Compatibility of the Clomazone Active Ingredient with Pre-emergence Herbicides to Weed Control in Conventional Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Fields in Semi-arid Conditions

Öz

One of the critical components of successful cotton production is effective weed management. Since cotton cannot compete sufficiently with weeds, especially in the first six weeks, a certain number of weeds significantly reduces cotton yield. In addition, weeds can make cotton harvest difficult and contaminate cotton fiber. The main preferred control method for broadleaf weeds in the conventional cotton of Turkey (non-tolerant and non-resistant varieties) is the use of pre-emergence herbicides. However, since there is not much information about the effects of mixtures of different pre-planting herbicides, the aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and selectivity of herbicides applied as a pre-emergence mixture in cotton. The randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications and eleven treatments was used in the field experiment. The plots were established to 20 square meters (4 m x 5 m). Herbicide applications in the study were carried out in Diyarbakir in 2015, and dual mixtures of clomazone, fluometuron, oxyfluorfen, and pendimethalin were used with different mixtures and doses. Clomazone 0.2 l ha-1 + fluometuron 1,5 l ha-1, clomazone 0.2 l ha-1 + fluometuron 2 l ha-1, clomazone 0.4 l ha-1 + pendimethalin 1.5 l ha-1 and clomazone 0.3 l ha-1 + pendimethalin 2 l ha-1 mixture was found to be complete weed control efficiency. This result shows that mixtures with clomazone active ingredient increase in the efficiency of herbicides pre-planting. Oxyfluorfen mixtures showed the most hazardous damage in terms of product selectivity. The highest cotton yield (> 5 t ha-1) was obtained from the application of mixes of clomazone 0.30 l ha-1 + fluometuron 2 l ha-1 and clomazone 0.2 l ha-1 + fluometuron 1.5 l ha-1, respectively.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Cotton,Pre-plant,Pre-emergence,Herbicides,Weeds

Clomazone Aktif Maddesinin Yarı Kurak Koşullarda Geleneksel Pamuk (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Tarlalarında Yabancı Ot Kontrolünde Çıkış Öncesi Herbisitlerle Tank Karışımı

Öz

Başarılı pamuk üretiminin kritik bileşenlerinden biri, etkili yabani ot yönetimidir. Pamuk (Gossypium hirsutum L.), yabani otlarla yeterince rekabet edemediğinden, özellikle ilk altı haftada, bazı yabani ot türleri pamuk verimini önemli ölçüde azaltabilmektedir. Ayrıca yabani otlar pamuk hasadını zorlaştırabilir ve lifini kirletebilir. Türkiye geleneksel pamuk üretiminde (tolerantlı ve dayanıklı olmayan çeşitler) özellikle geniş yapraklı yabancı ot kontrolü için tercih edilen temel yöntem, ekim öncesi veya çıkış öncesi herbisitlerin kullanılmasıdır. Bununla birlikte, farklı çıkış öncesi herbisitlerin karışımlarının etkileri hakkında fazla bilgi bulunmadığından, bu çalışma, pamukta çıkış önceki bir karışım olarak uygulanan herbisitlerin etkinliğini ve seçiciliğini belirlemek için yürütülmüştür. Arazi denemeleri tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre dört tekerrürlü olarak 11 farklı uygulama olacak şekilde tasarlanmıştır. Parseller 20 metrekare (4 m x 5 m) olarak kurulmuştur. Bu çalışmada herbisit uygulamaları 2015 yılında Diyarbakır'da gerçekleştirilmiş ve çift klomazon aktif maddesinin fluometuron, oksiflorfen ve pendimetalin ile farklı dozlardaki karışımları kullanılmıştır. Clomazone 0.2 l ha-1 + fluometuron 1,5 l ha-1, clomazone 0.2 l ha-1 + fluometuron 2 l ha-1, clomazone 0.4 l ha-1 + pendimethalin 1.5 l ha-1 ve clomazone 0.3 l ha-1 + pendimethalin 2 l ha-1 karışımın yabani ot kontrol etkinliğinin tam olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu sonuç, clomazone aktif maddesi ile yapılan herbisit karışımlarının çıkış öncesi uygulandığında yabancı ot control etkinliği arttığını göstermektedir. Oxyfluorfen karışımlarında ürün seçiciliği açısından en tehlikeli hasar gözlenmiştir. En yüksek pamuk verimleri (> 5 t ha-1) sırasıyla clomazone 0.30 l ha-1 + fluometuron 2 l ha-1 ve clomazone 0.2 l ha-1 + fluometuron 1.5 l ha-1 karışımlarının uygulanmasından elde edilmiştir

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Pamuk,Ekim öncesi,Çıkış öncesi,Herbisitler,Yabancı ot

Kaynakça

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