Obezite ve Mikrobiyota Etkileşimlerine Genel Bakış

Öz

Bağırsak mikrobiyotası, konakçıyla simbiyotik bir ilişki içindedir ve birçok fizyolojik olaya aracılık etmektedir. Bağırsak florasının dengesizliği olarak adlandırılan disbiyoz, obeziteyle ilişkilendirilmektedir. Disbiyoz, bağırsak geçirgenliğinin artmasına neden olmaktadır, böylece sistemik dolaşımda lipopolisakkarit seviyeleri yükselmekte ve inflamasyon gelişmektedir. Bağırsak mikrobiyotasının bir diğer rolü ise diyetten enerji ekstraksiyonunu ve endokannabinoid sistemi modüle etmesidir. Bununla birlikte bağışıklıkla etkileşim halindedir. Obezitede görülen inflamasyon, artmış endokannabinoid sistem aktivitesi, bağırsak ve bağışıklık değişiklikleri; bağırsak mikrobiyotasını umut verici bir terapötik hedef yapmaktadır. Bağırsak mikrobiyotasının, probiyotik, prebiyotik, egzersiz ve fonksiyonel besinler gibi bileşenlerle modülasyonunun, obezite ve obeziteyle ilişkili bozuklukları iyileştirmede güçlü bir yaklaşım olabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Mikrobiyota
• Obezite
• Bağışılık
• Beslenme
• Probiyotik
• Prebiyotik

Overview of Obesity and Microbiota Interactions

Abstract

The gut microbiota has a symbiotic relationship with its host and can help many physiological events. Dysbiosis, called imbalance of the gut microbial population, is associated with obesity. Dysbiosis causes increased intestinal permeability, so in the systemic circulation, lipopolysaccharide levels rise, and inflammation develops. Another role of the gut microbiota is that it modulates energy extraction from the diet and the endocannabinoid system. However, it interacts with immunity. Inflammation, increased endocannabinoid system activity, and intestinal and immune changes in obesity make the gut microbiota a promising treatment target in obesity. It is thought that modulation of the gut microbiota with components such as probiotics, prebiotics, exercise, and functional foods may be a powerful approach to improving obesity and obesity-related disorders.

Keywords

• Microbiota
• Obesity
• Immunity
• Nutrition
• Probiotic
• Prebiotic

Kaynakça

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