Optimal Reactive Power Injection in Distribution Networks to Maximize Cost Savings Via AOA

Öz

Utilities have been forced to raise the overall efficiency towards a better position in radial distribution systems (DS). The literature has proved that reactive power compensation performs well in minimizing the power loss ( PLoss ) and enhancing the bus voltage profile within the permissible range in radial DSs. This work presents Archimedes optimization algorithm (AOA) to resolve the problem efficiently. The merit of this technique is that it can offer a global or near-global optimum for capacitor siting and sizing. The main intention of this study is to obtain annual financial benefit (AFB) using the placement and sizing of capacitors optimally. This can, however, be achieved by minimizing the objective function composed of cost-based PLoss and capacitor investment cost on radial DSs. The proposed technique has been tested on four renowned DS: the Indian 10-bus, modified 12-bus, IEEE 69-bus, and 94-bus Portugal system. The previously published papers are compared with the outcomes of AOA in terms of PLoss reduction and AFB and prove that AOA achieves better performance and more AFB.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Capacitor siting and sizing
• Radial distribution system
• PLoss minimization
• Archimedes Optimization algorithm

Kaynakça

1. [1]. S. G.Ankaliki, A. D. Kulkarni, S. I. Katti “Hierarchical Compensation Technique for Loss Minimization in DistributionSystems,” IOSR Journal of Engineering (IOSRJEN), vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 356-362, February 2012.
2. [2]. G. G. Soma, “Optimal Sizing and Placement of Capacitor Banks in Distribution Networks Using a Genetic Algorithm. Electricity,” MDPI, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 187-204, May 2021.
3. [3]. P. S. Babu, B. Pamuleti, M. P. Lalitha, “Optimal Capacitor Placement in Radial Distribution Systems Using Fuzzy and Advanced Harmony Search Algorithm for Loss Reduction,” International Journal of Engineering Research &Technology, vol. 2, no. 11, pp. 3256-60, November 2013.
4. [4]. M. N.l Muhtazaruddin, J. J. Jamian, D. Nguyen, N. A. Jalalludin and G. Fujita, “Optimal capacitor placement and sizing via artificial bee colony,” International Journal of Smart Grid and Clean Energy, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 200-206, April 2014.
5. [5]. S. M. Tabatabaei, B. Vahidi, “Bacterial foraging solution based fuzzy logic decision for optimal capacitor allocation in radial distribution system,” Electric Power Systems Research, vol 81, pp. 1045-1050, April 2011. [6]. A. A. El-Fergany, “Optimal capacitor allocations using evolutionary algorithms,” IET Generation Transmission & Distribution, vol. 7, no. 6, pp. 593-601, June 2013.
6. [7]. A. Elsheikh, Y. Helmy, Y. Abouelseoud, A. Elsherif, et al., “Optimal capacitor placement and sizing in radial electric power systems,” Alexandria Engineering Journal, vol. 53, no. 4, pp. 809-816, December 2014. [8]. B. Venkatesh, B. Ranjan, “Data structure for radial distribution load flow analysis,” In Proc. Of the IEE Proceeding in Generation, Transmission and Distribution, vol. 150, no. 1, pp. 101-106, January 2003.
7. [9]. F. E. Riaño, J. F. Cruz, O. D. Montoya, H. R. Chamorro, L. Alvarado-Barrios, et al., “Reduction of Losses and Operating Costs in Distribution Networks Using a Genetic Algorithm and Mathematical Optimization,” Electronics, vol. 10, no. 419, pp. 1-25, February 2021.
8. [10]. C. K. Reddy, G. Srinivasan, B. S. Lokasree, “Optimization of reactive power support in Power Distribution Network – An economically based study,” In Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Electrical Energy Systems, February 2021.

