balkan & Near Eastern Journal of Social Sciences (BNEJSS), 9(2), 92-97.
ETİK LİDERLİĞİN ÖRGÜTSEL ÖZDEŞLEŞME ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: KONAKLAMA VE YİYECEK HİZMETLERİ FAALİYETLERİ ÇALIŞANLARI ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Çalışmanın amacı etik liderliğin, örgütsel özdeşleşme üzerinde etkisinin olup olmadığını tespit etmektir. Liderlik tarzları, örgüt çalışanları ve onların davranışlarını yakından ilgilendiren bir parametre olarak kabul edilmektedir. Etik liderlik de son yıllarda popülerlik kazanmış bir liderlik tarzdır. Bu bağlamda çalışmada örneklem olarak Karaman ilinde faaliyetlerini sürdüren otel çalışanları seçilmiş, ilgili 156 çalışanla yüz yüze anket gerçekleştirilmiştir. Anket yoluyla toplanan veriler SPSS 27 programı vasıtasıyla analize tabi tutulmuş, verilerin normal dağıldığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca ölçeklerle ilgili güvenilirlik ve geçerlilik analizleri yapılmış, ilgili değerlerin oldukça yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Bu durum ölçeklerin güvenilir olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu ön şartların sağlanmasından sonra veriler analize tabi tutulmuş, betimleyici ve diğer demografik bulgular paylaşılmıştır. Araştırma bulgularına göre etik liderlik, örgütsel özdeşleşmeyi pozitif yönde etkilemektedir. Çalışmanın literatüre daha fazla katkı sunabilmesi açısından çalışmanın konusunu oluşturan değişkenlerin demografik değişkenler açısından farlılıkları incelenmiştir. Yapılan farklılık analizleri sonucunda etik liderlik ve örgütsel özdeşleşmenin; yaşa, eğitim durumuna, çalışma yılına ve pozisyona göre farklılaşmakta olduğu bulgulanmıştır.
Abrams, D. (1992). Processes of Social Identification, s. 57-99, (Ed.) Breakwell, G. M., Social Psychology of Identity and the Self-Concept. London: Surrey University Press.
Abrams, D. ve Hogg, M. A. (1990). Social Identity Theory: Constructive and Critical Advances. London and New York: Harvester Wheatsheaf and Springer.
Akgül, A. ve Çevik, O. (2003). İstatistiksel Analiz Teknikleri SPSS’te İşletme Yönetimi Uygulamaları. Ankara: Emek Ofset.
Akgül, A. (2005). Tıbbi Araştırmalarda İstatistiksel Analiz Teknikleri-SPSS Uygulamaları. Ankara: Yükseköğretim Kurulu Matbaası.
Akın, M. A., Engin, İ. Ş. ve Anuştekin, M. (2023). ‘‘Okul Psikolojik Danışmanlarının Algılarına Göre Okul Yöneticilerin Etik Liderlik Davranışlarının İncelenmesi’’. Milli Eğitim Dergisi, 52(238), 885-908.
Alkan, D. P. ve Arıkboğa, F. Ş. (2017). ‘‘Etik Liderlik Ve Örgütsel Vatandaşlık Davranışı İlişkisinde Örgütsel Özdeşleşmenin Aracılık Etkisi Ve Bir Uygulama’’. Yönetim ve Ekonomi Dergisi, 24(2), 349-369. https://doi.org/10.18657/yonveek.335229
Aslan, R. ve Sarıyıldız, Y. (2022). ‘‘Yöneticilerin Etik Liderlik Davranışlarının Çeşitli Değişkenler Açısından Öğretmen Algılarına Göre İncelenmesi’’. Asya Çalışmaları, 6 (20), 5160 .https://doi.org/10.31455/asya.112628
Başar, U. ve Basım, H. N. (2015). ‘‘Etik Liderliğin İş Tatmini Üzerindeki Etkisinde Örgütsel Özdeşleşmenin Aracı Rolü’’. Research Gate, 3, 117-122.
Brown, M. E. ve Trevino, L. K. (2006). ‘‘Ethical Leadership: A Review And Future Directions’’. The Leadership Quarterly, 17(6), 595-616. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2006.10.004
Brown, M. E., Trevino, L. K. ve Harrison, D. A. (2005). Ethical Leadership: A Social Learning Perspective For Constructdevelopment And Testing. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 97(2), 117-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obhdp.2005.03.002
Carmeli, A., Gilat G. ve Waldman, D.A. (2007). ‘‘The Role Of Perceived Organizational Performance İn Organizational Identification, Adjustment And Job Performance’’. Journal of Management Studies, 44 (6), 972992. https://doi/full/10.1111/j.1467-6486.2007.00691.x
Cheney, G. (1983). ‘‘The Rhetoric Of Identification And The Study Of Organizational Communication’’. Quarterly Journal of Speech, 69(2), 143-158. https://doi.org/10.1080/00335638309383643
Conaway, R. N. ve Fernandez, T. L. (2000). ‘‘Ethical Preferences Among Business Leaders: Implication For Business Schools’’. Business Communication Quarterly, 63(1), 23–38.
