Loading Polyphenols into Nanocapsules with High Encapsulation Efficiency Using Thin Film Hydration and Microfluidization

Abstract

In this study, phenolic-rich black rosehip fruit extract was loaded into nano-sized liposomes with high efficiency by using thin-film hydration and microfluidization methods together. In order to increase the stability of the prepared nanoliposomes, negatively charged nanoliposomes were coated with chitosan, a positively charged biopolymer, by electrostatic deposition technique. For this, the chitosan concentration required for optimum coating was investigated by working at different concentrations (0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4% and 0.5%). For this purpose, the prepared nanoliposome capsules were characterized by mean particle size and zeta potential measurements. To determine the encapsulation efficiency, total phenolic content (TPC) by Folin Ciocalteu method and antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC and DPPH methods) analyzes were performed. Coating was successful at other chitosan concentrations (0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4% and 0.5%), except for the 0.1% chitosan concentration (aggregation was observed). The highest encapsulation efficiency was achieved in nanoliposomes coated with 0.3% chitosan concentration. Accordingly, the encapsulation efficiency was determined as 92%, 87% and 83% in terms of TPC, CUPRAC and DPPH assays, respectively. In conclusion, it has been understood that it is possible to produce nanoliposomes with high encapsulation efficiency by combining the thin film hydration and microfluidization methods together.

Keywords

• Thin Film Hydration
• Microfluidization
• Nanoliposome
• Polyphenol
• Encapsulation Efficiency

İnce Film Hidrasyon ve Mikrofluidizasyon Yöntemleri Kullanılarak Polifenollerin Yüksek Verimle Nanokapsüllere Yüklenmesi

Öz

Bu çalışmada, fenolikçe zengin siyah kuşburnu meyvesi ekstraktı ince film hidrasyon ve mikrofluizidasyon yöntemleri birlikte kullanılarak nano boyuttaki lipozomlara yüksek verimle yüklenmiştir. Hazırlanan nanolipozomların stabilitesinin arttırılması amacıyla negatif elektrik yüklü olan nanolipozomlar elektrostatik depozisyon tekniği ile pozitif yüklü bir biyopolimer olan kitosan ile kaplanmıştır. Bunun için farklı konsantrasyonlarda (%0.1, %0.2, %0.3, %0.4 ve %0.5) çalışılarak optimum kaplama için gerekli kitosan konsantrasyonu araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla, hazırlanan nanolipozom kapsülleri ortalama partikül boyutu ve zeta potansiyeli ölçümleri ile karakterize edilmiştir. Enkapsülasyon veriminin belirlenmesi için toplam fenolik madde içerikleri (TPC) -Folin Ciocalteu yöntemi ve antioksidan kapasiteleri (CUPRAC ve DPPH yöntemleri) analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada kullanılan %0.1 kitosan konsantrasyonu hariç (çökme gözlendi) diğer kitosan konsantrasyonlarında (%0.2, %0.3, %0.4 ve %0.5) kaplama başarılı olmuştur. En yüksek enkapsülasyon verimine %0.3 kitosan konsantrasyonu ile kaplanan nanolipozomlarda ulaşılmıştır. Buna göre, enkapsülasyon verimi TPC’ye göre %92, CUPRAC’a göre %87, DPPH’e göre %83 olarak belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, ince film hidrasyon ve mikrofluizidasyon yöntemlerinin birlikte kullanılmasıyla yüksek enkapsülasyon verimli nanolipozom üretiminin mümkün olduğu anlaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İnce Film Hidrasyon
• Mikrofluidizasyon
• Nanolipozom
• Polifenol
• Enkapsülasyon Verimi

Kaynakça

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