TR
EN
BEING A COMRADE OF THE CIDDAVIS: THE SECURITY OF THE CAIRO PILGRIMAGE CARAVAN AND ITS ECONOMIC DIMENSIONS IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY
Öz
The Ottoman sultans, who bore the title “Servant of the Two Holy Sanctuaries”, assumed many responsibilities related to Mecca and Medina and their pilgrimage affairs, including the security of pilgrims, pilgrimage routes, and of the Holy Cities themselves. During the Ottoman period, these security services were mainly provided both by soldiers located in Mecca and Medina, and by troops who were sent from the provinces of Damascus and Egypt. This study evaluates the role of the Ciddavi (Ar. Jiddawi) soldiers recruited from the seven corps of Egypt to escort the pilgrimage caravans under the command of the serdar-ı kitar (commander of the military force escorting pilgrims) of Egypt, returning to Cairo at the end of the pilgrimage season. In this context, the military structure and remit of the Ciddavi Unit will be examined by focusing on the imperial edicts in the mühimme-i Mısır registers. This study reveals that the Janissaries were the most powerful and influential military corps within the Ciddavi Unit and they used this power to benefit their commercial interests. The soldiers who went to Mecca and Jeddah from Cairo for pilgrimage services created commercial opportunities for the Janissary Corps, which had a great interest in the Red Sea trade. Janissary commanders and soldiers of the Ciddavi Unit, together with the Egyptian merchants and artisans under their protection, became inconspicuous, yet important, parts of the international trade conducted between the Red Sea and the Mediterranean.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Destekleyen Kurum
European Research Council (ERC)
Proje Numarası
849911
Kaynakça
- Bab-ı Asafi Divan-ı Hümayun Defterleri-Mühimme-i Mısır Defterleri (A.DVNS.MSR.MHM.d) 1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6; 7; 8; 9. Bab-ı Asafi Divan-ı Hümayun Defterleri-Mühimme Defterleri (A.DVNS.MHM.d) 12. Maliyeden Müdevver Defterler (MAD.d) 4258.
- Abdülkerim b. Abdurrahman, Tarih-i Mısır, Süleymaniye Library (Istanbul), Hekimoğlu Ali Paşa Collection 705.
- Al-Damurdashi Ahmad Kethuda ‘Azaban, Al-Damurdashi’s Chronicle of Egypt 1688-1737: Al-durra al-musana fi akhbar al-kinana, (eds. and trans. Daniel Crecelius and ‘Abd al-Wahhab Bakr), Leiden 1991.
- ‘Abd al-Malik, Sami Saleh, “The Khans of the Egyptian Hajj Route in the Mamluk and Ottoman Periods”, The Hajj: Collected Essays, (eds. Venetia Porter and Liana Saif), London 2013, p. 52-64.
- Abd ar-Rahman al-Jabarti, Al-Jabarti’s History of Egypt, (ed. Jane Hathaway), Princeton 2009.
- Barkan, Ömer Lütfi, XV ve XVI inci Asırlarda Osmanlı İmparatorluğunda Ziraî Ekonominin Hukukî ve Malî Esasları, Birinci Cilt: Kanunlar, Istanbul 1943.
- Brower, Benjamin Claude, “The Hajj by Land”, The Hajj: Pilgrimage in Islam, (eds. Eric Tagliacozzo and Shawkat M. Toorawa), New York 2016, p. 87-113.
- Cezzâr Ahmed Pasha, Ottoman Egypt in the Eighteenth Century: The Nizâmnâme-i Mısır of Cezzâr Ahmed Pasha, (ed. and trans. Stanford J. Shaw), Cambridge 1964.
Ayrıntılar
Birincil Dil
İngilizce
Konular
-
Bölüm
Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar
Yayımlanma Tarihi
14 Haziran 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi
1 Aralık 2021
Kabul Tarihi
5 Ocak 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı
Yıl 2022 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1
APA
Altıntaş, A. M. (2022). BEING A COMRADE OF THE CIDDAVIS: THE SECURITY OF THE CAIRO PILGRIMAGE CARAVAN AND ITS ECONOMIC DIMENSIONS IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. Cihannüma Tarih ve Coğrafya Araştırmaları Dergisi, 8(1), 79-100. https://doi.org/10.30517/cihannuma.1131051
AMA
1.Altıntaş AM. BEING A COMRADE OF THE CIDDAVIS: THE SECURITY OF THE CAIRO PILGRIMAGE CARAVAN AND ITS ECONOMIC DIMENSIONS IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. Cihannüma. 2022;8(1):79-100. doi:10.30517/cihannuma.1131051
Chicago
Altıntaş, Abdulmennan Mehmet. 2022. “BEING A COMRADE OF THE CIDDAVIS: THE SECURITY OF THE CAIRO PILGRIMAGE CARAVAN AND ITS ECONOMIC DIMENSIONS IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY”. Cihannüma Tarih ve Coğrafya Araştırmaları Dergisi 8 (1): 79-100. https://doi.org/10.30517/cihannuma.1131051.
EndNote
Altıntaş AM (01 Haziran 2022) BEING A COMRADE OF THE CIDDAVIS: THE SECURITY OF THE CAIRO PILGRIMAGE CARAVAN AND ITS ECONOMIC DIMENSIONS IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. Cihannüma Tarih ve Coğrafya Araştırmaları Dergisi 8 1 79–100.
IEEE
[1]A. M. Altıntaş, “BEING A COMRADE OF THE CIDDAVIS: THE SECURITY OF THE CAIRO PILGRIMAGE CARAVAN AND ITS ECONOMIC DIMENSIONS IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY”, Cihannüma, c. 8, sy 1, ss. 79–100, Haz. 2022, doi: 10.30517/cihannuma.1131051.
ISNAD
Altıntaş, Abdulmennan Mehmet. “BEING A COMRADE OF THE CIDDAVIS: THE SECURITY OF THE CAIRO PILGRIMAGE CARAVAN AND ITS ECONOMIC DIMENSIONS IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY”. Cihannüma Tarih ve Coğrafya Araştırmaları Dergisi 8/1 (01 Haziran 2022): 79-100. https://doi.org/10.30517/cihannuma.1131051.
JAMA
1.Altıntaş AM. BEING A COMRADE OF THE CIDDAVIS: THE SECURITY OF THE CAIRO PILGRIMAGE CARAVAN AND ITS ECONOMIC DIMENSIONS IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. Cihannüma. 2022;8:79–100.
MLA
Altıntaş, Abdulmennan Mehmet. “BEING A COMRADE OF THE CIDDAVIS: THE SECURITY OF THE CAIRO PILGRIMAGE CARAVAN AND ITS ECONOMIC DIMENSIONS IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY”. Cihannüma Tarih ve Coğrafya Araştırmaları Dergisi, c. 8, sy 1, Haziran 2022, ss. 79-100, doi:10.30517/cihannuma.1131051.
Vancouver
1.Abdulmennan Mehmet Altıntaş. BEING A COMRADE OF THE CIDDAVIS: THE SECURITY OF THE CAIRO PILGRIMAGE CARAVAN AND ITS ECONOMIC DIMENSIONS IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. Cihannüma. 01 Haziran 2022;8(1):79-100. doi:10.30517/cihannuma.1131051