BALKAN ÜLKELERİNDE HAVA TAŞIMACILIĞI, EKONOMİK BÜYÜME VE TURİZMİN HAVA KİRLİLİĞİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ

Öz

Bu çalışma, hava taşımacılığı, turizm ve ekonomik büyümenin çevre kirliliği üzerindeki etkisini araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Hava kirliliği için bir ölçüt olarak CO2 emisyonlarını kullanarak 1995-2020 yılları arasında 10 Balkan ülkesinde turizm, ekonomik büyüme, hava ulaşımı ve karbon emisyonlarının uzun vadeli etkilerini incelemektedir. Uzun vadeli panel otoregresif dağıtılmış gecikme (ARDL) tahminleri, hava yolculuğu, ekonomik büyüme ve turizmdeki her %1'lik etki için CO2 emisyonlarının %0,22, %0,32 ve -%0,34 oranında değişim gösterdiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Granger nedensellik analizi ayrıca dört önemli nedensel yol bulmuştur: (1) CO2 emisyonları ile hava yolculuğu arasında tek yönlü bir bağlantı; (2) CO2 emisyonları ile ekonomik büyüme arasında tek yönlü bir bağlantı; (3) turizm ile hava yolculuğu arasında tek yönlü bir bağlantı ve (4) ekonomik büyüme ile turizm arasında tek yönlü bir bağlantı. Bu bulgular, incelenen ülkelerdeki iklim politikalarını şekillendirmekte ve dünya genelindeki insanları etkilemektedir. Politika yapıcılar, turizmin çevresel etkisini azaltmak için çevre dostu konutları ve çöp atmayan turistleri teşvik etmelidir. Altyapı harcamalarında da düşük karbonlu havacılık ve yenilenebilir enerjiye öncelik verilmelidir. Stratejik ekonomik planlama, büyüme ve de-karbonizasyon hedeflerinin eşleştirilmesini gerektirir. Yenilenebilir enerji ve döngüsel ekonomi fikirleri yeşil büyümeyi teşvik edecektir. Bu girişimler refah ve çevrenin korunması arasında denge kurarak Balkanlar ve diğer bölgeleri güçlü, düşük karbonlu ekonomilere giden yola sokabilecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hava Kirliliği
• Hava Taşımacılığı
• Ekonomik Büyüme
• Turizm
• ARDL

EVALUATING THE INTERPLAY BETWEEN AIR TRANSPORT, ECONOMY, TOURISM, AND POLLUTION IN THE BALKANS

Öz

This study aims to investigate the effect of air transportation, tourism, and economic growth on environmental pollution. The impact of tourism, economic growth, air transportation, and carbon emissions (as a surrogate for air pollution) on ten Balkan nations from 1995 to 2020 is investigated in this study. Long-term panel autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) projections reveal that CO2 emissions are affected by 0.22%, 0.32%, and -0.34% for every 1% increase in air transportation, economic growth, and tourism. Granger causality analysis identifies four significant causal pathways: (1) a unilateral relationship between CO2 emissions and air transportation; (2) a unilateral relationship between CO2 emissions and economic growth; (3) a unilateral relationship between tourism and air transportation; and (4) a unilateral relationship between economic growth and tourism. These findings shape climate policy in the countries investigated and affect people worldwide. Policymakers should incentivize eco-friendly housing and litter-free tourists to reduce tourism's environmental impact. Infrastructure expenditures should also prioritize low-carbon aviation and renewable energy. Strategic economic planning requires that growth and decarbonization targets match. Renewable energy and circular economic ideas will promote green growth. These initiatives may balance prosperity and environmental protection, putting the Balkans and other regions on the path to strong, low-carbon economies.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Air Pollution
• Air Transportation
• Economic Growth
• Tourism
• ARDL

Kaynakça

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