Ekonomik Büyüme ve Enerji Tüketiminin Ekolojik Ayak İzi ve Karbon Emisyonları Üzerindeki Etkisi: Türkiye Örneği

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, 1968-2016 yılları arasında Türkiye’de ekonomik büyüme enerji tüketimi ve çevre kirliliği arasındaki ilişkiyi ARDL sınır testi yaklaşımını kullanarak incelemektir. Bulgular ekonomik büyüme ve dış ticaret açıklığındaki artışın tüm modellerde çevresel bozulmaya neden olduğunu göstermektedir. Enerji tüketim katsayısı tüm modellerde pozitif olmakla birlikte, sadece ekolojik ayak izi göstergesinin bağımlı değişken olduğu modelde istatistiksel olarak anlamlıdır. Böylece Türkiye’de çevre kirliliği ve ekonomik büyüme arasında pozitif bir ilişki belirlenirken, enerji tüketiminin ekolojik ayak izini artırdığı söylenebilir. Bulgular yalnızca kirlilik emisyonlarını değil aynı zamanda çevresel bozulma için ekolojik ayak izini de dikkate almanın gerekli olduğunu gösterir. Bu sonuçlar Türkiye için birçok politika önerisini gündeme getiriyor. Çevresel bozulma ile ekonomik büyüme arasında ters U şeklinde bir ilişkinin varlığı, aslında Türkiye'deki başarılı uzun vadeli sürdürülebilir büyümeyi göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• ARDL
• Ekolojik Ayak İzi
• CO2 salınımı
• Büyüme
• Enerji
• Türkiye

The Effects of Economic Growth and Energy Consumption on Ecological Footprint And Carbon Emissions: Evidence From Turkey

Öz

The aim of this paper is to explore the relationship between energy use, economic growth, and environmental pollution in Turkey for the period from 1968 to 2016 by using ARDL bounds test approach. Test findings show that an increase in economic growth and trade openness cause environmental degradation in all models. Although the energy consumption coefficient is positive in all models, it is statistically significant only in the model where the ecological footprint indicator is the dependent variable. Thus, while determining a positive relationship between environmental pollution and economic growth in Turkey, also it can be said that the energy consumption increases ecological footprint. The findings indicate that there is a need to consider not only pollution emissions but also the ecological footprint for environmental degradation. These results raise a number of policy recommendations for Turkey. The existence of an inverted-U shaped relationship between environmental degradation and economic growth actually demonstrate the successful long run sustainable growth in Turkey.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ecological Footprint
• CO2 Emissions
• Growth
• Energy
• ARDL
• Turkey

Kaynakça

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