Artificial Intelligence and Ethics in Education

Öz

Artificial Intelligence (AI), also referred to as machine intelligence, is a technology that enables the machines to simulate humans’ actions and behaviours. This indicates AI has the capacity to display characteristics of human such as planning, reasoning, creativity and learning. AI technologies that are effectively utilized in multiple sectors proceed to be used in the education sector. The aim of this study is to reveal how to act ethically in utilizing artificial intelligence in education by comprehensively reviewing the existing literature. This study was carried out through document analysis which is one of the qualitative research methods. Document analysis involves examining written materials that contain information about the phenomenon being studied. AI technology, with its high efficiency and versatility, has contributed to the advancement of education. There are more concerns about AI’s intrusion into students’ privacy and AI bias and discrimination particularly against minorities. AI applications can violate the privacy of the users’ data while gathering it. AI can also cause ethical problems in consequence of generating information which is unaccredited, whose accuracy has not been verified, or which is inaccurate. Some significant suggestions for the usage of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) systems can be listed as follows: (1) Before starting to use the GAI systems, it is essential to obtain information about how the systems work and their potential risks, (2) It should be known that the responsibility for ethical violations that may arise from the usage of GAI lies with the users who utilize the regarding systems and incorporate them into their works.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Artificial Intelligence
• generative artificial ıntelligence
• machine ıntelligence
• ethics.

Eğitimde Yapay Zekâ ve Etik

Öz

Makine zekâsı da denilen yapay zekâ (YZ), makinelerin insan eylem ve davranışlarını canlandırmasına yardımcı olan bir teknolojidir. Bu, YZ’nin planlama, muhakeme, yaratıcılık ve öğrenme gibi insana özgü yetenekleri sergileme kabiliyeti olduğu anlamına geliyor. Birçok sektörde başarılı bir şekilde kullanılan yapay zekâ teknolojileri eğitim sektöründe de kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, mevcut literatürü kapsamlı bir şekilde tarayıp eğitimde yapay YZ’den yararlanmada etik olarak nasıl davranılması gerektiğini ortaya çıkartmaktır. Bu çalışma, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman incelemesi kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Doküman incelemesi, araştırılması hedeflenen olgu hakkında bilgi içeren yazılı materyallerin analizini kapsar. Yüksek verimliliği ve çok yönlülüğüyle yapay zekâ teknolojisi, eğitimin ilerlemesine yardımcı olmuştur. YZ’nin öğrencilerin mahremiyetine müdahalesi ve özellikle azınlıklara karşı YZ önyargısı ve ayrımcılığı konusunda daha fazla endişe var. Yapay zekâ uygulamaları, kullanıcıların verilerini toplarken bu verilerin gizliliğini ihlal edebiliyor. Yapay zekâ, kaynağı belirsiz, doğruluğu kontrol edilmemiş ya da hatalı bilgi üretebilmesi nedeniyle de etik sıkıntılara yol açabiliyor. Üretken Yapay Zekâ (ÜYZ) sistemlerinin kullanımına yönelik bazı önemli öneriler şöyle sıralanabilir: (1) ÜYZ sistemlerini kullanmaya başlamadan önce mutlaka sistemlerin nasıl çalıştığına ve potansiyel risklerine dair bilgi edinilmesi, (2) ÜYZ kullanımından doğabilecek etik ihlallere ilişkin sorumluluğun ilgili sistemleri kullanan ve bunları eserlere aktaranlara (kullanıcılara) ait olduğunun bilinmesi gerekir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yapay zekâ
• üretken yapay zekâ
• makine zekâsı
• etik.

Kaynakça

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