SANAT TARİHİ DERSİ İÇİN SANAL GERÇEKLİK TEMELLİ ÖZGÜN BİR ÖĞRETİM MATERYALİ TASARIMI VE GELİŞTİRİLMESİ

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 38 Sayı: 4, 812 - 839, 30.12.2024

Levent Çoruh , Adnan Tepecik

https://doi.org/10.48070/erciyesakademi.1542839

Öz

Sanat tarihi dersleri, sanat tarihi geçmişi olmayan öğrenciler için zorlayıcı olabilir. Bu zorlukların farkına varmak, pratik çözümler bulmanın ilk adımıdır. Yenilikçi dijital teknolojilerin sanat tarihi derslerine entegrasyonu, yeni sunum yöntemlerini keşfetmenin yaratıcı bir yoludur ve aynı zamanda öğrencileri motive etmeye ve öğrenmelerini geliştirmeye yardımcı olabilir. Sanal gerçeklik (VR), soyut kavramları ve teorileri görselleştirir ve öğrencilerin tarihi mekânları sanal olarak ziyaret etmelerini sağlar. Araştırma, Osmanlı Dini Mimarisinde Süleymaniye Camisi üzerine lisans düzeyinde bir Sanat Tarihi dersi için iki farklı VR yaklaşımı, 3D animasyon, metinsel bilgi ve fotoğraflarla eğitim materyali oluşturmaya odaklanmıştır. Sanal gerçeklikle entegre ders materyali geliştirme, iyi tasarlanmış çok disiplinli bir işbirliğine ihtiyaç duymaktadır. Çalışmada sanat tarihi, mimarlık tarihi, eğitim bilimleri ve grafik tasarım disiplinlerindeki uzmanlar tarafından yetkinliklerin ve dijital teknoloji tabanlı sunum yöntemlerinin belirlenmesi için ortak bir çabaya ihtiyaç duyulmuştur. Eğitim materyali, VR tabanlı (6DOF) gezinti yazılımı ve Quicktime VR tabanlı (3DOF) panoramik etkileşimli fotoğraflar, 3D animasyonlu anlatımlar ve bina hakkında metinsel-fotoğrafik bilgiler içermektedir. Materyaller geliştirildikten sonra, VR teknolojisi ile donatılmış bir sınıfta küçük bir öğretmen, araştırma görevlisi ve öğrenci grubuna tanıtılmışlardır. Katılımcılardan alınan geri bildirimler, öğretim materyalinin öğrencilerin ilgi, öğrenme ve kalıcılık düzeylerini olumlu yönde etkileyecek nitelikte olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu yenilikçi yaklaşımın önemli bir eğitim potansiyeline sahip olduğu, ancak hayata geçirilmesi kurs öğretmenleri, eğitim uzmanları, tasarımcılar ve BT uzmanları arasındaki sıkı bir iş birliğine bağlıdır ve bu iş birliğine erişmenin her zaman kolay olmadığı sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sanal gerçeklik, öğretim tasarımı, öğretim materyalleri, sanat tarihi eğitimi, bilgisayar destekli öğretim, Süleymaniye Külliyesi

DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF A NOVEL INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIAL FOR VIRTUAL REALITY BASED TEACHING FOR ART HISTORY COURSE

Öz

Art history classes can be challenging for students without an art history background. Recognizing these challenges is the first step to finding practical solutions. The integration of innovative digital technologies into art history classes is a creative way to discover novel delivery methods and could also help motivate students and enhance their learning. Virtual Reality (VR) visualizes abstract concepts and theories and allows students to virtually visit historical sites with a sense of presence. Research is focused on creating educational material with two different VR approaches, 3D animation, textual information, and photos for an undergraduate level Art History course on the Süleymaniye Mosque in Ottoman Religious Architecture. VR-integrated course material development needs well-designed multidisciplinary collaboration. A collective effort was needed to determine the competencies and digital technology-based delivery methods by experts in art history, architectural history, educational sciences, and graphic design disciplines. The educational material includes VR-based (6DOF) walk-through software and Quicktime VR-based (3DOF) panoramic photos, 3D animated narratives, and textual-photographic information about the building. Once materials were developed, they were demonstrated to a small group of teachers, research assistants and students in a VR technology-equipped classroom. The feedback from the participants showed that the instructional material was qualified to positively affect the students' level of interest, learning, and retention. This innovative approach has significant educational potential, however its realisation depends on tight collaboration between course teachers, educational specialists, designers and IT specialists, which is not always easy to access.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Virtual reality, instructional design, teaching materials, art history education, computer-assisted instruction, the Süleymaniye Complex

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