COVID-19 SÜRECİNDE BABALARIN EBEVEYNLİK DÜZEYLERİNDEKİ DEĞİŞİMİN İNCELENMESİ

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 33 Sayı: 1, 289 - 302, 19.01.2023

Esra Işık

https://doi.org/10.18069/firatsbed.1192329

Cited By: 1

Öz

Covid-19 pandemi süreci kapsamında alınan önlemler ve tedbirler gereğince iş yerlerinin, okulların ve çocuğun bakımını sağlayan kurumların kapatılması aile bireylerinin evde daha uzun süre zaman geçirmelerini zorunlu kılmıştır. Çocuklarının yaşamlarının her anında yer almalarına karşın pandemi sürecinde evde geçirdikleri sürenin artmasına bağlı olarak babaların ebeveynlik becerilerinde ve ebeveynlik beceri düzeylerinde değişiklikler olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu düşünceden hareketle araştırmada Covid-19 sürecinde babaların ebeveynlik düzeylerindeki değişimin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden tarama modeline ve kesitsel tarama desenine göre tasarlanan bu araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 4-18 yaş arası en az bir çocuğu olan 349 baba oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada verilerin analizinde korelasyon katsayısı değerleri ve ısı haritası yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda; babaların yetkinlik ölçeği puanları ile demografik değişkenlerden sadece eğitim durumunun ilişkili olduğu; babaların yetkinlik ölçeği puanları ve evde kalma sürelerinin artmasına bağlı olarak çocuklarına daha çok zaman ayırdıkları, çocukları ve diğer aile bireyleri ile olan iletişimlerini güçlendirdikleri bulgusu elde edilmiştir. Araştırmada ayrıca babanın yaşadığı stres düzeyinin çocuğunun davranışlarını ve stres düzeyini olumsuz yönde etkilediği, pandemi süresince babaların ebeveynlik becerilerinde değişiklikler görüldüğü, kendilerini ebeveynlikte yetersiz hisseden babaların yetersiz hissettikleri durumlarda en çok eşlerinden, en az ise aile büyüklerinden ve kitaplardan destek aldıkları bulgularına ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Covid-19, Pandemi, Ebeveynlik, Babalık, Çocuk

Destekleyen Kurum

-

Proje Numarası

-

Teşekkür

-

Investigation of the Changing in Parenting Levels of Fathers in the Covid-19 Process

Öz

The closure of workplaces, schools and childcare centers in accordance with the measures taken within the scope of the Covid-19 pandemic, made it compulsory for family members to spend longer time at home. Although they are involved in every moment of their children’s lives, it is thought that there are changes in fathers’ parenting skills and parenting skill levels due to the increase in the time they spend at home during the pandemic process. Based on this idea, it was aimed to examine the change in parenting levels of fathers during the Covid-19 process. The study group of this research, which was designed according to the survey model and cross-sectional survey design, which is one of the quantitative research methods, consists of 349 fathers who have at least one child between the ages of 4-18. In the analysis of the data, correlation coefficient values and heat map method were used. As a result of the research; fathers’ competency scale scores and demographic variables are only related to educational status; it has been found that fathers spend more time with their children and strengthen their communication with their children and other family members due to the increase in their competence scale scores and the time they stay at home. In the study, it was also found that the stress level experienced by the father affected the behavior and stress level of his child negatively, that there were changes in the parenting skills of the fathers during the pandemic, and that the fathers who felt inadequate in parenting received support mostly from their spouses, and least from family elders and books when they felt inadequate.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Covid-19, Pandemic, Parenting, Fatherhood, Paternity, Child.