Costa, S., Daher, P., Neves, P. ve Velez, M. J. (2022). ‘‘The Interplay Between Ethical Leadership And Supervisor Organizational Embodiment On Organizational Identification And Extra-Role Performance’’. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 31(2), 214-225. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2021.1952988
Cranston, N., Ehrich, L. ve Kimber, M. (2003). ‘‘The ‘Right’ Decision? Towards An Understanding Of Ethical Dilemmas For School Leaders’’. Westminster Studies in Education, 26(2), 135–147.
Çakıroğlu, D. ve Başpınar, N. Ö. (2021). ‘‘Etik Liderlik Davranışlarının Örgüt İklimi Ve Örgütsel Özdeşleşmeye Etkisi’’. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 18(3), 1903-1927. https://doi.org/10.33437/ksusbd.873984
Edwards, M. (2005). ‘‘Organizational Identification: A Conceptual And Operational Review’’. International Journal of Management Reviews, 7(4), 207-230. https://doi/full/10.1111/j.1468-2370.2005.00114.x
Erer, B. (2023). ‘‘Eğitim Ve Geliştirme Faaliyetleri Çalışan Performansını Etkiler Mi? Örgütsel Özdeşleşme Bağlamında Bir Araştırma’’. Selçuk Üniversitesi Akşehir Meslek Yüksekokulu Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, (15), 11-20.
George, D. ve Mallery, P. (2003). SPSS For Windows Step By Step: A Simple Guide And Reference, 4th Edition, Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
Greenberg, J. (1990). ‘‘Organizational Justice: Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow’’. Journal of Management, 16, 399-432.
Gürbüz, S. ve Şahin, F. (2018). Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma Yöntemleri Felsefe-Yöntem-Analiz. Ankara:Seçkin Yayıncılık.
Islam, T., Ahmed, I. ve Ali, G. (2018). ‘‘Effects Of Ethical Leadership On Bullying And Voice Behavior Among Nurses: Mediating Role Of Organizational Identification, Poor Working Condition And Workload’’. Leadership in Health Services, 32(1), 2-17.
Khan, H. U. R., Ali, M., Olya, H. G. T., Zulqarnain, M. ve Khan, Z. R. (2018). ‘‘Transformational Leadership, Corporate Social Responsibility, Organiza-Tional Innovation, And Organizational Performance: Symmetrical Andasymmetrical Analytical Approaches’’. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 25(6), 1270-1283. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.1637
Kılınç, S. (2017). Yöneticilerin Etik Liderlik Davranışlarının Örgütsel Özdeşleşme, Sapkın Davranışlar Ve Sinizme Etkisi (Yayımlanmış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Nevşehir: Hacı Bektaş Veli Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
Kuru, S. A. (2020). ‘‘Etik Liderlik Ve Örgütsel Özdeşleşme Arasındaki İlişki: Kişi Örgüt Uyumunun Aracılık Etkisi’’. Business and Economics Research Journal, 11(2), 515-530.
Kürü, S. A. (2020). ‘‘Prosedürel Adalet Algısı Ve Örgütsel Özdeşleşme Arasındaki İlişki: Etik Liderliğin Aracılık Rolü’’. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 12(4), 3895-3913. https://doi.org/10.20491/isarder.2020.1079
Lennick, D. ve Fred, K. (2005). “Etik Zekâ” Çevirenler: S. Alpagut, E. Nal ve H. Nal. İstanbul: CSA Global Publishing.
Liu, Y., Loi, R. ve Lam, L.W. (2011). ‘‘Linking Organizational Identification And Employee Performance in Teams: The Moderating Role Of Team-Member Exchange’’. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 22 (15), 3187-3201. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2011.560875
Mael, F. ve Ashforth, B. E. (1992). ‘‘Alumni And Their Alma Mater: A Partial Test Of The Reformulated Model Of Organizational Identification’’. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 13(2), 103-123. https://doi/abs/10.1002/job.4030130202
Mıhcı, H. ve Uzun, T. (2020). ‘‘Analyzing The Relationship Between Ethical Leadership And Organizational Justice And Organizational Identification in Schools’’. International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 12(3), 29-39.
