Examining the Quality of the Elementary School Mathematics Tasks Recommended for Distance Education
Yıl 2023,
, 1 - 32, 30.04.2023
Hande Gülbağcı Dede
,
Deniz Özen Ünal
,
Zuhal Yılmaz
Öz
As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, distance education started at K-12 levels in the spring semester of the 2019-2020 school year. The Ministry of National Education had also published instructional tasks to be used in distance education at all grade levels in order to create mathematics learning opportunities for students and to provide resources for teachers. Well-structured and high-quality instructional tasks play an important role in students' learning mathematics. The aim of this study is to examine the quality of the elementary school mathematics tasks recommended for distance remedial education from multiple perspectives, in particular their cognitive demand levels. A total of 85 tasks focusing on 79 critical objectives in grades 1-4 mathematics were examined using document analysis. Results of this study showed that the majority of the tasks were at low cognitive demand level, cognitive demand levels did not show a balanced distribution, and some tasks had mathematical errors.
Kaynakça
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- Barlow, A. T., Edwards, C. M., Robichaux-Davis, R., & Sears, R. (2020). Enhancing and transforming virtual ınstruction. Mathematics Teacher: Learning and Teaching PK-12, 113(12), 972–982. https://doi.org/10.5951/MTLT.2020.0283
- Bayazit, I. (2013). Quality of the tasks in the new Turkish elementary mathematics textbooks: The case of proportional reasoning. International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 11(3), 651–682. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10763-012-9358-8
- Bingölbali, E., & Özmantar, M. F. (2015). Matematiksel kavram yanılgı: Sebepleri ve çözüm arayışları. E. Bingölbali, & M. F. Özmantar (Ed.), İlköğretimde karşılaşılan matematiksel zorluklar ve çözüm önerileri içinde (5. bs.) (ss. 313–348). Pegem Yayınevi.
- Boaler, J., & Staples, M. (2008). Creating mathematical futures through an equitable teaching approach: The case of railside school. Teachers College Record, 110, 8–9.
- Boston, M. D. (2012). Assessing instructional quality in mathematics. The Elementary School Journal, 113, 76–104. https://doi.org/10.1086/666387
- Boston, M. D. (2017). Instructional quality assessment classroom observation tool: Rater packet. Unpublished document.
- Boston, M., Candela, A. G., & Dixon, J. K. (2019). Making sense of mathematics for teaching to inform instructional quality. Solution Tree Press.
- Boston, M. D., & Smith, M. S. (2009). Transforming secondary mathematics teaching: Increasing the cognitive demands of instructional tasks used in teachers' classrooms. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 40(2), 119–156. https://doi.org/10.2307/40539329
- Bowen, G. A. (2009). Document analysis as a qualitative research method. Qualitative Research Journal, 9(2), 27–40. https://doi.org/10.3316/QRJ0902027
- Bozkurt, A. (2018). Ortaokul 6. sınıf matematik ders kitabındaki etkinliklerin amaç, öğrenci çalışma biçimi ve uygulanabilirlik yönleriyle değerlendirilmesi. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 17(66), 535-548. https://doi.org/10.17755/esosder.342636
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- Cheung, A. C., & Slavin, R. E. (2013). The effectiveness of educational technology applications for enhancing mathematics achievement in K-12 classrooms: A meta-analysis. Educational Research Review, 9, 88–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2013.01.001
- Doğan Coşkun, S., & Işıksal Bostan, M. (2019). An in-service primary teacher’s implementation of mathematical tasks: The case of length measurement and perimeter instruction. International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, 50(4), 486–505. https://doi.org/10.1080/0020739X.2018.1522675
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- Doyle, W. (1988). Work in mathematics classes: The context of students' thinking during instruction. Educational Psychologist, 23(2), 167–180. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15326985ep2302_6
- Engin, Ö., & Sezer, R. (2016). 7. sınıf matematik ders kitabındaki ve programdaki etkinliklerin bilişsel istem düzeylerinin karşılaştırılması. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Buca Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, (42), 24 –46.
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- Güzel, M., Bozkurt, A., & Özmantar, M.F. (2020). Öğretimsel dokümanlardaki etkinliklerin amaçlarının ortaokul matematik öğretmenlerinin perspektifinden incelenmesi. Cumhuriyet Uluslararası Eğitim Dergisi, 9(3), 875–896. http://dx.doi.org/10.30703/cije.668064
- Hadar, L. L. (2017). Opportunities to learn: Mathematics textbooks and students’ achievements. Studies in Educational Evaluation, 55, 153–166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stueduc.2017.10.002
- Hattie, J., Fisher, D., Frey, N., Gojak, L. M., Moore, S. D., & Mellman, W. (2016). Visible learning for mathematics, grades K-12: What works best to optimize student learning. Corwin Press.
