Energy and Exergy Analyses of Dual Fuel Diesel Engine Using Diesel-Biogas at Partially Load Conditions

Abstract

Increasing energy demand and excessive use of fossil fuels negatively affect our world. Biogas is defined as a potential alternative fuel for vehicles. This study covered energy and exergy analyses of the direct injection diesel engine at 1500 rpm constant speed 25%, 50% and 75% partially load condition using simulated biogas with a flow rate of 0.000125 kilograms/second with a dual fuel engine system. Results revealed that energy and exergy efficiency tended to increase both for diesel fuel and diesel-biogas fuel with the increase of partial load. The obtained work was 1.60 kW, 3.20 kW and 4.81 kW for 25%, 50% and 75% loading condition for both fuel types. For diesel fuel, the amount of lost power was calculated as 5.18 kW for 25% load, 7.99 kW for 50% load and 11.32 kW with 75% loading condition. These losses were obtained as 8.04 kW for 25% loading, 9.91 kW at 50% loading rate and 12.36 kW on 75% loading in dual fuel mode. This increase in losses was explained by the presence of 30% CO2 in biogas, reducing the oxygen concentration in the cylinder and preventing combustion process. For diesel fuel, the energy efficiency of the system was 25.75%, 29.40% and 29.64% for loadings of 25%, 50% and 75% respectively, while the energy efficiency was determined as 18.01%, 25.27%, 27.97% with the addition of biogas in the dual fuel system. Exergy efficiency was calculated as 22.96%, 26.21% and 26.43% respectively for the same loading conditions when diesel fuel was used, while in the dual fuel system these values were found to be 17.17%, 23.59% and 25.80%.

Keywords

• Dual Fuel Diesel Engine
• Energy and Exergy Analysis
• Biogas
• Biofuel

Kısmi Yük Koşullarında Dizel-Biyogaz Kullanılarak Çift Yakıtlı Dizel Motorun Enerji ve Ekserji Analizi

Öz

Artan enerji talebi ve bunu doğrultusunda aşırı fosil yakıt kullanımı dünyamızı olumsuz şekilde etkilemektedir. Alternatif yakıt kaynaklarından biyogaz, araçlar için de potansiyel bir alternatif yakıt olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bu çalışma, deneysel olarak çift yakıtlı motor sisteminde 0,000125 kilogram/saniye debiyle simüle edilmiş biyogaz kullanılarak 1500 rpm sabit hızda, %25, %50 ve %75 kısmi motor yüklerinde direk enjeksiyonlu dizel motorun enerji ve ekserji analizlerini kapsamaktadır. Deney sonuçları, kısmi yükün artmasıyla enerji ve ekserji verimliği hem sadece dizel yakıt için hem de dizel-biyogaz yakıtı için artma eğilimi göstermiştir. Elde edilen faydalı iş her iki yakıt türü içinde %25, %50 ve %75 kısmi yüklemelerinde sırasıyla 1,60 kW, 3,20 kW ve 4,81 kW olarak belirlenmiştir. Dizel yakıt için, kısmi yüklemelere göre kayıp güç miktarı %25 yük için 5,18 kW, %50 yük için 7,99 kW ve %75 yükleme koşulunda 11,32 kW olarak hesaplanmıştır. Bu kayıplar, çift yakıtlı modda %25 yükleme için 8,04 kW, %50 yükleme oranında 9,91 kW ve %75 yüklemede ise 12,36 kW olarak elde edilmiştir. Kayıplardaki bu artış, biyogaz içerisinde bulunan %30 CO2’nin bulunması silindir içerisindeki oksijen konsantrasyonunu azaltmakta ve tam yanmanın gerçekleşememesiyle açıklanmıştır. Sadece dizel kullanılarak yapılan deneylerde sistemin enerji verimi %25, %50 ve %75 yüklemeler için sırasıyla %25,75, %29,40 ve %29,64 olarak bulunurken çift yakıtlı sistemde biyogaz eklenmesiyle enerji veriminde sırasıyla %18,01, %25,27, %27,97 olarak belirlenmiştir. Ekserji verimliliği ise dizel yakıtı kullanıldığında aynı yükleme koşulları için sırasıyla %22,96, %26,21 ve %26,43 olarak hesaplanırken, çift yakıtlı sistemde bu değerler %17,17, %23,59 ve %25,80 olarak bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Çift Yakıtlı Dizel Motor
• Enerji ve Ekserji Analizi
• Biyogaz
• Biyoyakıt

Kaynakça

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