9. [11]. A. Y. Abdelaziz, E. S. Ali, S. M. Abd Elazim, “Flower Pollination Algorithm for Optimal Capacitor Placement and Sizing in Distribution Systems,” Electric Power Components and Systems, vol. 44, no. 5, pp. 544-555, February 2016.
10. [12]. D. Jose da Silva, E. Antonio Belati, E. Werley Silva dos Angelos. “FPAES: A Hybrid Approach for the Optimal Placement and Sizing of Reactive Compensation in Distribution Grids,” Energies, vol. 13, pp. 1-18, December 2020.
11. [13]. S. K. Sampangi, T. Jayabarathi, “Optimal capacitor allocation in distribution networks for minimization of power loss and overall cost using water cycle algorithm and grey wolf optimizer,” International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems (Wiley), vol. 30, no. 5, pp. 1-32, January 2020. [14]. V. Tamilselvan, T. Jayabarathi, T. Raghunathan, Xin-She Yang, et al., “Optimal capacitor placement in radial distribution systems using flower pollination algorithm,” Alexandria Engineering Journal, vol. 57, pp. 2775-2786, December 2018.
12. [15]. A. R. Youssef, S. Kamel, M. Ebeed, J. Yu, et al., “Optimal Capacitor Allocation in Radial Distribution Networks using a combined optimization approach,” Electric Power Components and Systems, vol. 46, no. 19-20, pp.2084-102, December 2018.
13. [16]. L. C. Kien, T. T. Nguyen, T. D. Pham, T. T. Nguyen, “Cost reduction for energy loss and capacitor investment in radial distribution networks applying novel algorithms,” Neural Computing and Applications, vol. 22, pp. 1-28, June 2021.
14. [17]. A. Rahiminejad, A. Foroughi-Nematollahi, B. Vahidi, S. Shahrooyan, et al., “Optimal Placement of Capacitor Banks Using a New Modified Version of Teaching- Learning- Based Optimization Algorithm,” AUT Journal of Modeling and Simulation, vol. 50, no. 2, pp. 171-80, December 2018.
15. [18]. J. Gholinezhad, R. Noroozian, A. Bagheri, “Optimal Capacitor Allocation in Radial Distribution Networks for Annual Costs minimization Using Hybrid PSO and Sequential Power Loss Index Based Method,” Journal of Operation and Automation in Power Engineering, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 117-130, December 2017.
16. [19]. T. P. M. Mtonga, K. K. Kaberere, G. K. Irungu, “Optimal Shunt Capacitors’ Placement and Sizing in Radial Distribution Systems Using Multiverse Optimizer,” IEEE Canadian Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 10-21, February 2021.
17. [20]. L. C. Kien, T. T. Nguyen, b. H. Dinh, T. T. Nguyen, “Optimal Reactive Power Generation for Radial Distribution Systems Using a Highly Effective Proposed Algorithm,” Complexity (Hindawi), vol. 2021, pp. 1-36, January 2021.
18. [21]. M. Babanezhad, S. Arabi Nowdeh, A.Y.Abdelaziz, K.M. AboRas, and H. Kotb, “Reactive power based capacitors allocation in distribution network using mathematical remora optimization algorithm considering operation cost and loading conditions,” Alexandria Engineering Journal, vol. 61, no. 12, pp. 10511-10526, December 2022.
19. [22]. M. J. Tahir, M.B. Rasheed, and M. K. Rahmat, “Optimal Placement of Capacitors in Radial Distribution Grids via Enhanced Modified Particle Swarm Optimization,” Energies, vol. 15, pp. 1-27, March 2022.
20. [23]. O. D. Montoya, W. Gil-González and A. Garcés, “On the Conic Convex Approximation to Locate and Size Fixed-Step Capacitor Banks in Distribution Networks,” Computation, vol. 10, no. 32, February 2022.
21. [24]. T. P. M. Mtonga, K. K. Kaberere, and G. K. Irungu, “A Novel Optimal Shunt Capacitors Placement and Sizing Technique for Cost Minimization,” TechRxiv. Preprint, pp. 1-8, December 2021.
22. [25]. R. A. Gallego, A. J. Monticelli, R. Romero, “Optimal Capacitor Placement in Radial Distribution Networks,” IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 630-637, November 2001.
23. [26]. A. A. El-Fergany, A. Y. Abdelaziz, “Capacitor placement for net saving maximization and system stability enhancement in distribution networks using artificial bee colony-based approach,” Electrical Power and Energy Systems, vol.54, pp. 235-243, January 2014.
24. [27]. F. A. Hashim, K. Hussain, E. H. Houssein, M. S. Mabrouk, A. A. W, “Archimedes optimization algorithm: a new metaheuristic algorithm for solving optimization problems,” Applied Intelligence, vol. 51, pp. 1531-1551, September 2020.
25. [28]. D. Das, H. S. Nagi, D. P. Kothari, “Novel method for solving radial distribution networks,” IEEE Proc. on Generation, Transmission & Distribution, vol. 141, no. 4, pp. 291-8, July 1994.
26. [29]. M. M. Aman, G. B. Jasmon, H. Mokhlis, A. H. A. Bakar, “Optimal Placement and sizing of DG placed on a power stability index and line losses,” Electrical Power and Energy Systems, vol. 43, pp.1296-1304, December 2012.