- Henningsen, M., & Stein, M. K. (1997). Mathematical tasks and student cognition: Classroom-based factors that support and inhibit high-level mathematical thinking and reasoning. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 28(5), 524–549. https://doi.org/10.5951/jresematheduc.28.5.0524
- Hill, H. C. (2010). The nature and predictors of elementary teachers' mathematical knowledge for teaching. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 41(5), 513–545. https://doi.org/10.5951/jresematheduc.41.5.0513
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Uzaktan Eğitim için Önerilen İlkokul Matematik Etkinliklerinin Niteliğinin Değerlendirilmesi
Yıl 2023,
, 1 - 32, 30.04.2023
Hande Gülbağcı Dede
,
Deniz Özen Ünal
,
Zuhal Yılmaz
Öz
COVID-19 salgını ile birlikte 2019-2020 akademik yılının bahar döneminden itibaren tüm öğretim kademelerinde uzaktan eğitime geçilmiştir. Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı da öğrencilere matematik öğrenme fırsatları oluşturmak ve öğretmenlere kaynak sağlamak adına tüm sınıf düzeylerinde uzaktan eğitimde kullanılmak üzere öğretim etkinlikleri yayınlanmıştır. İyi yapılandırılmış ve nitelikli öğretim etkinlikleri öğrencilerin matematiği öğrenmesinde önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı da ilkokul matematik dersine yönelik yayınlanmış olan ilkokul matematik etkinliklerinin başta bilişsel istem düzeyi olmak üzere farklı açılardan incelenmesi ve niteliğinin ortaya konmasıdır. Doküman analizi yöntemiyle yürütülen çalışmada 1-4. sınıf düzeyi matematik alanındaki 79 kritik kazanıma ait 85 etkinlik incelenmiştir. Analiz sonucunda etkinliklerin birçoğunun düşük bilişsel istem düzeyinde olduğu, bilişsel istem düzeylerinin dengeli bir dağılım sergilemediği, ve bazı etkinliklerin matematiksel hatalar barındırdığı görülmüştür.
Kaynakça
- Bailey, D. H., Siegler, R. S., & Geary, D. C. (2014). Early predictors of middle school fraction knowledge. Developmental Science, 17(5), 775–785. https://doi.org/10.1111/desc.12155
- Barlow, A. T., Edwards, C. M., Robichaux-Davis, R., & Sears, R. (2020). Enhancing and transforming virtual ınstruction. Mathematics Teacher: Learning and Teaching PK-12, 113(12), 972–982. https://doi.org/10.5951/MTLT.2020.0283
- Bayazit, I. (2013). Quality of the tasks in the new Turkish elementary mathematics textbooks: The case of proportional reasoning. International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 11(3), 651–682. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10763-012-9358-8
- Bingölbali, E., & Özmantar, M. F. (2015). Matematiksel kavram yanılgı: Sebepleri ve çözüm arayışları. E. Bingölbali, & M. F. Özmantar (Ed.), İlköğretimde karşılaşılan matematiksel zorluklar ve çözüm önerileri içinde (5. bs.) (ss. 313–348). Pegem Yayınevi.
- Boaler, J., & Staples, M. (2008). Creating mathematical futures through an equitable teaching approach: The case of railside school. Teachers College Record, 110, 8–9.
- Boston, M. D. (2012). Assessing instructional quality in mathematics. The Elementary School Journal, 113, 76–104. https://doi.org/10.1086/666387
- Boston, M. D. (2017). Instructional quality assessment classroom observation tool: Rater packet. Unpublished document.
- Boston, M., Candela, A. G., & Dixon, J. K. (2019). Making sense of mathematics for teaching to inform instructional quality. Solution Tree Press.
- Boston, M. D., & Smith, M. S. (2009). Transforming secondary mathematics teaching: Increasing the cognitive demands of instructional tasks used in teachers' classrooms. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 40(2), 119–156. https://doi.org/10.2307/40539329
- Bowen, G. A. (2009). Document analysis as a qualitative research method. Qualitative Research Journal, 9(2), 27–40. https://doi.org/10.3316/QRJ0902027
- Bozkurt, A. (2018). Ortaokul 6. sınıf matematik ders kitabındaki etkinliklerin amaç, öğrenci çalışma biçimi ve uygulanabilirlik yönleriyle değerlendirilmesi. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 17(66), 535-548. https://doi.org/10.17755/esosder.342636
- Britannica. (2020, March 19). Leap year. https://www.britannica.com/science/leap-year-calendar
- Cheung, A. C., & Slavin, R. E. (2013). The effectiveness of educational technology applications for enhancing mathematics achievement in K-12 classrooms: A meta-analysis. Educational Research Review, 9, 88–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2013.01.001
- Doğan Coşkun, S., & Işıksal Bostan, M. (2019). An in-service primary teacher’s implementation of mathematical tasks: The case of length measurement and perimeter instruction. International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, 50(4), 486–505. https://doi.org/10.1080/0020739X.2018.1522675
- Dorn, E., Hancock, B., Sarakatsannis, J., & Viruleg, E. (2020, June 1). COVID-19 and student learning in the United States: The hurt could last a lifetime. McKinsey and Company. https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/public-and-social-sector/our-insights/covid-19-and-student-learning-in-the-united-states-the-hurt-could-last-a-lifetime
- Doyle, W. (1988). Work in mathematics classes: The context of students' thinking during instruction. Educational Psychologist, 23(2), 167–180. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15326985ep2302_6
- Engin, Ö., & Sezer, R. (2016). 7. sınıf matematik ders kitabındaki ve programdaki etkinliklerin bilişsel istem düzeylerinin karşılaştırılması. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Buca Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, (42), 24 –46.