Mishra, P. ve Schmidt, G. B. (2018). ‘‘How Can Leaders Of Multinational Organizations Be Ethical By Contributing To Corporate Social Responsibilityinitiatives? Guidelines And Pitfalls For Leaders Trying To Do Good’’. Business Horizons, 61(6), 833-843. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2018.07.011
Mostafa, A. M. S. (2018). ‘‘Ethical Leadership And Organizational Citizenship Behaviours: The Moderating Role Of Organizational Identification’’. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 27(4), 441-449. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2018.1470088
Niu, L., Xia, W. ve Liu, Y. (2022). ‘‘The Double-Edged Sword Effect Of Ethical Leadership On Constructive Deviance: An Integrated Model Of Two Approaches Based On Organizational Identification And Normative Conflict’’. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 892395.
Northouse, P. G. (2021). Leadership: Theory and Practice. Sage Publications.
O'Keefe, D. F., Peach, J. M. ve Messervey, D. L. (2019). ‘‘The Combined Effect Of Ethical Leadership, Moral Identity, And Organizational Identification On Workplace Behavior’’. Journal of Leadership Studies, 13(1), 20-35.
Piccolo, R. F., Greenbaum, R., Hartog, D. N. D. ve Folger, R. (2010). ‘‘The Relationship Between Ethical Leadership Andcore Job Characteristics’’. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 31(2-3), 259-278. https://doi/10.1002/job.627
Qian, Y. ve Jian, G. (2020). ‘‘Ethical Leadership And Organizational Cynicism: The Mediating Role Of Leader-Member Exchange And Organizational Identification’’. Corporate Communications: An International Journal, 25(2), 207-226. https://doi/10.1108/CCIJ-06-2019-0069/full/html
Pallant, J. (2005). SPSS Survival Manual. Allen & Unwin. Australia.
Roeck, K. D. ve Farooq, O. (2018). ‘‘Corporate Social Responsibility And Ethical Leadership: Investigating Their Interactive Effect On Employees’socially Responsible Behaviors’’. Journal of Business Ethics,151, 923-939. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551‐017‐3656‐6
Rousseau, D. M. (1998). Why Workers Still İdentify With Organizations?. Journal Of Organizational Behavior, 19(3), 217-233.
Sari, U. T. (2019). ‘‘The Effect Of Ethical Leadership On Voice Behavior: The Role Of Mediators Organizational Identification And Moderating Self-Efficacy For Voice’’. Journal of Leadership in Organizations, 1(1), 48-66.
Sarwar, H., Ishaq, M. I., Amin, A. ve Ahmed, R. (2020). ‘‘Ethical Leadership, Work Engagement, Employees’ Well-Being, And Performance: A Cross-Cultural Comparison’’. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 28(12), 2008-2026. https://doi/full/10.1080/09669582.2020.1788039
Tajfel, H. (1982). ‘‘Social Psychology of Intergroup Relations’’. Annual Review of Psychology, 51(1): 1-39. https://doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev.ps.33.020182.000245
Tajfel, H. ve Turner, J. C. (1985). The Social Identity Theory of Intergroup Behavior, s. 7-24, (Ed.) Worchel, S. ve Austin, W. G., The Psychology of Intergroup Relations. Chicago: Nelson-Hall IL.
Tseng, L. M. ve Wu, J. Y. (2017). ‘‘How Can Financial Organizations İmprove Employee Loyalty? The Effects Of Ethical Leadership, Psychological Contract Fulfillment And Organizational Identification’’. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 38(5), 679-698.
Turner, J. C. (1982). Towards A Cognitive Redefinition of the Social Group, s. 15-40, (Ed.) Tajfel, H., Social Identity and Intergroup Relations. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Tyler, T.R. (1999). ‘‘Why People Cooperate With Organizations: An Identity Based Perspective. Research in Organizational Behavior’’, 21, 201-246.
Walumbwa, F. O., Mayer, D. M., Wang, P., Wang, H., Workman, K. ve Christensen, A. L. (2011). ‘‘Linking Ethical Leadership To Employee Performance: The Roles Of Leader–Member Exchange, Self-Efficacy, And Organizational Identification’’. Organizational Behavior And Human Decision Processes, 115(2), 204-213.
Yıldız, Ş., Ekin, E., Arslan, M., Eroğlu, F. ve Eroğlu, B. (2023). ‘‘Öğretmen Algılarına Göre Okul Yöneticilerinin Etik Liderlik Davranışlarının İncelenmesi’’. Balkan & Near Eastern Journal of Social Sciences (BNEJSS), 9(2), 92-97.
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