İdeolojinin Coğrafi Tezahürü: Ērān Ud Anērān

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Sasani imparatorluk ideolojisi ve propagandası ile imparatorluğun merkezi coğrafyası arasında kurgulanan bağ tarif edilmekte ve bunun devlet sistemi kurgusunda dönüşüm ve sürekliliğe ne ölçüde etki ettiği ve bu dinamik sürecin hangi argümanlarla beslendiği ele alınmaktadır. Sasani imparatorluğu sadece rakiplerine karşı değil aynı zamanda kendi tebaasından farklı dini ve etnik zümrelerin aleyhine de ideolojik bir yaklaşım benimsemişti. Önce siyasi ve askeri kazanımlar elde ederek İran’da yegâne güç oldular daha sonra bu kazanımları din, tarih ve gelenekle takviye ettiler. Hem hanedanın kendisi hem de hanedanın hükmettiği coğrafya dini ve kültürel olarak kutsandı ve bunlardan birinin varlığı diğerinin mevcudiyetine zorunlu olarak bağlandı. Böylece Ērān, Ērānšahr ve Ērān ud anērān kavramları kurulan sistemin adı ve temsili oldu. Bu çalışmada Ērān kavramının ilk defa ne zaman kullanıldığıyla ilgili yeni bir öneri getirilmekte ve Ērānšahr “İran imparatorluğu” ve Ērān ud anērān “İraniler ve gayr-ı İraniler” gibi coğrafi ve tarihsel kavramların ne tür ideolojik saikler etrafında şekillendiği tartışılmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İran
• Sasaniler
• Sasani imparatorluğu
• Ka’be-i Zerdüşt yazıtı
• ideoloji ve propaganda.

Geographical Manifestation of Ideology: ĒRĀN UD ANĒRĀN

Öz

Investigating the connection established between the ideology and propaganda of the Sasanian Empire and the heart of Ērānšahr, this study aims to explore how this affects the transformation and continuity in the state system as well as how this dynamic process is maintained. The Sasanian system adopts an ideological approach which is not only against its rivals but also against the religious and ethnic groups different from its subjects. First, they gained political and military victories and became the only power in Iran, and later they maintained these victories and gains with religion, history and tradition. Both the dynasty itself and the geography ruled by the dynasty were considered as religiously and culturally sacred, and the existence of the Sasanian dynasty and Iran were made connected to each other. Thus, the concepts of Ērān, Ērānšahr and Ērān ud anērān became the names and representatives of the established system. This study suggests a new proposal about when the term Ērān ‘Iran’ was first used, and it formulates the ideological motives that urge Sasanians to use geographical and historical concepts such as Ērānšahr ‘Iranian empire’ and Ērān ud anērān ‘Iranians and non-Iranians’.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Iran
• Sasanians
• Sasanian Empire
• Ka’ba-i Zardosht inscription
• ideology and propaganda.

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