- Estrella, S., Zakaryan, D., Olfos, R., & Espinoza, G. (2020). How teachers learn to maintain the cognitive demand of tasks through lesson study. Journal of Mathematics Teacher Education, 23(3), 293–310. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10857-018-09423-y
- Gonzales, N. A. (1994). Problem posing: A neglected component in mathematics courses for prospective elementary and middle school teachers. School Science and Mathematics, 94(2), 78–84. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1949-8594.1994.tb12295.x
- Güzel, M., Bozkurt, A., & Özmantar, M.F. (2020). Öğretimsel dokümanlardaki etkinliklerin amaçlarının ortaokul matematik öğretmenlerinin perspektifinden incelenmesi. Cumhuriyet Uluslararası Eğitim Dergisi, 9(3), 875–896. http://dx.doi.org/10.30703/cije.668064
- Hadar, L. L. (2017). Opportunities to learn: Mathematics textbooks and students’ achievements. Studies in Educational Evaluation, 55, 153–166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stueduc.2017.10.002
- Hattie, J., Fisher, D., Frey, N., Gojak, L. M., Moore, S. D., & Mellman, W. (2016). Visible learning for mathematics, grades K-12: What works best to optimize student learning. Corwin Press.
- Henningsen, M., & Stein, M. K. (1997). Mathematical tasks and student cognition: Classroom-based factors that support and inhibit high-level mathematical thinking and reasoning. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 28(5), 524–549. https://doi.org/10.5951/jresematheduc.28.5.0524
- Hill, H. C. (2010). The nature and predictors of elementary teachers' mathematical knowledge for teaching. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 41(5), 513–545. https://doi.org/10.5951/jresematheduc.41.5.0513
- Huinker, D., & Bill, V. (2017). Taking action: Implementing effective mathematics teaching practices in k-grade 5. National Council of Teachers of Mathematics.
- Kajander, A., & Lovric, M. (2009). Mathematics textbooks and their potential role in supporting misconceptions. International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, 40(2), 173–181. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207390701691558
- Kazak, S. (2020). Etkinliklerin teknoloji bağlamında değerlendirilmesi. Y. Dede, M.F. Doğan, & F. A. Tutak (Ed.), Matematik eğitiminde etkinlikler ve uygulamaları içinde (ss. 145–163). Pegem Yayınevi.
- Lannin, J. K., & Chval, K. B. (2013). Challenge beginning teacher beliefs. Teaching Children Mathematics, 19(8), 508–515. https://doi.org/10.5951/teacchilmath.19.8.0508
- Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı. (2018). Matematik dersi öğretim programı (İlkokul ve ortaokul 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ve 8. sınıflar). Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı.
- Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı. (2020, 25 Ağustos). 18 Eylül'e kadar sürecek uzaktan eğitim döneminin yol haritası [Basın bülteni]. https://www.meb.gov.tr/18-eylule-kadar-surecek-uzaktan-egitim-doneminin-yol-haritasi/haber/21499/tr Miles, M, B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook (2nd ed.). Sage Publication.
- Munter, C. (2014). Developing visions of high-quality mathematics instruction. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 45(5), 584–635. https://doi.org/10.5951/jresematheduc.45.5.0584
- National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. (2000). Principles and standards for school mathematics. National Council of Teachers of Mathematics.
- National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. (2014). Principles to actions: Ensuring mathematical success for all.National Council of Teachers of Mathematics.
- Ni, Y., Zhou, D. H. R., Cai, J., Li, X., Li, Q., & Sun, I. X. (2018). Improving cognitive and affective learning outcomes of students through mathematics instructional tasks of high cognitive demand. The Journal of Educational Research, 111(6), 704–719. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220671.2017.1402748
- Oliver, J. (1998). How we try to measure time: Calendars. Mathematics in School, 27(5), 2–6.
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