Tahtaköprü Baraj Havzasında Sediment Verim Analizi

Yıl 2021, Sayı: 27, 995 - 1002, 30.11.2021

Şerife Pınar Güvel , Mehmet Ali Akgül , Hakan Aksu

https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.987725

Cited By: 1

Öz

Baraj ve göletlerin planlanmasında ve işletilmesindeki en önemli kriterlerden bir tanesi depolanacak su hacminin tespitidir. Bu miktar planlamadan önce yersel olarak, baraj ve gölet su tutulmasından sonra ise batimetrik harita yapılarak hesaplanmaktadır. İşletme süresince, baraj rezervuarına gelen sedimentasyon kaynaklı olarak bu hacim zamanla azalmakta, bu durum su yapısının işletilmesinde sorun olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Tahtaköprü Baraj rezervuarında baraj inşaatından önce hazırlanan yersel harita ile hidrografik harita yapım yılları arasında rezervuar depolama hacmi değişimi CBS modülleri aracılığı ile hesaplanmıştır. Baraj rezervuarında depolama hacminde maksimum su seviyesinde %9,15, minimum su seviyesinde %51,90 oranında azalmanın sediment birikiminden kaynaklandığı belirlenmiştir. Havzadaki arazi örtüsü ve orman alanındaki değişimlerin rezervuar sediment birikimine etkisi incelenmiş ve arazi örtüsü ve orman alanlarının rezervuardaki sediment birikimini azalttığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca sürdürülebilir su kaynakları yönetimi kapsamında su kaynaklarından etkin olarak yararlanabilmek için, rezervuar işletme kurallarının belirlenmesinde karar vericileri desteklemek amacıyla, maksimum ve minimum su seviyelerinde rezervuar depolama hacimlerindeki azalmanın kıyaslanması için, 1962, 1980 ve 2014 yılları sayısal arazi modelleri karşılaştırılarak sediment kalınlık haritaları hazırlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Coğrafi bilgi sistemi, sediment birikimi, Tahtaköprü Barajı, su kaynakları yönetimi

Sediment Yield Analysis in Tahtaköprü Dam Basin

Öz

The determination of the volume of water to be stored is one of the most important criteria for dam and pond planning and operation. This amount is calculated locally prior to planning studies, and a bathymetric map is created following water storage in the reservoir. Because of sedimentation during the operation period, the volume of the reservoir decreases over time, and this situation appears as a problem in the operation of the water structure. In this study, the reservoir storage volume changes and reservoir sediment accumulation rates between the locally produced map before the construction of Tahtaköprü Dam and the hydrographic survey maps prepared during operation period were investigated by using GIS modules. It was determined that the decrease in the storage volume of the dam reservoir at the maximum water level by 9.15% and at the minimum water level by 51.90% was due to sediment accumulation. The effect of the changes in the land cover and forest area in the basin on reservoir sedimentation was examined and it was found that land cover and forest area in the basin have reduced sediment accumulation in the reservoir. Furthermore, sediment thickness change was mapped to compare the decrease in the storage volume capacity of the reservoir at the maximum water level and at the minimum water level by comparing the digital elevation models of 1962, 1980 and 2014 to support the decision-makers on determining reservoir operation rules in order to benefit water resources effectively within the scope of sustainable management of water resources.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Geographic information system, sediment accumulation, Tahtaköprü Dam, water resources management

Kaynakça

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