Proje Numarası

-

Kaynakça

• Arslan Dikme, Ş. & Gültekin, B. K. (2021). Covid19 Pandemi Sürecinin Evden Çalışan Ebeveynler ve Çocuklarına Etkileri. Eğitim ve Gençlik Araştırmaları Dergisi, 1(1), 31–48.
• Ben-Yaakov, O. & Ben-Ari, O. T. (2021). COVID-19-Related anxieties and parenting stress among first-time mothers and fathers in their first year of parenthood. 1–15.
• Brooks, S. K., Webster, R. K., Smith, L. E., Woodland, L., Wessely, S., Greenberg, N. & Rubin, G. J. (2020). The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence. The Lancet, 395(10227), 912–920.
• Chung, G., Lanier, P. & Wong, P. Y. J. (2020a). Mediating Effects of Parental Stress on Harsh Parenting and Parent-Child Relationship during Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic in Singapore. Journal of Family Violence, 1–12.
• Chung, G., Lanier, P. & Wong, P. Y. J. (2020b). Mediating Effects of Parental Stress on Harsh Parenting and Parent-Child Relationship during Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic in Singapore. Journal of Family Violence, 1–12.
• Chung, S. K. G., Chan, X. W., Lanier, P. & Wong, P. (2020). Associations Between Work-Family Balance, Parenting Stress, and Marital Conflicts During COVID-19 Pandemic in Singapore. Preprint Henüz, 1–31.
• Coyne, L. W., Gould, E. R., Grimaldi, M., Wilson, K. G., Baffuto, G. & Biglan, A. (2020). First Things First: Parent Psychological Flexibility and Self-Compassion During COVID-19. [Preprint].Open Science Framework.
• Del Boca, D., Oggero, N., Profeta, P. & Rossi, M. C. (2020). Women’s Work, Housework and Childcare, before and during Covid-19. CESifo Working Paper Series, 1–24.
• Demir, S. & Gündüz, B. (2014). Ebeveyn Yetkinlik Ölçeği’nin Uyarlanması: Geçerlik Ve Güvenirlik Çalışmaları. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 11(25), 309–322.
• Fontanesi, L., Marchetti, D., Mazza, C., Di Giandomenico, S., Roma, P. & Verrocchio, M. C. (2020). The effect of the COVID-19 lockdown on parents: A call to adopt urgent measures. Psychological Trauma : Theory, Research, Practice and Policy, 12(S1), S79–S81.
• Giallo, R., Williams, L. A., Seymour, M., Jillard, C., Peace, R., O’Brien, J., Evans, K., Brown, S. & Wood, C. (2020). ‘Working Out Dads’ to promote men’s mental and physical health in early fatherhood: A mixed-methods evaluation.
• Hayran, M. & Hayran, M. (2020). Sağlık Araştırmaları İçin Temel İstatistik. Omega Araştırma.
• Hussong, A. M., Midgette, A. J., Richards, A. N., Petrie, R. C., Coffman, J. L. & Thomas, T. E. (2022). COVID-19 Life Events Spill-Over on Family Functioning and Adolescent Adjustment. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 42(3), 359–388.
• Johnson, M. S., Skjerdingstad, N., Ebrahimi, O. V., Hoffart, A. & Johnson, S. U. (2020). Parenting in a Pandemic: Parental Stress During the Physical Distancing Intervention Following the onset of the COVID-19 Outbreak. PsyArXiv Preprints, 1–25.
• Kalil, A., Mayer, S. & Shah, R. (2020). Impact of the COVID-19 Crisis on Family Dynamics in Economically Vulnerable Households.
• Kalil, A. & Ryan, R. (2020). Parenting Practices and Socioeconomic Gaps in Childhood Outcomes. The Future of Children, 30(1), 29–54.
• Kutsar, D. & Kurvet-Käosaar, L. (2021). The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Families: Young People’s Experiences in Estonia. Frontiers in Sociology, 6, 1–12.
• Morelli, M., Cattelino, E., Baiocco, R., Trumello, C., Babore, A., Candelori, C. & Chirumbolo, A. (2020a). Parents and Children During the COVID-19 Lockdown: The Influence of Parenting Distress and Parenting Self-Efficacy on Children’s Emotional Well-Being. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 2584.
• Morelli, M., Cattelino, E., Baiocco, R., Trumello, C., Babore, A., Candelori, C. & Chirumbolo, A. (2020b). Parents and Children During the COVID-19 Lockdown: The Influence of Parenting Distress and Parenting Self-Efficacy on Children’s Emotional Well-Being. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 2584.
• Özdemir, E. (2016). Tarama Yöntemi. In M. Metin (Ed.), Kuramdan Uygulamaya Eğitimde Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri (3rd ed., pp. 1–498). Pegem Akademi.
• Profeta, P. (2020). Gender Equality and Public Policy during COVID-19. CESifo Economic Studies, 66(4), 365–375.
• Sahithya, B. R., Kashyap, R. S. & Roopesh, B. N. (2020). Perceived stress, parental stress, and parenting during covid-19 lockdown: A preliminary study. Journal of Indian Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 44–63.
• Sevilla, A. & Smith, S. (2020). Baby Steps: The Gender Division of Childcare during the COVID-19 Pandemic. IZA Institute of Labor Economics , 1–29. www.iza.org
• Spinelli, M., Lionetti, F., Pastore, M. & Fasolo, M. (2020). Parents’ Stress and Children’s Psychological Problems in Families Facing the COVID-19 Outbreak in Italy. Frontiers in Psychology, 0, 1713.
• Sugiana, S., Sasmiati, S. & Yulistia, A. (2020). Relationship Between Parenting Self Efficacy and Parenting Stress on Parents to Support Early Children Playing at Home. Indonesian Journal of Early Childhood Education Studies, 9(2), 124–129.
• Trumello, C., Bramanti, S. M., Lombardi, L., Ricciardi, P., Morelli, M., Candelori, C., Crudele, M., Cattelino, E., Baiocco, R., Chirumbolo, A. & Babore, A. (2021). COVID-19 and home confinement: A study on fathers, father–child relationships and child adjustment. Child: Care, Health and Development, 1–7.
• Vinkers, C. H., van Amelsvoort, T., Bisson, J. I., Branchi, I., Cryan, J. F., Domschke, K., Howes, O. D., Manchia, M., Pinto, L., de Quervain, D., Schmidt, M. V. & van der Wee, N. J. A. (2020). Stress resilience during the coronavirus pandemic. European Neuropsychopharmacology, 35, 12–16.
• Wu, Q. & Xu, Y. (2020). Parenting stress and risk of child maltreatment during the COVID-19 pandemic: A family stress theory-informed perspective: Developmental Child Welfare, 2(3), 180–196.
• Yasmin, H. (2020). Covid 19: Stress Management among Students and its Impact on Their Effective Learning. International Technology and Education Journal, 4(2), 65–74.