Gelişimsel Yetersizliğe Sahip Çocuğu Olan Ebeveynlerde Depresyon, Anksiyete ve Stres: Örtük Profil Analizi

Öz

Gelişimsel yetersizliği olan çocukların ebeveynleri bakım yükü, toplumsal damgalama ve sosyal yetersizlikler nedeniyle yüksek düzeyde depresyon, anksiyete ve stress yaşama eğilimindedir. Bu çalışma ebeveynlerin depresyon, anksiyete ve stress düzeylerine gore depresyon, anksiyete ve stress profillerini belirlemeyi ve ebeveyn cinsiyeti ile çocukların yetersizlik türünün bu profillere üyeliği yordayıp yordamadığını incelemeyi amaçlamıştır. Gelişimsel yetersizliğe sahip çocuğu olan 335 ebeveynin katılımıyla yürütülen çalışmada Depresyon Anksiyete Stres Ölçeği (DASS)-21 ölçeği kullanılarak Örtük Profil Analizi uygulanmıştır. Analiz sonucunda üç profil belirlenmiştir: Yüksek Düzey Sorun, Orta Düzey Sorun ve Düşük Düzey Sorun. Bulgular annelerin babalara kıyasla yüksek düzey profilinde olduğunu ayrıca otizm spectrum bozukluğu tanılı çocukların ebeveynlerinin zihinsel yetersizlik tanılı çocukların ebeveynlerine kıyasla daha yüksek düzeyde sorun yaşadığını göstermiştir. Sonuçlar ebeveynlerin depresyon, anksiyete ve stress düzeylerinin homojen dağılmadığını ortaya koymakta ve müdahale programlarının bireysel risk düzeylerine gore farklılaştırılması gerektiğini vurgulamaktadır. Bu bağlamda ebeveynlere yönelik hizmetler ve desteklerin toplumsal cinsiyet roller ve yetersizlik türünü dikkate alarak çok katmanlı destek modelleriyle gerçekleştirilmesinin önemli olduğu belirtilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Gelişimsel yetersizlik
• depresyon
• anksiyete
• stress
• örtük profil analizi

Latent Profiles of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in Parents of Children with Developmental Disabilities

Öz

Parents of children with developmental disabilities tend to experience high levels of depression, anxiety, and stress due to caregiving burdens, social stigma, and social inadequacies. This study aimed to identify psychological distress profiles based on parents’ levels of depression, anxiety, and stress and to examine whether parent gender and the type of the child's disability predict membership in these profiles. The study was conducted with the participation of 335 parents of children with developmental disabilities, and Latent Profile Analysis was performed using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS)-21 scale. The analysis identified three profiles: High Psychological Distress, Moderate Psychological Distress, and Low Psychological Distress. Findings showed that mothers were more likely than fathers to belong to the high distress profile. Additionally, parents of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder experienced higher levels of psychological distress compared to parents of children with intellectual disabilities. The results indicate that depression, anxiety, and stress are not homogeneously distributed among parents and emphasize the need to tailor intervention programs according to individual risk levels. In this context, it is highlighted that services and supports for parents should be implemented through multilayered support models that take into account gender roles and the type of disability.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Developmental disabilities
• depression
• anxiety
• stress
• latent profile analysis

Kaynakça

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